Difference between revisions of "Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Comparisons-and-superlatives"
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# Az én testvérem ___ (magas) a te testvérednél. | # Az én testvérem ___ (magas) a te testvérednél. | ||
<span class='maj'></span> | |||
==Sources== | |||
* [http://www.hungarianreference.com/Adjectives/superlative-leg-bb.aspx Superlative adjectives in Hungarian: leg--abb [HungarianReference ...] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_grammar Hungarian grammar - Wikipedia] | |||
* [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Simplified_Grammar_of_the_Hungarian_Language/Adjectives Simplified Grammar of the Hungarian Language/Adjectives ...] | |||
* [https://betterhungarian.com/2022/05/19/hungarian-superlatives-comparisons/ [Hungarian] Superlatives & Comparisons – Better Hungarian] | |||
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Revision as of 13:29, 12 March 2023
In this lesson, we will learn how to create comparisons and express superlatives in Hungarian. We will use adjectives and adverbs in different forms and contexts to describe different objects, people, or situations. This lesson is suitable for students who have already studied basic Hungarian grammar and know how to use verbs and nouns correctly.
Comparisons
We use comparisons to describe how two things are similar or different. Hungarian uses different forms of adjectives and adverbs to express comparisons.
Comparison of equality
To express that two items or people are equal, we use "olyan...mint" (as...as). For example:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
A város olyan nagy, mint a főváros. | Ah vaa-rosh o-lyan nog-y, mint ah fo-vaarosh. | The city is as big as the capital. |
Comparison of inequality
To express that two items or people are not equal, we use "nem olyan...mint" (not as...as). For example:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Az apja nem olyan magas, mint ő. | Oz upp-yuh nem o-lyan mog-gosh, mint oh. | His father is not as tall as him. |
Comparative form
To express that one item or person has a greater or lesser quality than another, we use the comparative form of an adjective or adverb, which generally uses the suffix "-bb" (more) or "-abb" (most). For example:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
A kutya nagyobb, mint a macska. | Ah kut-yuh nog-yobb, mint ah ma-ts-ka. | The dog is bigger than the cat. |
Szeretek hamarabb kelni, mint Te. | Ser-et-ek ho-maar-ubb kel-ni, mint Teh. | I like getting up earlier than you. |
Note that some adjectives have irregular comparative forms:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
jó | yoh | good | jobb | yo-bb | better | rossz | ross | bad | rosszabb | ross-ab-bb | worse | sok | shok | many/much | több | tøbb | more | kevés | kev-esh | few/little | kevesebb | kev-esh-ebb | less |
Superlative form
To express that an item or person has the highest or lowest quality among all, we use the superlative form of an adjective or adverb, which generally uses the suffix "-leg-" (most) or "-nél/nélkül" (least). For example:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Budapest a legszebb város Magyarországon. | Bu-da-pesht ah leg-szebb vaarosh mod-yar-or-shaa-gon. | Budapest is the most beautiful city in Hungary. |
Ez a tanár a legjobb matektanár. | Ez ah taa-naar ah leg-yobb mat-ek-taa-naar. | This teacher is the best math teacher. |
Note that some adjectives have irregular superlative forms:
Hungarian | Pronunciation | English | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
jó | yoh | good | legjobb | leg-yobb | best | rossz | ross | bad | legsrosszabb | legs-rosh-ab-bb | worst | sok | shok | many/much | legtöbb | leg-tøbb | most | kevés | kev-esh | few/little | legkevesebb | leg-kev-esh-ebb | least |
Exercises
- Translate the following sentences into Hungarian:
- My car is not as fast as yours.
- This book is more interesting than that one.
- The soup is not as hot as the coffee.
- This is the cheapest store in town.
- Budapest is the biggest city in Hungary.
- Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the comparative or superlative:
- Az alma ___ (finom) a banánnál.
- A hétvégi utazás ___ (drága) az előzőnél.
- A matek a ___ (nehéz) tantárgyak közé tartozik.
- Az én macskám ___ (barátságos) a te kutyádnál.
- Az én testvérem ___ (magas) a te testvérednél.
Sources
- Superlative adjectives in Hungarian: leg--abb [HungarianReference ...
- Hungarian grammar - Wikipedia
- Simplified Grammar of the Hungarian Language/Adjectives ...
- [Hungarian Superlatives & Comparisons – Better Hungarian]
Related Lessons
- Possessor
- 0 to A1 Course
- Nouns
- Aspect and mood combinations
- Future Tense
- Plural
- Plurals
- How to form the feminine
- Verbs and tenses
- Passive voice and indirect speech