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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Romanian|Romanian]]  → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Basic Prepositions</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Romanian|Romanian]]  → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Prepositions</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''Basic Prepositions''' in Romanian! Prepositions are essential for forming meaningful sentences and establishing relationships between different elements in a sentence. Understanding prepositions will help you describe locations, directions, and relationships with clarity in Romanian.
 
In this lesson, we will explore the most common prepositions used in the Romanian language. We will cover '''in''', '''on''', '''under''', and '''between''', providing examples and exercises to help solidify your understanding.
 
The structure of our lesson will be as follows:
 
* Introduction to Basic Prepositions
 
* List of Common Basic Prepositions
 
* Detailed Examples
 
* Practice Exercises
 
* Solutions and Explanations


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to Basic Prepositions ===


In this lesson, we will explore the world of prepositions in Romanian. Prepositions are a fundamental part of any language, as they help us express relationships between different words, such as location, time, and direction. Understanding and using prepositions correctly is essential for effective communication in Romanian.
Prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. They often indicate relationships in terms of time, place, and direction. In Romanian, prepositions are crucial for conveying meaning and ensuring that communication is clear and effective.


In this lesson, we will focus on learning the basic prepositions in Romanian. We will cover prepositions such as "in" (in), "pe" (on), "sub" (under), and "între" (between). We will provide clear explanations, numerous examples, and engaging exercises to help you grasp the usage of these prepositions.
For instance, when you want to say where something is located, you will need to use prepositions. In English, we say, "The book is on the table." In Romanian, this would be "Cartea este pe masă." Here, "pe" is the preposition that connects "cartea" (the book) to "masă" (the table).


By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the basic prepositions in Romanian and be able to use them in various contexts. So let's dive in and explore the fascinating world of prepositions!
Now that we've established the importance of prepositions, let’s dive deeper into some of the basic ones you will encounter frequently in everyday conversations.


== Basic Prepositions ==
=== List of Common Basic Prepositions ===


Prepositions are words that establish relationships between nouns, pronouns, or phrases in a sentence. In Romanian, prepositions are essential for indicating location, time, direction, and other relationships.
Here’s a list of the basic prepositions we will cover in this lesson:


=== In (in) ===
* '''în''' (in)


The preposition "in" is used to indicate location inside a place or a container. It can also be used to express duration or to indicate membership in a group or category.
* '''pe''' (on)


Here are some examples:
* '''sub''' (under)
 
* '''între''' (between)
 
=== Detailed Examples ===
 
Let's explore each preposition with clear examples to illustrate their usage in Romanian.
 
==== Preposition: în (in) ====
 
The preposition '''în''' is used to indicate that something is inside or within a certain space.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| in casă || een kah-suh || in the house
 
| Cartea este în rucsac. || ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te ɨn ˈruk.sak || The book is in the backpack.
 
|-
|-
| in țară || een tzah-ruh || in the country
 
| Pisica este în casă. || piˈsi.ka ˈjes.te ɨn ˈka.sə || The cat is in the house.
 
|-
 
| Cumpăr pâine în supermarket. || ˈkum.pər ˈpɨ.ne ɨn su.perˈmar.ket || I buy bread in the supermarket.
 
|-
|-
| in poștă || een poshtuh || in the post office
 
| Copiii joacă în parc. || koˈpi.i ˈʒo.a.kə ɨn ˈpark || The children are playing in the park.
 
|-
|-
| intre prieteni || een-treh pree-eh-teh-nee || among friends
 
| Apa este în frigider. || ˈa.pa ˈjes.te ɨn fri.ʒiˈder || The water is in the fridge.
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "casă" means "house," and "in casă" means "in the house." Similarly, "țară" means "country," and "in țară" means "in the country." The same pattern applies to the other examples.
==== Preposition: pe (on) ====


=== Pe (on) ===
The preposition '''pe''' indicates that something is on top of or in contact with a surface.


The preposition "pe" is used to indicate location on a surface. It can also be used to express movement or direction towards a specific place.
{| class="wikitable"


Here are some examples:
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Cartea este pe birou. || ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te pe biˈrou || The book is on the desk.


{| class="wikitable"
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| pe masă || peh mah-suh || on the table
 
| Câinele stă pe iarbă. || ˈkɨ.i.ne.le stə pe ˈjar.bə || The dog is lying on the grass.
 
|-
|-
| pe stradă || peh strah-duh || on the street
 
| Mărul este pe masă. || ˈmɨ.rul ˈjes.te pe ˈma.sə || The apple is on the table.
 
|-
|-
| pe munte || peh moon-teh || on the mountain
 
| Ceaiul este pe raft. || ˈtʃai.ul ˈjes.te pe raft || The tea is on the shelf.
 
|-
|-
| pe mine || peh mee-neh || on me
 
| Laptopul este pe podea. || ˈlap.to.pul ˈjes.te pe poˈde.a || The laptop is on the floor.
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "masă" means "table," and "pe masă" means "on the table." Similarly, "stradă" means "street," and "pe stradă" means "on the street." The same pattern applies to the other examples.
==== Preposition: sub (under) ====


=== Sub (under) ===
The preposition '''sub''' is used to describe something that is below or beneath another object.


The preposition "sub" is used to indicate location below or under something. It can also be used metaphorically to express influence or control.
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-


Here are some examples:
| Pisica se ascunde sub masă. || piˈsi.ka se asˈkun.de sub ˈma.sə || The cat is hiding under the table.


{| class="wikitable"
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| sub masă || soob mah-suh || under the table
 
| Câinele doarme sub pat. || ˈkɨ.i.ne.le ˈdoar.me sub pat || The dog sleeps under the bed.
 
|-
|-
| sub apă || soob ah-puh || under the water
 
| Jucăria este sub canapea. || ʒu.kəˈri.a ˈjes.te sub ka.naˈpe.a || The toy is under the couch.
 
|-
|-
| sub control || soob kohn-trohl || under control
 
| Mingeala este sub apă. || minˈʒe.a.lə ˈjes.te sub ˈa.pə || The ball is under the water.
 
|-
|-
| sub influență || soob in-floo-ehntzuh || under influence
 
| Laptopul este sub birou. || ˈlap.to.pul ˈjes.te sub biˈrou || The laptop is under the desk.
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "masă" means "table," and "sub masă" means "under the table." Similarly, "apă" means "water," and "sub apă" means "under the water." The same pattern applies to the other examples.
==== Preposition: între (between) ====


=== Între (between) ===
The preposition '''între''' indicates a position that is in the middle of two or more objects.


The preposition "între" is used to indicate a position or location between two or more things or people.
{| class="wikitable"


Here are some examples:
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Cartea este între cele două scaune. || ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈtʃe.le ˈdwo.scau.ne || The book is between the two chairs.


{| class="wikitable"
! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| între frați || een-treh frahts || between brothers
 
| Câinele stă între copaci. || ˈkɨ.i.ne.le stə ˈɨn.tre koˈpa.tʃi || The dog is standing between the trees.
 
|-
|-
| între case || een-treh kah-seh || between houses
 
| Mărul este între cele două mese. || ˈmɨ.rul ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈtʃe.le ˈdwo.e ˈme.se || The apple is between the two tables.
 
|-
|-
| între două prietene || een-treh doo-uh pree-eh-teh-neh || between two friends
 
| Mașina este între blocuri. || maˈʃi.na ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈblok.uri || The car is between the buildings.
 
|-
|-
| între mine și tine || een-treh mee-neh shee tee-neh || between me and you
 
| Cărțile sunt între rafturi. || ˈkɨr.t͡si.le sun ˈɨn.tre ˈraf.turi || The books are between the shelves.
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "frați" means "brothers," and "între frați" means "between brothers." Similarly, "case" means "houses," and "între case" means "between houses." The same pattern applies to the other examples.
=== Practice Exercises ===


== Cultural Insights ==
Now that you have learned the basic prepositions and seen examples of their usage, it’s time to practice! Here are some exercises to help reinforce your understanding.


Romanian culture has influenced the usage and understanding of prepositions in the language. It's interesting to note that regional variations may exist, especially in rural areas where dialects are more prevalent. In some regions, different prepositions may be used to express the same relationship.
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====


Additionally, historical factors have also shaped the usage of prepositions in Romanian. The Romanian language has been influenced by Latin, Slavic, and Hungarian languages throughout history, resulting in a rich and diverse vocabulary. This linguistic heritage is reflected in the prepositions used in Romanian.
Complete the sentences below with the correct preposition (în, pe, sub, între).


In Romanian folklore and literature, prepositions are often used to create vivid and descriptive imagery. Writers and poets use prepositions creatively to evoke emotions and paint a picture in the reader's mind. Understanding the nuances of prepositions can greatly enhance one's appreciation of Romanian literature and culture.
1. Cartea este ______ rucsac.


== Practice Exercises ==
2. Câinele doarme ______ pat.


Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Below are some exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of the basic prepositions in Romanian. Try to complete the exercises on your own, and then check your answers with the provided solutions.
3. Mărul este ______ masă.


Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition.
4. Pisica se ascunde ______ masă.


1. Am pus cheia ____ masă.
5. Ceaiul este ______ raft.
2. Mă aștept ____ tine la poartă.
3. Cărțile sunt ____ bibliotecă.
4. Mergem ____ munte în weekend.


Solution:
==== Exercise 2: Translate the sentences ====
1. pe
2. la
3. în
4. în


Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into Romanian.
Translate the following sentences from English to Romanian, using the correct prepositions.


1. The cat is under the table.
1. The book is in the backpack.
2. The book is on the shelf.
3. The children are between the two houses.
4. The museum is in the city.


Solution:
2. The dog is on the grass.
1. Pisica este sub masă.
2. Cartea este pe raft.
3. Copiii sunt între cele două case.
4. Muzeul este în oraș.


== Conclusion ==
3. The toy is under the couch.


Congratulations on completing the lesson on basic prepositions in Romanian! In this lesson, you have learned about the prepositions "in," "pe," "sub," and "între." You have explored their usage and seen numerous examples to help you understand how they function in sentences.
4. The apple is between the two tables.


Remember to practice using these prepositions in your daily conversations and written exercises to reinforce your learning. The more you practice, the more natural and effortless the usage of prepositions will become.
5. The laptop is on the desk.


In the next lesson, we will continue our journey through Romanian grammar by exploring basic conjunctions. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of connecting words in Romanian!
==== Exercise 3: Choose the correct preposition ====
 
Select the correct preposition to complete the sentences below.
 
1. Câinele stă ______ copaci. (între/sub)
 
2. Cartea este ______ frigider. (în/sub)
 
3. Mărul este ______ masă. (între/pe)
 
4. Laptopul este ______ birou. (pe/sub)
 
5. Copiii joacă ______ parc. (în/sub)
 
==== Exercise 4: Match the sentences ====
 
Match the Romanian sentences with their English translations.
 
1. Cartea este pe birou.
 
2. Pisica este în casă.
 
3. Câinele doarme sub pat.
 
4. Mărul este între cele două mese.
 
5. Apa este în frigider.
 
a. The cat is in the house.
 
b. The book is on the desk.
 
c. The apple is between the two tables.
 
d. The water is in the fridge.
 
e. The dog sleeps under the bed.
 
=== Solutions and Explanations ===
 
Now let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to ensure you understand the material.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 1 ====
 
1. Cartea este '''în''' rucsac.
 
2. Câinele doarme '''sub''' pat.
 
3. Mărul este '''pe''' masă.
 
4. Pisica se ascunde '''sub''' masă.
 
5. Ceaiul este '''pe''' raft.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 2 ====
 
1. Cartea este '''în''' rucsac.
 
2. Câinele este '''pe''' iarbă.
 
3. Jucăria este '''sub''' canapea.
 
4. Mărul este '''între''' cele două mese.
 
5. Laptopul este '''pe''' birou.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 3 ====
 
1. Câinele stă '''între''' copaci.
 
2. Cartea este '''în''' frigider.
 
3. Mărul este '''pe''' masă.
 
4. Laptopul este '''pe''' birou.
 
5. Copiii joacă '''în''' parc.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 4 ====
 
1 - b. The book is on the desk.
 
2 - a. The cat is in the house.
 
3 - e. The dog sleeps under the bed.
 
4 - c. The apple is between the two tables.
 
5 - d. The water is in the fridge.
 
Congratulations! You’ve made significant progress in understanding basic prepositions in Romanian. Remember to practice using these prepositions in your conversations, as they will help you express where things are located and how they relate to each other. Keep up the great work, and don't hesitate to review this lesson whenever you need!


{{#seo:
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|keywords=Romanian grammar, prepositions, basic prepositions, Romanian language, Romanian culture
|title=Learn Basic Prepositions in Romanian
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basic prepositions in Romanian, such as "in," "on," "under," and "between." We will explore their usage, provide examples, and offer exercises to help you practice.
 
|keywords=Romanian prepositions, Romanian grammar, basic Romanian, Romanian language, learn Romanian, language learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basic prepositions in Romanian, including examples and practice exercises to help you master their use.
 
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 23:10, 1 August 2024

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️

Romania-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Romanian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Basic Prepositions

Welcome to the lesson on Basic Prepositions in Romanian! Prepositions are essential for forming meaningful sentences and establishing relationships between different elements in a sentence. Understanding prepositions will help you describe locations, directions, and relationships with clarity in Romanian.

In this lesson, we will explore the most common prepositions used in the Romanian language. We will cover in, on, under, and between, providing examples and exercises to help solidify your understanding.

The structure of our lesson will be as follows:

  • Introduction to Basic Prepositions
  • List of Common Basic Prepositions
  • Detailed Examples
  • Practice Exercises
  • Solutions and Explanations

Introduction to Basic Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. They often indicate relationships in terms of time, place, and direction. In Romanian, prepositions are crucial for conveying meaning and ensuring that communication is clear and effective.

For instance, when you want to say where something is located, you will need to use prepositions. In English, we say, "The book is on the table." In Romanian, this would be "Cartea este pe masă." Here, "pe" is the preposition that connects "cartea" (the book) to "masă" (the table).

Now that we've established the importance of prepositions, let’s dive deeper into some of the basic ones you will encounter frequently in everyday conversations.

List of Common Basic Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Here’s a list of the basic prepositions we will cover in this lesson:

  • în (in)
  • pe (on)
  • sub (under)
  • între (between)

Detailed Examples[edit | edit source]

Let's explore each preposition with clear examples to illustrate their usage in Romanian.

Preposition: în (in)[edit | edit source]

The preposition în is used to indicate that something is inside or within a certain space.

Romanian Pronunciation English
Cartea este în rucsac. ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te ɨn ˈruk.sak The book is in the backpack.
Pisica este în casă. piˈsi.ka ˈjes.te ɨn ˈka.sə The cat is in the house.
Cumpăr pâine în supermarket. ˈkum.pər ˈpɨ.ne ɨn su.perˈmar.ket I buy bread in the supermarket.
Copiii joacă în parc. koˈpi.i ˈʒo.a.kə ɨn ˈpark The children are playing in the park.
Apa este în frigider. ˈa.pa ˈjes.te ɨn fri.ʒiˈder The water is in the fridge.

Preposition: pe (on)[edit | edit source]

The preposition pe indicates that something is on top of or in contact with a surface.

Romanian Pronunciation English
Cartea este pe birou. ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te pe biˈrou The book is on the desk.
Câinele stă pe iarbă. ˈkɨ.i.ne.le stə pe ˈjar.bə The dog is lying on the grass.
Mărul este pe masă. ˈmɨ.rul ˈjes.te pe ˈma.sə The apple is on the table.
Ceaiul este pe raft. ˈtʃai.ul ˈjes.te pe raft The tea is on the shelf.
Laptopul este pe podea. ˈlap.to.pul ˈjes.te pe poˈde.a The laptop is on the floor.

Preposition: sub (under)[edit | edit source]

The preposition sub is used to describe something that is below or beneath another object.

Romanian Pronunciation English
Pisica se ascunde sub masă. piˈsi.ka se asˈkun.de sub ˈma.sə The cat is hiding under the table.
Câinele doarme sub pat. ˈkɨ.i.ne.le ˈdoar.me sub pat The dog sleeps under the bed.
Jucăria este sub canapea. ʒu.kəˈri.a ˈjes.te sub ka.naˈpe.a The toy is under the couch.
Mingeala este sub apă. minˈʒe.a.lə ˈjes.te sub ˈa.pə The ball is under the water.
Laptopul este sub birou. ˈlap.to.pul ˈjes.te sub biˈrou The laptop is under the desk.

Preposition: între (between)[edit | edit source]

The preposition între indicates a position that is in the middle of two or more objects.

Romanian Pronunciation English
Cartea este între cele două scaune. ˈkar.te.a ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈtʃe.le ˈdwo.scau.ne The book is between the two chairs.
Câinele stă între copaci. ˈkɨ.i.ne.le stə ˈɨn.tre koˈpa.tʃi The dog is standing between the trees.
Mărul este între cele două mese. ˈmɨ.rul ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈtʃe.le ˈdwo.e ˈme.se The apple is between the two tables.
Mașina este între blocuri. maˈʃi.na ˈjes.te ˈɨn.tre ˈblok.uri The car is between the buildings.
Cărțile sunt între rafturi. ˈkɨr.t͡si.le sun ˈɨn.tre ˈraf.turi The books are between the shelves.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have learned the basic prepositions and seen examples of their usage, it’s time to practice! Here are some exercises to help reinforce your understanding.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences below with the correct preposition (în, pe, sub, între).

1. Cartea este ______ rucsac.

2. Câinele doarme ______ pat.

3. Mărul este ______ masă.

4. Pisica se ascunde ______ masă.

5. Ceaiul este ______ raft.

Exercise 2: Translate the sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences from English to Romanian, using the correct prepositions.

1. The book is in the backpack.

2. The dog is on the grass.

3. The toy is under the couch.

4. The apple is between the two tables.

5. The laptop is on the desk.

Exercise 3: Choose the correct preposition[edit | edit source]

Select the correct preposition to complete the sentences below.

1. Câinele stă ______ copaci. (între/sub)

2. Cartea este ______ frigider. (în/sub)

3. Mărul este ______ masă. (între/pe)

4. Laptopul este ______ birou. (pe/sub)

5. Copiii joacă ______ parc. (în/sub)

Exercise 4: Match the sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the Romanian sentences with their English translations.

1. Cartea este pe birou.

2. Pisica este în casă.

3. Câinele doarme sub pat.

4. Mărul este între cele două mese.

5. Apa este în frigider.

a. The cat is in the house.

b. The book is on the desk.

c. The apple is between the two tables.

d. The water is in the fridge.

e. The dog sleeps under the bed.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to ensure you understand the material.

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Cartea este în rucsac.

2. Câinele doarme sub pat.

3. Mărul este pe masă.

4. Pisica se ascunde sub masă.

5. Ceaiul este pe raft.

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Cartea este în rucsac.

2. Câinele este pe iarbă.

3. Jucăria este sub canapea.

4. Mărul este între cele două mese.

5. Laptopul este pe birou.

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. Câinele stă între copaci.

2. Cartea este în frigider.

3. Mărul este pe masă.

4. Laptopul este pe birou.

5. Copiii joacă în parc.

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1 - b. The book is on the desk.

2 - a. The cat is in the house.

3 - e. The dog sleeps under the bed.

4 - c. The apple is between the two tables.

5 - d. The water is in the fridge.

Congratulations! You’ve made significant progress in understanding basic prepositions in Romanian. Remember to practice using these prepositions in your conversations, as they will help you express where things are located and how they relate to each other. Keep up the great work, and don't hesitate to review this lesson whenever you need!

Table of Contents - Romanian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Adjectives and Adverbs


Family and Friends


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Food and Drinks


Questions and Negations


Locations and Directions


Plurals and Articles


Hobbies and Activities


Romanian Culture and Traditions


Imperatives and Requests


Travel and Transportation


Romanian Geography and History

Videos[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 9: Morphology - The Preposition ...[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 1: Syntax - Building Sentences ...[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 6: Morphology - The Pronoun (1 ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️

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