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{{Armenian-Page-Top}}
{{Armenian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Sentence Structure → Noun and Pronoun</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Noun and Pronoun</div>
 
In our journey through the Armenian language, nouns and pronouns are fundamental building blocks that will enable you to express ideas, identify objects, and refer to people in your conversations. Understanding these concepts will not only enhance your vocabulary but will also improve your ability to form sentences and communicate effectively.
 
In this lesson, we will explore the following topics:
 
* '''What is a Noun?'''
 
* '''Types of Nouns in Armenian'''
 
* Common Nouns
 
* Proper Nouns
 
* Abstract Nouns
 
* Collective Nouns
 
* '''Noun Gender and Plurals'''
 
* '''What is a Pronoun?'''
 
* '''Types of Pronouns'''
 
* Personal Pronouns
 
* Possessive Pronouns
 
* Demonstrative Pronouns
 
* Interrogative Pronouns
 
* '''Examples and Practice Exercises'''
 
Let’s dive into these exciting realms of the Armenian language!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== What is a Noun? ===
In this lesson, we will delve into the concepts of Noun and Pronoun in the Armenian language. Understanding these fundamental elements of sentence structure is crucial for building a strong foundation in Armenian grammar. We will explore the different types of nouns, their declension patterns, and their role in sentence construction. Additionally, we will examine the various types of pronouns and their usage in different contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use nouns and pronouns effectively in Armenian sentences.


== Nouns ==
A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. In Armenian, nouns are vital for everything you will express, from simple sentences to complex ideas.  
A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. In Armenian, nouns are classified into different categories based on their gender, number, and case. Let's explore each of these aspects in detail.


=== Gender ===
=== Types of Nouns in Armenian ===
Armenian nouns have two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine. The gender of a noun is determined by its ending. Masculine nouns typically end in a consonant, while feminine nouns end in a vowel. However, there are exceptions to this rule, and some nouns have irregular gender assignments.


To illustrate this, let's look at some examples:
== Common Nouns
 
Common nouns refer to general items, such as objects or concepts. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| տղա || tgha || boy (masculine)
 
| տուն || tun || house
 
|-
|-
| գործ || gorts || work (masculine)
 
| դպրոց || dproutz || school
 
|-
|-
| կին || kin || girl (feminine)
 
| գիրք || girk || book
 
|-
|-
| գնացած || gnatsats || gone (feminine)
 
| մեքենա || mek'yena || car
 
|-
 
| մարդ || mard || person
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the gender of a noun can sometimes be unpredictable. It is important to learn the gender of each noun individually, as it affects the declension patterns and the formation of other parts of speech.
== Proper Nouns


=== Number ===
Proper nouns refer to specific names of people, places, or organizations. Here’s how they look in Armenian:
Armenian nouns can be singular or plural. The plural form is usually formed by adding a suffix to the singular form. The specific suffix used depends on the noun's gender and declension pattern. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| գիտակ || gitak || cat (singular)
 
| Հայաստան || Hayastan || Armenia
 
|-
|-
| գիտակներ || gitakner || cats (plural)
 
| Արագած || Aragat || Aragats (mountain)
 
|-
|-
| անգլերեն || angleren || English (singular)
 
| Աննա || Anna || Anna (name)
 
|-
|-
| անգլերեններ || anglerennner || English (plural)
|}


As you can see, the formation of the plural form is not always predictable. Some nouns undergo changes in their stem or ending when forming the plural.
| Երևանի || Yerevani || Yerevan


=== Case ===
|-
Armenian nouns have seven grammatical cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative, instrumental, and locative. Each case has its own suffixes and is used to indicate the noun's role or relationship in a sentence. Let's explore each case in detail:


==== Nominative Case ====
| Գյումրի || Gyumri || Gyumri
The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence. In Armenian, the nominative case is usually the base form of the noun, without any suffixes. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| երբեք || yerbeq || bird
|-
| աղ || agh || fish
|-
| անգամ || angam || time
|-
| հայր || hayr || father
|}
|}


In these examples, the nouns remain in their base form as they function as the subject of the sentence.
== Abstract Nouns


==== Genitive Case ====
Abstract nouns represent ideas, qualities, or conditions that cannot be perceived by the senses. Here are some examples:
The genitive case is used to indicate possession or origin. In Armenian, the genitive case is formed by adding the suffix "-ի" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| սիրո || siro || love
|-
|-
| անապատ || anapat || house
 
| խաղաղություն || khaghaghut'yun || peace
 
|-
|-
| անապատի || anapati || of the house
 
| իմաստ || imast || meaning
 
|-
|-
| գրության || grutyani || of the book
 
| երջանկություն || yerjankut'yun || happiness
 
|-
|-
| երաժշտական || erazhstakan || of the musician
 
| վստահություն || vstahut'yun || confidence
 
|}
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ի" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate possession or origin.
== Collective Nouns


==== Dative Case ====
Collective nouns refer to groups of people or things. Let’s look at some examples:
The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object of a sentence. In Armenian, the dative case is formed by adding the suffix "-ին" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| երաժշտ || erazhst || musician
 
| ընտանիք || untanik || family
 
|-
|-
| երաժշտին || erazhstin || to the musician
 
| դաս || das || class
 
|-
|-
| գրության || grutyani || to the book
 
| բանակ || banak || army
 
|-
|-
| մարտին || martin || to March
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ին" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate the indirect object of the sentence.
| խումբ || khumb || group


==== Accusative Case ====
|-
The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of a sentence. In Armenian, the accusative case is formed by adding the suffix "-ն" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:
 
| ժողովրդի || zhoghovrdi || nation


{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| մարդ || mard || person
|-
| մարդը || mardë || the person
|-
| մայր || mayr || mother
|-
| մայրը || mayrë || the mother
|}
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ն" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate the direct object of the sentence.
=== Noun Gender and Plurals ===


==== Ablative Case ====
In Armenian, nouns have genders – masculine or feminine. This distinction can affect the adjectives used with the nouns and sometimes even the verbs.
The ablative case is used to indicate movement away from a location. In Armenian, the ablative case is formed by adding the suffix "-ից" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
== Masculine and Feminine Nouns
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
* Masculine nouns usually end in consonants or the vowel "ա" (a).
| մարտ || mart || March
|-
| մարտից || martits || from March
|-
| բաժակ || bazhak || glass
|-
| բաժակից || bazhakits || from the glass
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ից" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate movement away from a location.
* Feminine nouns often end in "ե" (e) or "ա" (a).


==== Instrumental Case ====
Here are examples of masculine and feminine nouns:
The instrumental case is used to indicate the means or instrument by which an action is performed. In Armenian, the instrumental case is formed by adding the suffix "-ով" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English !! Gender
 
|-
|-
| ձեռք || dzherk || hand
 
| տղա || tgha || boy || Masculine
 
|-
|-
| ձեռքով || dzherkov || with the hand
 
| աղջիկ || aghjik || girl || Feminine
 
|-
|-
| բաժակ || bazhak || glass
 
| հայր || hayr || father || Masculine
 
|-
|-
| բաժակով || bazhakov || with the glass
 
| մայր || mayr || mother || Feminine
 
|}
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ով" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate the means or instrument.
== Plural Forms


==== Locative Case ====
To make nouns plural in Armenian, you typically add "-ներ" (-ner) for both masculine and feminine nouns. Here’s how it works:
The locative case is used to indicate location or place. In Armenian, the locative case is formed by adding the suffix "-ում" to the singular form of the noun. Let's look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Armenian (Singular) !! Pronunciation !! Armenian (Plural) !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| բաժակ || bazhak || glass
 
| տղա || tgha || տղաներ || tghaner || boys
 
|-
|-
| բաժակում || bazhakum || in the glass
 
| աղջիկ || aghjik || աղջիկներ || aghjikner || girls
 
|-
|-
| բույս || buis || garden
 
| դպրոց || dproutz || դպրոցներ || dproutzner || schools
 
|-
|-
| բույսում || buisum || in the garden
 
| մեքենա || mek'yena || մեքենաներ || mek'yenaner || cars
 
|}
|}


In these examples, the suffix "-ում" is added to the singular form of the noun to indicate location or place.
=== What is a Pronoun? ===


=== Declension Patterns ===
Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence, allowing for smoother and less repetitive communication. They help you avoid saying the same noun over and over again.
Armenian nouns can be classified into different declension patterns based on their gender, ending, and declension type. Each declension pattern has its own set of suffixes for the different cases. Let's explore the most common declension patterns for masculine and feminine nouns.


==== Masculine Nouns ====
=== Types of Pronouns ===
Most masculine nouns in Armenian belong to one of three declension patterns: "աղբ," "սեռ," or "արագ." These patterns determine the suffixes used in the different cases. Let's look at some examples:


==== Feminine Nouns ====
== Personal Pronouns
Most feminine nouns in Armenian belong to one of four declension patterns: "այգ," "աղ," "ուս," or "այբ." These patterns determine the suffixes used in the different cases. Let's look at some examples:


== Pronouns ==
Personal pronouns refer to specific persons or things. In Armenian, they change form based on the grammatical case. Here’s a breakdown:
Pronouns are words that are used to replace nouns in a sentence. They are used to avoid repetition and make sentences more concise. In Armenian, pronouns have different forms based on their function and the case they are used in. Let's explore the different types of pronouns in Armenian.


=== Personal Pronouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
Personal pronouns in Armenian are used to refer to specific persons or things. They have different forms based on the person (first, second, or third) and number (singular or plural). Let's look at the personal pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ես || es || I
 
| ես || yes || I
 
|-
|-
| դու || du || you (singular)
| դու || du || you (singular)
|-
|-
| նա || na || he/she/it
| նա || na || he/she/it
|-
|-
| մենք || menk || we
| մենք || menk || we
|-
|-
| դուք || duk || you (plural)
 
| դուք || douk || you (plural/formal)
 
|-
|-
| նրանք || nrank || they
| նրանք || nrank || they
|}
|}


These personal pronouns can be used as the subject or object of a sentence, depending on their function.
== Possessive Pronouns


=== Possessive Pronouns ===
Possessive pronouns indicate ownership. Here are examples in Armenian:
Possessive pronouns in Armenian are used to indicate possession or ownership. They have different forms based on the gender and number of the noun being possessed. Let's look at the possessive pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| իմ || im || my
| իմ || im || my
|-
|-
| քո || ko || your (singular)
| քո || ko || your (singular)
|-
|-
| նրա || nra || his/her/its
| նրա || nra || his/her/its
|-
|-
| մեր || mer || our
| մեր || mer || our
|-
|-
| ձեր || jer || your (plural)
 
| ձեր || dzer || your (plural/formal)
 
|-
|-
| նրանքից || nrankits || their
 
| նրանց || nrants || their
 
|}
|}


These possessive pronouns agree in gender and number with the noun being possessed.
== Demonstrative Pronouns


=== Demonstrative Pronouns ===
Demonstrative pronouns point to specific things or persons. In Armenian, they are:
Demonstrative pronouns in Armenian are used to point out specific persons or things. They have different forms based on the distance from the speaker and the gender of the noun being referred to. Let's look at the demonstrative pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| այս || ays || this (near)
 
| այս || ays || this
 
|-
|-
| այդ || ayd || that (far)
 
| այն || ayn || that
 
|-
|-
| այն || ayn || that (distant)
 
| այս մարդիկ || ays mardyq || these people
 
|-
|-
| սահմանափակ || sahmanapak || such
 
|-
| այդ մարդիկ || ayd mardyq || those people
| այդպես || aydpes || like that
 
|}
|}


These demonstrative pronouns agree in gender with the noun being referred to.
== Interrogative Pronouns


=== Interrogative Pronouns ===
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. Here’s how they look in Armenian:
Interrogative pronouns in Armenian are used to ask questions about persons or things. They have different forms based on the gender and number of the noun being referred to. Let's look at the interrogative pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ո՞վ || ov || who
 
| ով || ov || who
 
|-
|-
| ի՞նչ || inch || what
 
| ինչ || inch || what
 
|-
|-
| որի՞նք || vorink || which
 
| որտեղ || vordeq || where
 
|-
|-
| որտե՞ղ || vortegh || where
 
| ե՞րբ || yerb || when
 
|-
|-
| ի՞նչպե՞ս || inchpes || how
 
| ինչպես || inchpes || how
 
|}
|}


These interrogative pronouns can be used to ask questions about specific persons or things.
=== Examples and Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that we’ve explored nouns and pronouns, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to help reinforce what you’ve learned.
 
==== Exercise 1: Identify the Nouns ====
 
Identify the nouns in the following sentences and classify them as common, proper, abstract, or collective.
 
1. Իմ մայրն ուսուցիչ է։ (My mother is a teacher.)
 
2. Հայաստանում գեղեցիկ բնություն կա։ (There is beautiful nature in Armenia.)
 
3. Երեխաները խաղում են դպրոցում։ (The children are playing at school.)
 
4. Սիրո ուժը շատ մեծ է։ (The power of love is very great.)
 
''Answers:''
 
1. մայր (proper), ուսուցիչ (common)
 
2. Հայաստան (proper), բնություն (common)
 
3. երեխաները (collective), դպրոցում (common)
 
4. սիրո (abstract), ուժ (common)
 
==== Exercise 2: Noun Gender Identification ====
 
Determine the gender of the following nouns:
 
1. մեքենա
 
2. տղա
 
3. մայր
 
4. դաս
 
''Answers:''
 
1. մեքենա (feminine)
 
2. տղա (masculine)
 
3. մայր (feminine)
 
4. դաս (masculine)
 
==== Exercise 3: Plural Forms ====
 
Convert the following singular nouns to plural nouns:
 
1. աղջիկ
 
2. տուն
 
3. դպրոց
 
4. ծաղիկ
 
''Answers:''
 
1. աղջիկներ
 
2. տներ
 
3. դպրոցներ
 
4. ծաղիկներ
 
==== Exercise 4: Pronoun Replacement ====
 
Replace the nouns with the appropriate personal pronouns:
 
1. Աննան գնում է այգի։ (Anna is going to the park.)
 
2. Ես սիրում եմ գիրք։ (I love the book.)
 
3. Մարդիկ գալիս են։ (The people are coming.)
 
''Answers:''
 
1. Նա գնում է այգի։
 
2. Ես սիրում եմ այն։
 
3. Նրանք գալիս են։
 
==== Exercise 5: Pronoun Identification ====
 
Identify the type of pronoun used in the following sentences:
 
1. Այս գիրքը շատ հետաքրքիր է։ (This book is very interesting.)
 
2. Ով է այստեղ։ (Who is here?)
 
3. Այդ աղջիկը իմ ընկերուհին է։ (That girl is my friend.)
 
''Answers:''
 
1. Demonstrative pronoun
 
2. Interrogative pronoun
 
3. Demonstrative pronoun
 
==== Exercise 6: Possessive Pronouns ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive pronouns:
 
1. Սա իմ ___ է։ (This is my ___.)
 
2. Դու քո ___ պետք է բերես։ (You should bring your ___.)


=== Reflexive Pronouns ===
''Answers:''
Reflexive pronouns in Armenian are used to indicate that the subject of the sentence is also the object of the action. They have different forms based on the person and number of the subject. Let's look at the reflexive pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
1. տուն
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
2. գիրքը
| ինչքա՞ն || inchk'an || oneself
 
|-
==== Exercise 7: Match the Pronouns ====
| ինչքե՞ս || inchkes || ourselves
 
|-
Match the following pronouns to their English equivalents:
| ի՞նչն || inchn || yourself (singular)
 
|-
1. ես
| ի՞նչնես || inchnes || yourselves (plural)
 
|}
2. դու
 
3. նա
 
4. մենք
 
''Answers:''
 
1. I
 
2. you (singular)
 
3. he/she/it
 
4. we
 
==== Exercise 8: Translate the Nouns ====
 
Translate the following nouns from English to Armenian:
 
1. family
 
2. happiness
 
3. school
 
4. car
 
''Answers:''
 
1. ընտանիք
 
2. երջանկություն
 
3. դպրոց
 
4. մեքենա
 
==== Exercise 9: Sentence Creation ====
 
Create sentences using the following nouns and pronouns:
 
1. հայր (father)
 
2. նրանք (they)
 
3. դպրոց (school)
 
''Answers:''
 
1. Իմ հայրն լավ մարդ է։ (My father is a good man.)


These reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and object of the sentence refer to the same person or thing.
2. Նրանք խաղում են այգում։ (They are playing in the park.)


=== Relative Pronouns ===
3. Դպրոցը շատ հետաքրքիր է։ (The school is very interesting.)
Relative pronouns in Armenian are used to introduce relative clauses, which provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in the main clause. They have different forms based on the gender and number of the noun being referred to. Let's look at the relative pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
==== Exercise 10: Fill in the Blanks ====
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| որ || vor || who/that
|-
| որը || vore || whom/that
|-
| ինչպես || inchpes || which/that
|-
| որտեղ || vortegh || where
|-
| որով || vorov || with which
|}


These relative pronouns introduce relative clauses and agree in gender with the noun being referred to.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the nouns or pronouns:


=== Indefinite Pronouns ===
1. ___ (I) սիրում եմ ___ (book)։
Indefinite pronouns in Armenian are used to refer to nonspecific persons or things. They have different forms based on the gender and number of the noun being referred to. Let's look at the indefinite pronouns in Armenian:


{| class="wikitable"
2. ___ (they) գնացին ___ (park)։
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ում || um || someone
|-
| ովքեր || ovker || some
|-
| ո՞ւմ || um || anyone
|-
| որեւստե՞ղ || vorevstegh || anywhere
|-
| ո՞ւմնասիրել || umnasirel || to meet someone
|}


These indefinite pronouns are used when the person or thing being referred to is not specified.
''Answers:''


== Practice Exercises ==
1. Ես սիրում եմ գիրքը։
Now that you have learned about nouns and pronouns in Armenian, let's put your knowledge into practice. Complete the following exercises by choosing the correct noun or pronoun to complete each sentence.  


1. Երբեք ես գնում ես [դու / գիտակներ]ից։
2. Նրանք գնացին այգի։
2. Մեր բաժակը մնաց [տղա / անապատի] մեջ։
3. Տղան տեսարանից դուրս գալուց այն պատվիրվեց [մարդ / բաժակ]ով։
4. Երաժշտը խոսում էր ՝ ինձ հետ խոսելով [նրանց / ինչքան]։
5. Գիտակները գրության մասին կարդան [իմ / նրանց]։


Solutions:
By completing these exercises, you’ll reinforce your understanding of nouns and pronouns in Armenian.
1. Երբեք ես գնում ես գիտակներից։
2. Մեր բաժակը մնաց անապատի մեջ։
3. Տղան տեսարանից դուրս գալուց այն պատվիրվեց բաժակով։
4. Երաժշտը խոսում էր ՝ ինձ հետ խոսելով նրանց։
5. Գիտակները գրության մասին կարդան իմ։


== Conclusion ==
Remember, practice makes perfect! Use these concepts in your daily conversations and writing to become more fluent in Armenian.
In this comprehensive lesson, we have explored the concepts of Noun and Pronoun in the Armenian language. We have learned about the different types of nouns, their declension patterns, and their role in sentence construction. Additionally, we have studied the various types of pronouns and their usage in different contexts. By understanding and practicing the usage of nouns and pronouns, you will be able to construct grammatically correct sentences and effectively communicate in Armenian. Keep practicing and building on this knowledge as you progress in your Armenian language journey.


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|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the concepts of Noun and Pronoun in the Armenian language. We will explore the different types of nouns, their declension patterns, and their role in sentence construction. Additionally, we will study the various types of pronouns and their usage in different contexts.
 
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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 07:00, 1 August 2024


Armenian-Language-Polyglotclub.png
Armenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Noun and Pronoun

In our journey through the Armenian language, nouns and pronouns are fundamental building blocks that will enable you to express ideas, identify objects, and refer to people in your conversations. Understanding these concepts will not only enhance your vocabulary but will also improve your ability to form sentences and communicate effectively.

In this lesson, we will explore the following topics:

  • What is a Noun?
  • Types of Nouns in Armenian
  • Common Nouns
  • Proper Nouns
  • Abstract Nouns
  • Collective Nouns
  • Noun Gender and Plurals
  • What is a Pronoun?
  • Types of Pronouns
  • Personal Pronouns
  • Possessive Pronouns
  • Demonstrative Pronouns
  • Interrogative Pronouns
  • Examples and Practice Exercises

Let’s dive into these exciting realms of the Armenian language!

What is a Noun?[edit | edit source]

A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. In Armenian, nouns are vital for everything you will express, from simple sentences to complex ideas.

Types of Nouns in Armenian[edit | edit source]

== Common Nouns

Common nouns refer to general items, such as objects or concepts. Here are some examples:

Armenian Pronunciation English
տուն tun house
դպրոց dproutz school
գիրք girk book
մեքենա mek'yena car
մարդ mard person

== Proper Nouns

Proper nouns refer to specific names of people, places, or organizations. Here’s how they look in Armenian:

Armenian Pronunciation English
Հայաստան Hayastan Armenia
Արագած Aragat Aragats (mountain)
Աննա Anna Anna (name)
Երևանի Yerevani Yerevan
Գյումրի Gyumri Gyumri

== Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns represent ideas, qualities, or conditions that cannot be perceived by the senses. Here are some examples:

Armenian Pronunciation English
սիրո siro love
խաղաղություն khaghaghut'yun peace
իմաստ imast meaning
երջանկություն yerjankut'yun happiness
վստահություն vstahut'yun confidence

== Collective Nouns

Collective nouns refer to groups of people or things. Let’s look at some examples:

Armenian Pronunciation English
ընտանիք untanik family
դաս das class
բանակ banak army
խումբ khumb group
ժողովրդի zhoghovrdi nation

Noun Gender and Plurals[edit | edit source]

In Armenian, nouns have genders – masculine or feminine. This distinction can affect the adjectives used with the nouns and sometimes even the verbs.

== Masculine and Feminine Nouns

  • Masculine nouns usually end in consonants or the vowel "ա" (a).
  • Feminine nouns often end in "ե" (e) or "ա" (a).

Here are examples of masculine and feminine nouns:

Armenian Pronunciation English Gender
տղա tgha boy Masculine
աղջիկ aghjik girl Feminine
հայր hayr father Masculine
մայր mayr mother Feminine

== Plural Forms

To make nouns plural in Armenian, you typically add "-ներ" (-ner) for both masculine and feminine nouns. Here’s how it works:

Armenian (Singular) Pronunciation Armenian (Plural) Pronunciation English
տղա tgha տղաներ tghaner boys
աղջիկ aghjik աղջիկներ aghjikner girls
դպրոց dproutz դպրոցներ dproutzner schools
մեքենա mek'yena մեքենաներ mek'yenaner cars

What is a Pronoun?[edit | edit source]

Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence, allowing for smoother and less repetitive communication. They help you avoid saying the same noun over and over again.

Types of Pronouns[edit | edit source]

== Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns refer to specific persons or things. In Armenian, they change form based on the grammatical case. Here’s a breakdown:

Armenian Pronunciation English
ես yes I
դու du you (singular)
նա na he/she/it
մենք menk we
դուք douk you (plural/formal)
նրանք nrank they

== Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns indicate ownership. Here are examples in Armenian:

Armenian Pronunciation English
իմ im my
քո ko your (singular)
նրա nra his/her/its
մեր mer our
ձեր dzer your (plural/formal)
նրանց nrants their

== Demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns point to specific things or persons. In Armenian, they are:

Armenian Pronunciation English
այս ays this
այն ayn that
այս մարդիկ ays mardyq these people
այդ մարդիկ ayd mardyq those people

== Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. Here’s how they look in Armenian:

Armenian Pronunciation English
ով ov who
ինչ inch what
որտեղ vordeq where
ե՞րբ yerb when
ինչպես inchpes how

Examples and Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve explored nouns and pronouns, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to help reinforce what you’ve learned.

Exercise 1: Identify the Nouns[edit | edit source]

Identify the nouns in the following sentences and classify them as common, proper, abstract, or collective.

1. Իմ մայրն ուսուցիչ է։ (My mother is a teacher.)

2. Հայաստանում գեղեցիկ բնություն կա։ (There is beautiful nature in Armenia.)

3. Երեխաները խաղում են դպրոցում։ (The children are playing at school.)

4. Սիրո ուժը շատ մեծ է։ (The power of love is very great.)

Answers:

1. մայր (proper), ուսուցիչ (common)

2. Հայաստան (proper), բնություն (common)

3. երեխաները (collective), դպրոցում (common)

4. սիրո (abstract), ուժ (common)

Exercise 2: Noun Gender Identification[edit | edit source]

Determine the gender of the following nouns:

1. մեքենա

2. տղա

3. մայր

4. դաս

Answers:

1. մեքենա (feminine)

2. տղա (masculine)

3. մայր (feminine)

4. դաս (masculine)

Exercise 3: Plural Forms[edit | edit source]

Convert the following singular nouns to plural nouns:

1. աղջիկ

2. տուն

3. դպրոց

4. ծաղիկ

Answers:

1. աղջիկներ

2. տներ

3. դպրոցներ

4. ծաղիկներ

Exercise 4: Pronoun Replacement[edit | edit source]

Replace the nouns with the appropriate personal pronouns:

1. Աննան գնում է այգի։ (Anna is going to the park.)

2. Ես սիրում եմ գիրք։ (I love the book.)

3. Մարդիկ գալիս են։ (The people are coming.)

Answers:

1. Նա գնում է այգի։

2. Ես սիրում եմ այն։

3. Նրանք գալիս են։

Exercise 5: Pronoun Identification[edit | edit source]

Identify the type of pronoun used in the following sentences:

1. Այս գիրքը շատ հետաքրքիր է։ (This book is very interesting.)

2. Ով է այստեղ։ (Who is here?)

3. Այդ աղջիկը իմ ընկերուհին է։ (That girl is my friend.)

Answers:

1. Demonstrative pronoun

2. Interrogative pronoun

3. Demonstrative pronoun

Exercise 6: Possessive Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive pronouns:

1. Սա իմ ___ է։ (This is my ___.)

2. Դու քո ___ պետք է բերես։ (You should bring your ___.)

Answers:

1. տուն

2. գիրքը

Exercise 7: Match the Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Match the following pronouns to their English equivalents:

1. ես

2. դու

3. նա

4. մենք

Answers:

1. I

2. you (singular)

3. he/she/it

4. we

Exercise 8: Translate the Nouns[edit | edit source]

Translate the following nouns from English to Armenian:

1. family

2. happiness

3. school

4. car

Answers:

1. ընտանիք

2. երջանկություն

3. դպրոց

4. մեքենա

Exercise 9: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following nouns and pronouns:

1. հայր (father)

2. նրանք (they)

3. դպրոց (school)

Answers:

1. Իմ հայրն լավ մարդ է։ (My father is a good man.)

2. Նրանք խաղում են այգում։ (They are playing in the park.)

3. Դպրոցը շատ հետաքրքիր է։ (The school is very interesting.)

Exercise 10: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the nouns or pronouns:

1. ___ (I) սիրում եմ ___ (book)։

2. ___ (they) գնացին ___ (park)։

Answers:

1. Ես սիրում եմ գիրքը։

2. Նրանք գնացին այգի։

By completing these exercises, you’ll reinforce your understanding of nouns and pronouns in Armenian.

Remember, practice makes perfect! Use these concepts in your daily conversations and writing to become more fluent in Armenian.

Table of Contents - Armenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Numbers and Time


Basic Sentence Structure


Family and Relationships


Nouns and Pronouns


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Armenian Traditions and Customs

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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