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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Czech|Czech]]  → [[Language/Czech/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Czech/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and Adverbs → Introduction to Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Czech|Czech]]  → [[Language/Czech/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Czech/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Adjectives</div>
 
In learning a new language, adjectives can be delightful companions to nouns. They add color and depth to the things we describe, transforming simple statements into rich, vivid images. In Czech, adjectives play a crucial role, influencing not just the words they modify but also the structure of sentences. Understanding adjectives will enhance your ability to express nuances and details, making your communication in Czech more effective and engaging.
 
In this lesson, we will embark on a journey through the world of Czech adjectives. We will explore their forms, how they agree with nouns, and how we can compare them. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation that will serve you well in your Czech language journey.


__TOC__
__TOC__


Introduction:
=== Importance of Adjectives in Czech ===
 
Adjectives in Czech serve several key functions:
 
* '''Descriptive''': They describe qualities of nouns (e.g., a beautiful flower).
 
* '''Limiting''': They can limit or specify nouns (e.g., the first book).
 
* '''Comparative''': They allow us to compare different nouns (e.g., taller, smarter).
 
Understanding how to use adjectives correctly is essential for building sentences that convey precise meanings. Now, let's dive into the specifics!
 
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
This lesson is structured as follows:
 
1. '''Introduction to Czech Adjectives'''
 
2. '''Agreement of Adjectives with Nouns'''
 
3. '''Forms of Comparison'''
 
4. '''Examples of Adjectives in Use'''
 
5. '''Practice Exercises'''
 
6. '''Conclusion'''
 
== Introduction to Czech Adjectives ==
 
In Czech, adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. This means that the form of the adjective changes depending on the noun it is describing. In Czech, nouns are categorized into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
 
=== Types of Adjectives ===
 
Czech adjectives can be broadly categorized into:
 
'' '''Qualitative Adjectives''': Describe qualities (e.g., ''krásný* - beautiful).
 
'' '''Relative Adjectives''': Derive from nouns and describe relationships (e.g., ''mateřský* - maternal).
 
=== Agreement of Adjectives with Nouns ===


Welcome to the lesson on Czech adjectives! Adjectives are an essential part of any language as they allow us to describe and provide more information about nouns. In this lesson, we will explore the basics of Czech adjectives, including their agreement with nouns and their comparison forms. Understanding how to use adjectives correctly will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Czech and express yourself more precisely. So let's dive in!
Adjectives in Czech must agree with the nouns they describe in:


== Agreement with Nouns ==
* '''Gender''': Masculine, feminine, or neuter.


Czech adjectives, like nouns, must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify. This means that the form of the adjective changes depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes. Let's take a closer look at each of these factors:
* '''Number''': Singular or plural.


=== Gender ===
* '''Case''': The role the noun plays in the sentence.


In Czech, there are three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of the noun determines the form of the adjective. Adjectives ending in -ý or -í in their masculine form will change their endings to match the gender of the noun. Here are some examples:
Here’s a quick overview of how adjectives agree with nouns:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Gender !! Singular Form !! Plural Form
 
|-
|-
| velký stůl || ['vɛlkiː stuːl] || big table (masculine)
 
| Masculine || -ý (e.g., ''hezký'' - handsome) || (e.g., ''hezcí'')
 
|-
|-
| velká židle || ['vɛlkaː ʒɪdlɛ] || big chair (feminine)
 
| Feminine || -á (e.g., ''hezká'' - beautiful) || (e.g., ''hezké'')
 
|-
|-
| velké okno || ['vɛlkeː ɔkno] || big window (neuter)
 
| Neuter || -é (e.g., ''hezké'' - nice) || (e.g., ''hezké'')
 
|}
|}


=== Number ===
As you can see, the endings change based on the gender and number. This means that if you are describing a masculine singular noun, you would use the masculine singular form of the adjective.
 
=== Forms of Comparison ===
 
Czech adjectives can also be compared using three forms:
 
1. '''Positive''': The base form of the adjective (e.g., ''velký'' - big).
 
2. '''Comparative''': Used to compare two things (e.g., ''větší'' - bigger).
 
3. '''Superlative''': Used to express the highest degree (e.g., ''největší'' - the biggest).


Czech nouns can be either singular or plural, and adjectives must agree with the number of the noun they modify. Adjectives ending in -ý in their singular form will change their endings to -í in their plural form. Let's see some examples:
Here’s how these forms look in a table:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Form !! Czech !! English
 
|-
|-
| malý pes || ['malɪː pɛs] || small dog (singular)
 
| Positive || velký || big
 
|-
|-
| malí psi || ['maliː psiː] || small dogs (plural)
 
| Comparative || větší || bigger
 
|-
|-
| malá kočka || ['malaː kɔtʃka] || small cat (singular)
 
|-
| Superlative || největší || the biggest
| malé kočky || ['malɛː kɔtʃkiː] || small cats (plural)
 
|}
|}


=== Case ===
== Examples of Adjectives in Use ==


Czech is an inflected language, which means that nouns and adjectives change their form depending on the case they are in. Adjectives must agree with the case of the noun they modify. Let's look at some examples:
To illustrate how adjectives function in sentences, here are several examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| hezký dům || ˈɦɛskiː duːm || beautiful house
|-
|-
| hezký dům || ['hɛskiː duːm] || beautiful house (nominative)
 
| malá kočka || ˈmalaː ˈkoʧka || small cat
 
|-
 
| rychlý vlak || ˈrɪxliː vlaːk || fast train
 
|-
|-
| hezkého domu || ['hɛskeːɦɔ dɔmuː] || beautiful house (genitive)
 
| starý stůl || ˈstarɪː stuːl || old table
 
|-
|-
| hezkému domu || ['hɛskeːmuː dɔmuː] || beautiful house (dative)
 
| nový telefon || ˈnovaːɪ ˈtɛlɛfɔn || new phone
 
|-
|-
| hezký dům || ['hɛskiː duːm] || beautiful house (accusative)
 
| modrá kniha || ˈmodraː ˈkɲiːɦa || blue book
 
|-
|-
| hezkém domě || ['hɛskeːm dɔmiː] || beautiful house (locative)
 
| zelený strom || ˈzɛlɛnɪː strɔm || green tree
 
|-
|-
| hezkým domem || ['hɛskiːm dɔmɛm] || beautiful house (instrumental)
|}


It's important to note that the endings of adjectives can vary depending on the declension pattern of the noun they modify. We will explore noun declensions in more detail in a future lesson.
| vysoký dům || vɪˈsokɪː duːm || tall house


== Comparison Forms ==
|-


Adjectives in Czech can also be compared, just like in English. There are three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and superlative. Let's take a closer look at each of these forms:
| zajímavý film || ˈzajɪmaːvɪː fɪlm || interesting film


=== Positive ===
|-


The positive form of an adjective is used to describe a noun without making any comparison. It is the simplest form of the adjective. Here are some examples:
| šťastný den || ˈʃtʃastnɪː dɛn || happy day


{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| rychlý pes || ['rɪxliː pɛs] || fast dog
 
| slunné ráno || ˈslunɛː ˈraːno || sunny morning
 
|-
|-
| malý stůl || ['malɪː stuːl] || small table
 
| čerstvý chléb || ˈtʃɛrstvɪː xleːb || fresh bread
 
|-
|-
| hezká květina || ['hɛskaː kvjɛtɪna] || beautiful flower
|}


=== Comparative ===
| horký čaj || ˈhorkiː tʃaɪ || hot tea
 
|-


The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two things or people. In Czech, the comparative form is formed by adding -ší to the stem of the adjective. Let's see some examples:
| příjemný večer || ˈpr̟iːjɛmniː ˈvɛtʃɛr || pleasant evening


{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| rychlejší pes než kočka || ['rɪxlɛjʃiː pɛs nɛʃ kɔtʃka] || faster dog than a cat
 
| krásná zahrada || ˈkraːsnaː ˈzaɦrada || beautiful garden
 
|-
|-
| menší stůl než židle || ['mɛnʃiː stuːl nɛʃ ʒɪdlɛ] || smaller table than a chair
 
| tichý hlas || ˈtɪxɪː ɡlas || quiet voice
 
|-
|-
| hezčí květina než tráva || ['hɛʃtʃiː kvjɛtɪna nɛʃ traːva] || prettier flower than grass
|}


=== Superlative ===
| staré auto || ˈstarɛː ˈautɔ || old car
 
|-


The superlative form of an adjective is used to compare three or more things or people. In Czech, the superlative form is formed by adding -í to the stem of the adjective. Let's look at some examples:
| bílá labuť || ˈbiːlaː ˈlabuʧ || white swan


{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| nejrychlejší pes || ['nɛjrɪxlɛjʃiː pɛs] || the fastest dog
 
| černý pes || ˈtʃɛrnɪː pɛs || black dog
 
|-
|-
| nejmenší stůl || ['nɛjmɛnʃiː stuːl] || the smallest table
 
| teplý svetr || ˈtɛplɪː svɛtr || warm sweater
 
|-
|-
| nejhezčí květina || ['nɛjhɛʃtʃiː kvjɛtɪna] || the prettiest flower
 
| chladný vítr || ˈxladnɪː ˈviːtr || cold wind
 
|}
|}


It's important to note that adjectives in the superlative form can also have their endings changed to match the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify, just like in the agreement with nouns section.
These examples showcase a variety of adjectives in different contexts, helping you grasp their usage in everyday Czech.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now that you've understood the theory behind Czech adjectives, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises:
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in parentheses.
 
1. Mám ____ (nový) auto.
 
2. To je ____ (hezký) dům.
 
3. Vidím ____ (malá) kočka.
 
4. Dáme si ____ (horký) čaj.
 
5. On má ____ (černý) pes.
 
=== Exercise 2: Gender Agreement ===
 
Match the adjective with the correct noun based on gender.
 
1. __ (hezký) dívka
 
2. __ (velký) stůl
 
3. __ (malý) kniha
 
4. __ (modrý) auto


== Recap ==
5. __ (zelený) zahrada


In this lesson, we have covered the basics of Czech adjectives. We discussed the agreement of adjectives with nouns in terms of gender, number, and case. We also explored the comparison forms of adjectives, including the positive, comparative, and superlative forms. Understanding these concepts will greatly improve your ability to describe and compare things in Czech. Practice using adjectives in different contexts and pay attention to their agreement with nouns to reinforce your learning.
=== Exercise 3: Comparative Forms ===


Cultural Insight:
Rewrite the sentences using the comparative form of the adjectives.


Czech adjectives play a crucial role in accurately describing people and objects, which is essential in everyday communication. Czechs take great pride in their language, and using the correct form of adjectives is considered a sign of respect and attention to detail. Czech literature and poetry also heavily rely on the precise use of adjectives to create vivid imagery and evoke emotions. Learning to use adjectives correctly will not only enhance your language skills but also deepen your understanding of Czech culture and artistic expressions.
1. Ten stůl je (velký) než ten.


Exercises:
2. Ta kočka je (rychlý) než ten pes.


1. Provide the correct form of the adjective to match the given noun in gender, number, and case:
3. Můj dům je (malý) než tvůj.


a) velký (big) dům (masculine, singular, genitive)
4. Tento film je (zajímavý) než ten druhý.
b) malá (small) kočka (feminine, plural, nominative)
c) hezké (beautiful) okno (neuter, singular, accusative)


Solutions:
5. Ten chlapec je (silný) než ten.
a) velkého
b) malé kočky
c) hezké


2. Compare the following objects using the comparative form of the given adjective:
=== Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives ===


a) rychlý (fast) pes (dog) and rychlá kočka (cat)
Read the sentences below and underline the adjectives.
b) malý (small) stůl (table) and velká židle (chair)
c) hezká (beautiful) květina (flower) and ošklivý (ugly) strom (tree)


Solutions:
1. Ta červená kniha je zajímavá.
a) rychlejší pes než kočka
b) menší stůl než židle
c) hezčí květina než strom


3. Form the superlative form of the given adjective:
2. Mám novou tašku.


a) rychlý (fast)
3. To je starý dům.
b) malý (small)
c) hezký (beautiful)


Solutions:
4. Viděli jsme krásný film.
a) nejrychlejší
b) nejmenší
c) nejhezčí


Conclusion:
5. Dnes je slunečný den.


Congratulations on completing the lesson on Czech adjectives! You have learned the importance of adjective agreement with nouns in terms of gender, number, and case. You also explored the comparison forms of adjectives, including the positive, comparative, and superlative forms. Remember to practice using adjectives in different contexts and pay attention to their agreement with nouns to reinforce your learning. In the next lesson, we will continue our exploration of Czech grammar by delving into the world of adverbs. Keep up the great work!
=== Exercise 5: Superlative Forms ===
 
Transform the adjectives into their superlative forms.
 
1. (malý) – nejmenší
 
2. (vysoký) – ________
 
3. (starý) – ________
 
4. (mladý) – ________
 
5. (krásný) – ________
 
=== Exercise 6: Translation ===
 
Translate the following sentences to Czech:
 
1. The big dog is friendly.
 
2. She has a beautiful garden.
 
3. This book is interesting.
 
4. They are happy children.
 
5. We saw a small car.
 
=== Exercise 7: Create Sentences ===
 
Create sentences using the following adjectives.
 
1. chytrý (clever)
 
2. teplý (warm)
 
3. rychlý (fast)
 
4. tmavý (dark)
 
5. jasný (bright)
 
=== Exercise 8: Noun-Adjective Agreement ===
 
Choose the correct adjective form for the following nouns.
 
1. (krásný) dívka – ________
 
2. (malý) auto – ________
 
3. (starý) dům – ________
 
4. (zelený) stromy – ________
 
5. (modrý) tašky – ________
 
=== Exercise 9: Sentence Correction ===
 
Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
 
1. On má hezký auto.
 
2. Ta stůl je malý.
 
3. Mám černé kočka.
 
4. Tato kniha je zajímavý.
 
5. Dnes je sluníčko a teplé.
 
=== Exercise 10: Adjective Matching ===
 
Match the adjectives to their meanings:
 
1. hezký
 
2. rychlý
 
3. starý
 
4. modrý
 
5. černý
 
a) old 
 
b) black 
 
c) beautiful 
 
d) fast 
 
e) blue 
 
== Solutions and Explanations ==
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
1. Mám '''nové''' auto. (new)
 
2. To je '''hezký''' dům. (beautiful)
 
3. Vidím '''malou''' kočka. (small)
 
4. Dáme si '''horký''' čaj. (hot)
 
5. On má '''černého''' pes. (black)
 
=== Exercise 2: Gender Agreement ===
 
1. hezká dívka
 
2. velký stůl
 
3. malá kniha
 
4. modré auto
 
5. zelená zahrada
 
=== Exercise 3: Comparative Forms ===
 
1. Ten stůl je '''větší''' než ten.
 
2. Ta kočka je '''rychlejší''' než ten pes.
 
3. Můj dům je '''menší''' než tvůj.
 
4. Tento film je '''zajímavější''' než ten druhý.
 
5. Ten chlapec je '''silnější''' než ten.
 
=== Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives ===
 
1. Ta '''červená''' kniha je '''zajímavá'''.
 
2. Mám '''novou''' tašku.
 
3. To je '''starý''' dům.
 
4. Viděli jsme '''krásný''' film.
 
5. Dnes je '''slunečný''' den.
 
=== Exercise 5: Superlative Forms ===
 
1. (malý) – nejmenší
 
2. (vysoký) – nejvyšší
 
3. (starý) – nejstarší
 
4. (mladý) – nejmladší
 
5. (krásný) – nejkrásnější
 
=== Exercise 6: Translation ===
 
1. Velký pes je přátelský.
 
2. Ona má krásnou zahradu.
 
3. Tato kniha je zajímavá.
 
4. Jsou šťastné děti.
 
5. Viděli jsme malé auto.
 
=== Exercise 7: Create Sentences ===
 
1. Ten chlapec je '''chytrý'''.
 
2. Dnes je '''teplý''' den.
 
3. Mám '''rychlý''' kolo.
 
4. To je '''tmavý''' pokoj.
 
5. Slunce je '''jasné'''.
 
=== Exercise 8: Noun-Adjective Agreement ===
 
1. krásná dívka
 
2. malé auto
 
3. starý dům
 
4. zelené stromy
 
5. modré tašky
 
=== Exercise 9: Sentence Correction ===
 
1. On má '''hezké''' auto.
 
2. Ta '''stůl''' je '''malý'''.
 
3. Mám '''černou''' kočku.
 
4. Tato kniha je '''zajímavá'''.
 
5. Dnes je '''sluníčko''' a '''teplý'''.
 
=== Exercise 10: Adjective Matching ===
 
1. hezký - c) beautiful
 
2. rychlý - d) fast
 
3. starý - a) old
 
4. modrý - e) blue
 
5. černý - b) black
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Congratulations! You've taken your first steps into the vibrant world of Czech adjectives. By understanding their agreement with nouns and how to employ comparative forms, you are well on your way to enhancing your Czech language skills. Remember, adjectives are the colors that paint your sentences. Use them freely and creatively as you continue your journey!


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 04:15, 1 August 2024

◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Introduction to Adverbs ▶️

Czech-Language-PolyglotClub.png
CzechGrammar0 to A1 Course → Introduction to Adjectives

In learning a new language, adjectives can be delightful companions to nouns. They add color and depth to the things we describe, transforming simple statements into rich, vivid images. In Czech, adjectives play a crucial role, influencing not just the words they modify but also the structure of sentences. Understanding adjectives will enhance your ability to express nuances and details, making your communication in Czech more effective and engaging.

In this lesson, we will embark on a journey through the world of Czech adjectives. We will explore their forms, how they agree with nouns, and how we can compare them. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation that will serve you well in your Czech language journey.

Importance of Adjectives in Czech[edit | edit source]

Adjectives in Czech serve several key functions:

  • Descriptive: They describe qualities of nouns (e.g., a beautiful flower).
  • Limiting: They can limit or specify nouns (e.g., the first book).
  • Comparative: They allow us to compare different nouns (e.g., taller, smarter).

Understanding how to use adjectives correctly is essential for building sentences that convey precise meanings. Now, let's dive into the specifics!

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

This lesson is structured as follows:

1. Introduction to Czech Adjectives

2. Agreement of Adjectives with Nouns

3. Forms of Comparison

4. Examples of Adjectives in Use

5. Practice Exercises

6. Conclusion

Introduction to Czech Adjectives[edit | edit source]

In Czech, adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. This means that the form of the adjective changes depending on the noun it is describing. In Czech, nouns are categorized into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Types of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Czech adjectives can be broadly categorized into:

Qualitative Adjectives: Describe qualities (e.g., krásný* - beautiful).

Relative Adjectives: Derive from nouns and describe relationships (e.g., mateřský* - maternal).

Agreement of Adjectives with Nouns[edit | edit source]

Adjectives in Czech must agree with the nouns they describe in:

  • Gender: Masculine, feminine, or neuter.
  • Number: Singular or plural.
  • Case: The role the noun plays in the sentence.

Here’s a quick overview of how adjectives agree with nouns:

Gender Singular Form Plural Form
Masculine -ý (e.g., hezký - handsome) -í (e.g., hezcí)
Feminine -á (e.g., hezká - beautiful) -é (e.g., hezké)
Neuter -é (e.g., hezké - nice) -é (e.g., hezké)

As you can see, the endings change based on the gender and number. This means that if you are describing a masculine singular noun, you would use the masculine singular form of the adjective.

Forms of Comparison[edit | edit source]

Czech adjectives can also be compared using three forms:

1. Positive: The base form of the adjective (e.g., velký - big).

2. Comparative: Used to compare two things (e.g., větší - bigger).

3. Superlative: Used to express the highest degree (e.g., největší - the biggest).

Here’s how these forms look in a table:

Form Czech English
Positive velký big
Comparative větší bigger
Superlative největší the biggest

Examples of Adjectives in Use[edit | edit source]

To illustrate how adjectives function in sentences, here are several examples:

Czech Pronunciation English
hezký dům ˈɦɛskiː duːm beautiful house
malá kočka ˈmalaː ˈkoʧka small cat
rychlý vlak ˈrɪxliː vlaːk fast train
starý stůl ˈstarɪː stuːl old table
nový telefon ˈnovaːɪ ˈtɛlɛfɔn new phone
modrá kniha ˈmodraː ˈkɲiːɦa blue book
zelený strom ˈzɛlɛnɪː strɔm green tree
vysoký dům vɪˈsokɪː duːm tall house
zajímavý film ˈzajɪmaːvɪː fɪlm interesting film
šťastný den ˈʃtʃastnɪː dɛn happy day
slunné ráno ˈslunɛː ˈraːno sunny morning
čerstvý chléb ˈtʃɛrstvɪː xleːb fresh bread
horký čaj ˈhorkiː tʃaɪ hot tea
příjemný večer ˈpr̟iːjɛmniː ˈvɛtʃɛr pleasant evening
krásná zahrada ˈkraːsnaː ˈzaɦrada beautiful garden
tichý hlas ˈtɪxɪː ɡlas quiet voice
staré auto ˈstarɛː ˈautɔ old car
bílá labuť ˈbiːlaː ˈlabuʧ white swan
černý pes ˈtʃɛrnɪː pɛs black dog
teplý svetr ˈtɛplɪː svɛtr warm sweater
chladný vítr ˈxladnɪː ˈviːtr cold wind

These examples showcase a variety of adjectives in different contexts, helping you grasp their usage in everyday Czech.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you've understood the theory behind Czech adjectives, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in parentheses.

1. Mám ____ (nový) auto.

2. To je ____ (hezký) dům.

3. Vidím ____ (malá) kočka.

4. Dáme si ____ (horký) čaj.

5. On má ____ (černý) pes.

Exercise 2: Gender Agreement[edit | edit source]

Match the adjective with the correct noun based on gender.

1. __ (hezký) dívka

2. __ (velký) stůl

3. __ (malý) kniha

4. __ (modrý) auto

5. __ (zelený) zahrada

Exercise 3: Comparative Forms[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the sentences using the comparative form of the adjectives.

1. Ten stůl je (velký) než ten.

2. Ta kočka je (rychlý) než ten pes.

3. Můj dům je (malý) než tvůj.

4. Tento film je (zajímavý) než ten druhý.

5. Ten chlapec je (silný) než ten.

Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Read the sentences below and underline the adjectives.

1. Ta červená kniha je zajímavá.

2. Mám novou tašku.

3. To je starý dům.

4. Viděli jsme krásný film.

5. Dnes je slunečný den.

Exercise 5: Superlative Forms[edit | edit source]

Transform the adjectives into their superlative forms.

1. (malý) – nejmenší

2. (vysoký) – ________

3. (starý) – ________

4. (mladý) – ________

5. (krásný) – ________

Exercise 6: Translation[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences to Czech:

1. The big dog is friendly.

2. She has a beautiful garden.

3. This book is interesting.

4. They are happy children.

5. We saw a small car.

Exercise 7: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following adjectives.

1. chytrý (clever)

2. teplý (warm)

3. rychlý (fast)

4. tmavý (dark)

5. jasný (bright)

Exercise 8: Noun-Adjective Agreement[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct adjective form for the following nouns.

1. (krásný) dívka – ________

2. (malý) auto – ________

3. (starý) dům – ________

4. (zelený) stromy – ________

5. (modrý) tašky – ________

Exercise 9: Sentence Correction[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. On má hezký auto.

2. Ta stůl je malý.

3. Mám černé kočka.

4. Tato kniha je zajímavý.

5. Dnes je sluníčko a teplé.

Exercise 10: Adjective Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the adjectives to their meanings:

1. hezký

2. rychlý

3. starý

4. modrý

5. černý

a) old

b) black

c) beautiful

d) fast

e) blue

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. Mám nové auto. (new)

2. To je hezký dům. (beautiful)

3. Vidím malou kočka. (small)

4. Dáme si horký čaj. (hot)

5. On má černého pes. (black)

Exercise 2: Gender Agreement[edit | edit source]

1. hezká dívka

2. velký stůl

3. malá kniha

4. modré auto

5. zelená zahrada

Exercise 3: Comparative Forms[edit | edit source]

1. Ten stůl je větší než ten.

2. Ta kočka je rychlejší než ten pes.

3. Můj dům je menší než tvůj.

4. Tento film je zajímavější než ten druhý.

5. Ten chlapec je silnější než ten.

Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives[edit | edit source]

1. Ta červená kniha je zajímavá.

2. Mám novou tašku.

3. To je starý dům.

4. Viděli jsme krásný film.

5. Dnes je slunečný den.

Exercise 5: Superlative Forms[edit | edit source]

1. (malý) – nejmenší

2. (vysoký) – nejvyšší

3. (starý) – nejstarší

4. (mladý) – nejmladší

5. (krásný) – nejkrásnější

Exercise 6: Translation[edit | edit source]

1. Velký pes je přátelský.

2. Ona má krásnou zahradu.

3. Tato kniha je zajímavá.

4. Jsou šťastné děti.

5. Viděli jsme malé auto.

Exercise 7: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. Ten chlapec je chytrý.

2. Dnes je teplý den.

3. Mám rychlý kolo.

4. To je tmavý pokoj.

5. Slunce je jasné.

Exercise 8: Noun-Adjective Agreement[edit | edit source]

1. krásná dívka

2. malé auto

3. starý dům

4. zelené stromy

5. modré tašky

Exercise 9: Sentence Correction[edit | edit source]

1. On má hezké auto.

2. Ta stůl je malý.

3. Mám černou kočku.

4. Tato kniha je zajímavá.

5. Dnes je sluníčko a teplý.

Exercise 10: Adjective Matching[edit | edit source]

1. hezký - c) beautiful

2. rychlý - d) fast

3. starý - a) old

4. modrý - e) blue

5. černý - b) black

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You've taken your first steps into the vibrant world of Czech adjectives. By understanding their agreement with nouns and how to employ comparative forms, you are well on your way to enhancing your Czech language skills. Remember, adjectives are the colors that paint your sentences. Use them freely and creatively as you continue your journey!

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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