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Revision as of 18:33, 29 March 2023
| ◀️ The Present Tense of Regular Verbs — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️ |
As a Slovak language teacher for over 20 years, I know that learning a new language can be a challenging but rewarding experience. In this lesson, we will focus on two important verbs in Slovak: 'to be' and 'to have', which are used in the present tense. Mastering these verbs will help you form basic sentences and provide a sturdy foundation for further learning in the Slovak language.
After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Give your Opinion & Pronouns.
The Verb 'To Be'
The verb 'to be' is an essential part of any language. It is used to indicate what something is or where something is located. In Slovak, the verb 'to be' is translated as 'byť'. Here are the conjugations of 'byť' in the present tense:
| Slovak | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Som | /som/ | I am |
| Si | /si/ | You are (singular, informal) |
| Je | /je/ | He/She/It is or You are (singular, formal) |
| Sme | /sme/ | We are |
| Ste | /ste/ | You are (plural, formal or informal) |
| Sú | /su:/ | They are or You are (plural, formal or informal) |
In Slovak, the verb 'to be' is not always required in a sentence. For example, the sentence 'I am a student' can be translated as 'Som študent' or simply 'Študent'. The second option is more common in colloquial speech.
Now, here are some examples of common phrases that use the verb 'to be' in Slovak:
- 'Ahoj, ako sa máš?' - Hi, how are you?
- 'Oni sú u lekára.' - They are at the doctor's.
- 'Je mi zima.' - I am cold.
The Verb 'To Have'
The verb 'to have' is used to show possession or ownership of something. In Slovak, the verb 'to have' is translated as 'mať'. Here are the conjugations of 'mať' in the present tense:
| Slovak | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Mám | /ma:m/ | I have |
| Máš | /ma:ʃ/ | You have (singular, informal) |
| Má | /ma:/ | He/She/It has or You have (singular, formal) |
| Máme | /ma:me/ | We have |
| Máte | /ma:te/ | You have (plural, formal or informal) |
| Majú | /ma:ju:/ | They have or You have (plural, formal or informal) |
Like the verb 'to be', the verb 'to have' is not always required in Slovak. For instance, the sentence 'I have a book' can be translated as 'Mám knihu' or 'Kniha'. The second option is more frequently used in daily conversations.
Next, here are some examples of how the verb 'to have' is used in Slovak:
- 'Máš auto?' - Do you have a car?
- 'Oni majú dve deti.' - They have two children.
- 'Mám hlad.' - I am hungry.
Tips for Using 'To Be' and 'To Have'
Here are a few tips to help you use the verbs 'to be' and 'to have' correctly in Slovak:
- Remember to match the verb form to the subject of the sentence.
- In Slovak, it is common to drop the verb 'to be' when it is not needed in the sentence.
- When using the verb 'to have', the word for what is owned usually comes after the verb.
By mastering the verbs 'to be' and 'to have' in the present tense, you will be able to form basic sentences in Slovak and have a strong foundation for further language learning. In the next lesson, we will focus on the basic sentence structure in Slovak.
Other Lessons
- How to Use Have
- 0 to A1 Course
- Nouns and Pronouns
- Questions
- The Locative Case
- Adjectives
- Conditional Mood
- Plurals
- The Genitive Case
- Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
Sources
- 20+ Popular Slovak Verbs - Ling App
- Slovak perfective and imperfective verbs | coLanguage
- Slovak language - Wikipedia
| ◀️ The Present Tense of Regular Verbs — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️ |