Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be"
< Language | Standard-arabic | Grammar
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m (Quick edit) |
|||
| (2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
The Arabic verb “to be” is كانَ (''kāna''). | The Arabic verb “to be” is كانَ (''kāna''). | ||
After mastering this lesson, you may find these related subjects intriguing: [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/The-definite-and-indefinite-articles|The definite and indefinite articles]], [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Third-conditional-and-mixed-conditionals|Third conditional and mixed conditionals]]. | |||
==Present tense== | ==Present tense== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 127: | Line 129: | ||
!Example Arabic | !Example Arabic | ||
!Example pronunciation | !Example pronunciation | ||
!Audio | |||
[[Help/How-to-add-audio-files|Add Audio]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
|I was | |I was | ||
| Line 133: | Line 137: | ||
|I was beautiful | |I was beautiful | ||
|انا كنت جميل | |انا كنت جميل | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 140: | Line 145: | ||
|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انت كنت جميل | |انت كنت جميل | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 147: | Line 153: | ||
|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انت كنت جميلة | |انت كنت جميلة | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 154: | Line 161: | ||
|he was beautiful | |he was beautiful | ||
|هو كان جميل | |هو كان جميل | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 161: | Line 169: | ||
|she was beautiful | |she was beautiful | ||
|هي كانت جميلة | |هي كانت جميلة | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 168: | Line 177: | ||
|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انتما كنتما جميلتان | |انتما كنتما جميلتان | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 175: | Line 185: | ||
|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هما كنا جميلون | |هما كنا جميلون | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 182: | Line 193: | ||
|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هما كنتا جميلتان | |هما كنتا جميلتان | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 189: | Line 201: | ||
|we were beautiful | |we were beautiful | ||
|نحن كنا جميلون | |نحن كنا جميلون | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 196: | Line 209: | ||
|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انتم كنتم جميلون | |انتم كنتم جميلون | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 203: | Line 217: | ||
|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
| انتن كنتن جميلات | | انتن كنتن جميلات | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 210: | Line 225: | ||
|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هم كانو جميلون | |هم كانو جميلون | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 217: | Line 233: | ||
|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هن كن جميلات | |هن كن جميلات | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
As you can see, whenever '''كان''' is used in a sentence you must be extra careful in determining the subject and object of the verb, just as with '''ليس'''. If you have the '''ليس''' business down, you should have no problem with '''كان'''. | As you can see, whenever '''كان''' is used in a sentence you must be extra careful in determining the subject and object of the verb, just as with '''ليس'''. If you have the '''ليس''' business down, you should have no problem with '''كان'''. | ||
'''كان''' is used to form a number of compound tenses such as the pluperfect, the future perfect, past future, past habitual and past progressive. | '''كان''' is used to form a number of compound tenses such as the pluperfect, the future perfect, past future, past habitual and past progressive. | ||
| Line 231: | Line 247: | ||
| | | | ||
١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. | ١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. | ||
|Audio | |||
[[Help/How-to-add-audio-files|Add Audio]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
|''' 2. Samir had studied Arabic.''' | |''' 2. Samir had studied Arabic.''' | ||
| | | | ||
٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. | ٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|''' 3. We were going to go to the Middle East.''' | |''' 3. We were going to go to the Middle East.''' | ||
| | | | ||
٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. | ٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|''' 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students.''' | |''' 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students.''' | ||
| | | | ||
٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. | ٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|''' 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year.''' | |''' 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year.''' | ||
| | | | ||
٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة | ٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|''' 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances.''' | |''' 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances.''' | ||
| | | | ||
٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة | ٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة | ||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Learn-Arabic-Grammar|Learn Arabic Grammar]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Negations|Negations]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Word-order|Word order]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Coordination-words|Coordination words]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/DEMONSTRATIVE-PRONOUNS|DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/NOMINATIVE-SEPARATE-PERSONAL-PRONOUNS|NOMINATIVE SEPARATE PERSONAL PRONOUNS]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-to-write-in-the-imperfect|Conjugation of the verb to write in the imperfect]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Plural|Plural]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/THE-DECLENSION-OF-THE-DUAL|THE DECLENSION OF THE DUAL]] | |||
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] | |||
<span links></span> | |||
Latest revision as of 20:19, 26 March 2023
In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb TO BE in Arabic. The Arabic verb “to be” is كانَ (kāna).
After mastering this lesson, you may find these related subjects intriguing: Future Tense, The definite and indefinite articles, Give your Opinion & Third conditional and mixed conditionals.
Present tense[edit | edit source]
| English | Arabic | Pronunciation | Example English | Example Arabic | Example pronunciation | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I am | أكونُ | akūnu | I am beautiful | أنا اكون جميل | ||
| you (male, single.) are | تَكونُ | takūnu | you are beautiful | أنتَ تكون جميل | ||
| you (female, single.) are | تَكونينَ | takūnīna | you are beautiful | أنتِ تكونين جميلة | ||
| he is | يَكونُ | yakūnu | he is beautiful | هو يكون جميل | ||
| she is | تَكونُ | takūnu | she is beautiful | هي تكون جميلة | ||
| you (dual) are | تكونانِ | takūnani | you are beautiful | أنتما تكونان جميلان | ||
| they (m, dual) are | يَكونانِ | yakūnāni | you are beautiful | هما يكونا جميلان | ||
| they (f, dual) are | تَكونانِ | takūnāni | they are beautiful | أنتما تكونا جميلان | ||
| we are | نَكونُ | nakūnu | we are beautiful | نحن نكون جميلون | ||
| you (m, pl.) are | تَكونونَ | takūnūna | you are beautiful | أنتم تكونون جميلون | ||
| you (f, pl.) are | تَكُنَّ | takunna | you are beautiful | أنتنّ تكن جميلات | ||
| they (m) are | يَكونونَ | yakūnūna | they are beautiful | هم يكونون جميلون | ||
| they (f) are | يَكُنَّ | yakunna | they are beautiful | هن تكن جميلات |
Past tense[edit | edit source]
| English | Arabic | Pronunciation | Example English | Example Arabic | Example pronunciation | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I was | كُنتُ | kuntu | I was beautiful | انا كنت جميل | ||
| you (m, sing.) were | كُنتَ | kunta | you were beautiful | انت كنت جميل | ||
| you (f, sing.) were | كُنتِ | kunti | you were beautiful | انت كنت جميلة | ||
| he was | كانَ | kāna | he was beautiful | هو كان جميل | ||
| she was | كانًت | kānat | she was beautiful | هي كانت جميلة | ||
| you (dual) were | كُنتُما | kuntumā | you were beautiful | انتما كنتما جميلتان | ||
| they (m, dual) were | كنتا | they were beautiful | هما كنا جميلون | |||
| they (f, dual) were | كنتا | kanta | they were beautiful | هما كنتا جميلتان | ||
| we were | كُنّا | kunnā | we were beautiful | نحن كنا جميلون | ||
| you (m, pl.) were | كُنتُم | kuntum | you were beautiful | انتم كنتم جميلون | ||
| you (f, pl.) were | كُنتُنَّ | kuntunna | you were beautiful | انتن كنتن جميلات | ||
| they (m) were | كانوا | kānū | they were beautiful | هم كانو جميلون | ||
| they (f) were | كُنَّ | kunna | they were beautiful | هن كن جميلات |
As you can see, whenever كان is used in a sentence you must be extra careful in determining the subject and object of the verb, just as with ليس. If you have the ليس business down, you should have no problem with كان.
كان is used to form a number of compound tenses such as the pluperfect, the future perfect, past future, past habitual and past progressive.
Examples[edit | edit source]
Below are some examples.
| 1. I had studied Arabic. |
١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. |
Audio |
| 2. Samir had studied Arabic. |
٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. |
|
| 3. We were going to go to the Middle East. |
٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. |
|
| 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students. |
٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. |
|
| 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year. |
٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة |
|
| 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances. |
٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة |
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Learn Arabic Grammar
- Negations
- Word order
- Coordination words
- DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
- NOMINATIVE SEPARATE PERSONAL PRONOUNS
- Conjugation of the verb to write in the imperfect
- Plural
- THE DECLENSION OF THE DUAL
- Plurals