Difference between revisions of "Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/State-Verbs"

Latest revision as of 04:56, 2 August 2024

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Central Pashto → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → State Verbs

Welcome to this exciting lesson on State Verbs in Central Pashto! Understanding state verbs is crucial for anyone looking to build a solid foundation in this beautiful language. State verbs express conditions or states of being rather than actions, making them essential for describing feelings, relationships, and characteristics.

In today's lesson, we will cover the following:

What are State Verbs?

Common State Verbs in Central Pashto

Usage and Examples

Practice Exercises

By the end of this lesson, you will not only know some essential state verbs in Central Pashto, but you will also be able to use them in sentences confidently. So, let’s dive in!

What are State Verbs?[edit | edit source]

State verbs describe a situation that is more about a state of being rather than the action itself. These verbs are often used to express emotions, thoughts, relationships, and sensory perceptions. Unlike action verbs, which indicate physical actions, state verbs relate to the internal state of the subject.

For instance, in English, we say:

"I love pizza." (state verb: love)

"She seems happy." (state verb: seem)

In Central Pashto, understanding state verbs will help you describe how things are rather than what they do.

Common State Verbs in Central Pashto[edit | edit source]

Let's look at some common state verbs in Central Pashto, their pronunciations, and English translations.

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
زوی (zoy)	/zɔːi/	to be (permanent state)
دی (di)	/diː/	to be (temporary state)
پوهیدل (pohēdal)	/puːhɪːdɑl/	to understand
مینه کول (mīna kol)	/miːnɑ kɔl/	to love
مالومیدل (mālūmīdal)	/mɑːlʊmɪːdɑl/	to be known
خفه کیدل (khafā kidal)	/xəfæ kɪdɑl/	to be sad
خوشحال کیدل (khoshāl kidal)	/xʊʃhɑːl kɪdɑl/	to be happy
اړتیا لرل (ārya laral)	/ɑːrjtjɑː lɛrɑl/	to need
غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal)	/ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/	to be sorrowful
ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal)	/zɑːhɪrɪːdɑl/	to appear
شکر کول (shukr kol)	/ʃʊkʊr kɔl/	to be grateful
پوهیدل (pohēdal)	/puːhɪːdɑl/	to realize
تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral)	/tæʔʊlʊq lɛrɑl/	to relate
انتظار کول (entezār kol)	/ɪntɛzɑːr kɔl/	to expect
راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal)	/rɑːziː kɪdɑl/	to be satisfied
خوند اخیستل (khwand akhistal)	/xʊnd ɑkʰɪstɑl/	to enjoy
تمنا لرل (tamāna laral)	/tæmɑːnɑ lɛrɑl/	to desire
یادول (yādol)	/jɑːdɔl/	to remember
رشته لرل (rishta laral)	/rɪʃtɑ lɛrɑl/	to have a relationship
غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal)	/ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/	to be heartbroken

Usage of State Verbs[edit | edit source]

State verbs are typically used in simple sentences. They can be combined with adjectives to provide more information about the subject. Here are a few examples:

زوی خوشحال دی.

Zoy khoshāl di.

The boy is happy.

هغه پوهیږي.

Haga pohēgi.

He understands.

زه مینه لرم.

Za mīna laram.

I love (it).

Practical Examples[edit | edit source]

To further illustrate the uses of state verbs, here are some sentences that show how these verbs fit into everyday conversations:

زه خفه یم.

Za khafa yam.

I am sad.

دا کتاب مالوم دی.

Dā kitāb mālūm di.

This book is known.

ماته شکر دی.

Māta shukr di.

I am grateful.

هغه خوند اخلي.

Haga khwand akhli.

He enjoys it.

زما اړیکه راضي ده.

Zma āriqa rāzī da.

My relationship is satisfactory.

هغوی تمنا لري.

Haghoī tamāna lari.

They have a desire.

دا ځای ظاهریږي.

Dā zāy zāhirīgi.

This place appears (nice).

زه یاد لرم.

Za yād laram.

I remember.

هغه د خپل کورنی سره تعلق لري.

Haga da khpal kornī sara ta'alluq lari.

He relates to his family.

زه انتظار کوم.

Za entezaar kum.

I am expecting.

Summary of State Verbs[edit | edit source]

To summarize, state verbs are essential components of language that help express states of being, emotions, and relationships. Familiarizing yourself with these verbs will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Central Pashto.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the vocabulary and examples, let’s put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct state verb from the box below:

1. زه ______ (love) د کتاب.

2. هغه ______ (understand) د موضوع.

3. موږ ______ (need) مرسته.

4. تاسو ______ (remember) دا ورځ.

5. هغه ______ (appear) خوشحال.

State Verbs: مینه کول (mīna kol), پوهیدل (pohēdal), اړتیا لرل (ārya laral), یادول (yādol), ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal).

Exercise 2: Translation[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Central Pashto:

1. I am happy.

2. She feels sad.

3. They love their family.

4. He needs help.

5. We remember our past.

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following state verbs:

1. خفه کیدل (khafā kidal) - to be sad

2. راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal) - to be satisfied

3. شکر کول (shukr kol) - to be grateful

4. انتظار کول (entezār kol) - to expect

5. تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral) - to relate

Exercise 4: Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the state verbs in Central Pashto with their English meanings:

1. غمجن کیدل

2. مینه کول

3. پوهیدل

4. خوند اخیستل

5. مالومیدل

a. to love

b. to be known

c. to be sorrowful

d. to enjoy

e. to understand

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart[edit | edit source]

Complete the chart with the appropriate state verb in Central Pashto and its English translation.

| Central Pashto | English |

|-----------------------|--------------------|

| خفه کیدل | |

| شکر کول | |

| مینه کول | |

| پوهیدل | |

| ظاهریدل | |

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Below are the answers to the exercises along with brief explanations:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank[edit | edit source]

1. زه مینه لرم د کتاب. (I love the book.)

2. هغه پوهیږي د موضوع. (He understands the topic.)

3. موږ ارټیا لرل مرسته. (We need help.)

4. تاسو یاد لری دا ورځ. (You remember this day.)

5. هغه ظاهریږي خوشحال. (He appears happy.)

Exercise 2: Translation[edit | edit source]

1. زه خوشحال یم. (I am happy.)

2. هغه خفه احساس کوي. (She feels sad.)

3. هغوی د خپل کورنۍ سره مینه لري. (They love their family.)

4. هغه مرسته اړتیا لري. (He needs help.)

5. موږ خپل تېر یادو. (We remember our past.)

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

1. زه خفه یم. (I am sad.)

2. هغه راضي دی. (He is satisfied.)

3. زه شکر ادا کوم. (I am grateful.)

4. هغه انتظار کوي. (He is expecting.)

5. موږ د خپلو دوستانو سره تعلق لرو. (We relate to our friends.)

Exercise 4: Matching[edit | edit source]

1-c, 2-a, 3-e, 4-d, 5-b.

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart[edit | edit source]

| Central Pashto | English |

|-----------------------|--------------------|

| خفه کیدل | to be sad |

| شکر کول | to be grateful |

| مینه کول | to love |

| پوهیدل | to understand |

| ظاهریدل | to appear |

Congratulations on completing this lesson! Remember to practice these state verbs regularly to enhance your fluency in Central Pashto. Keep exploring, and don’t hesitate to ask questions if you need clarification. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Central Pashto Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Personal Pronouns

Numbers and Counting

Basic Sentence Structure

Common Verbs

Present Tense

Food and Drink

Questions

Family and Relationships

Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives

House and Home

Prepositions

Hobbies and Activities

Past Tense

Travel and Transportation

Pashtun Customs and Traditions

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Action Verbs — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Present Simple ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <span pgnav>
 {| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
@@ Line 8: / Line 9: @@
 {{Central-pashto-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Central-pashto|Central Pashto]]  → [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → State Verbs</div>
+Welcome to this exciting lesson on '''State Verbs''' in Central Pashto! Understanding state verbs is crucial for anyone looking to build a solid foundation in this beautiful language. State verbs express conditions or states of being rather than actions, making them essential for describing feelings, relationships, and characteristics.
+In today's lesson, we will cover the following:
+* '''What are State Verbs?'''
+* '''Common State Verbs in Central Pashto'''
-<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Central-pashto|Central Pashto]]  → [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → State Verbs</div>
+* '''Usage and Examples'''
+* '''Practice Exercises'''
+By the end of this lesson, you will not only know some essential state verbs in Central Pashto, but you will also be able to use them in sentences confidently. So, let’s dive in!
 __TOC__
-== Introduction ==
+=== What are State Verbs? ===
+State verbs describe a situation that is more about a state of being rather than the action itself. These verbs are often used to express emotions, thoughts, relationships, and sensory perceptions. Unlike action verbs, which indicate physical actions, state verbs relate to the internal state of the subject.
+For instance, in English, we say:
+* "I love pizza." (state verb: love)
+* "She seems happy." (state verb: seem)
+In Central Pashto, understanding state verbs will help you describe how things are rather than what they do.
+=== Common State Verbs in Central Pashto ===
+Let's look at some common state verbs in Central Pashto, their pronunciations, and English translations.
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| زوی (zoy) || /zɔːi/ || to be (permanent state)
+|-
+| دی (di) || /diː/ || to be (temporary state)
+|-
+| پوهیدل (pohēdal) || /puːhɪːdɑl/ || to understand
+|-
+| مینه کول (mīna kol) || /miːnɑ kɔl/ || to love
+|-
+| مالومیدل (mālūmīdal) || /mɑːlʊmɪːdɑl/ || to be known
+|-
+| خفه کیدل (khafā kidal) || /xəfæ kɪdɑl/ || to be sad
+|-
+| خوشحال کیدل (khoshāl kidal) || /xʊʃhɑːl kɪdɑl/ || to be happy
+|-
+| اړتیا لرل (ārya laral) || /ɑːrjtjɑː lɛrɑl/ || to need
+|-
+| غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal) || /ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/ || to be sorrowful
+|-
+| ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal) || /zɑːhɪrɪːdɑl/ || to appear
+|-
+| شکر کول (shukr kol) || /ʃʊkʊr kɔl/ || to be grateful
+|-
+| پوهیدل (pohēdal) || /puːhɪːdɑl/ || to realize
+|-
+| تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral) || /tæʔʊlʊq lɛrɑl/ || to relate
+|-
+| انتظار کول (entezār kol) || /ɪntɛzɑːr kɔl/ || to expect
+|-
+| راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal) || /rɑːziː kɪdɑl/ || to be satisfied
+|-
+| خوند اخیستل (khwand akhistal) || /xʊnd ɑkʰɪstɑl/ || to enjoy
+|-
+| تمنا لرل (tamāna laral) || /tæmɑːnɑ lɛrɑl/ || to desire
+|-
+| یادول (yādol) || /jɑːdɔl/ || to remember
+|-
+| رشته لرل (rishta laral) || /rɪʃtɑ lɛrɑl/ || to have a relationship
+|-
+| غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal) || /ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/ || to be heartbroken
+|}
+=== Usage of State Verbs ===
+State verbs are typically used in simple sentences. They can be combined with adjectives to provide more information about the subject. Here are a few examples:
+* '''زوی خوشحال دی.'''
+* ''Zoy khoshāl di.''
+* ''The boy is happy.''
+* '''هغه پوهیږي.'''
+* ''Haga pohēgi.''
+* ''He understands.''
+* '''زه مینه لرم.'''
+* ''Za mīna laram.''
+* ''I love (it).''
+=== Practical Examples ===
+To further illustrate the uses of state verbs, here are some sentences that show how these verbs fit into everyday conversations:
+* '''زه خفه یم.'''
+* ''Za khafa yam.''
+* ''I am sad.''
+* '''دا کتاب مالوم دی.'''
+* ''Dā kitāb mālūm di.''
+* ''This book is known.''
+* '''ماته شکر دی.'''
+* ''Māta shukr di.''
+* ''I am grateful.''
+* '''هغه خوند اخلي.'''
+* ''Haga khwand akhli.''
+* ''He enjoys it.''
+* '''زما اړیکه راضي ده.'''
+* ''Zma āriqa rāzī da.''
+* ''My relationship is satisfactory.''
+* '''هغوی تمنا لري.'''
+* ''Haghoī tamāna lari.''
+* ''They have a desire.''
+* '''دا ځای ظاهریږي.'''
+* ''Dā zāy zāhirīgi.''
+* ''This place appears (nice).''
+* '''زه یاد لرم.'''
+* ''Za yād laram.''
+* ''I remember.''
+* '''هغه د خپل کورنی سره تعلق لري.'''
+* ''Haga da khpal kornī sara ta'alluq lari.''
+* ''He relates to his family.''
+* '''زه انتظار کوم.'''
+* ''Za entezaar kum.''
+* ''I am expecting.''
+=== Summary of State Verbs ===
+To summarize, state verbs are essential components of language that help express states of being, emotions, and relationships. Familiarizing yourself with these verbs will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Central Pashto.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now that we’ve covered the vocabulary and examples, let’s put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!
+=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank ===
+Fill in the blanks with the correct state verb from the box below:
+. زه ______ (love) د کتاب.
+. هغه ______ (understand) د موضوع.
+. موږ ______ (need) مرسته.
+. تاسو ______ (remember) دا ورځ.
+. هغه ______ (appear) خوشحال.
+'''State Verbs:''' مینه کول (mīna kol), پوهیدل (pohēdal), اړتیا لرل (ārya laral), یادول (yādol), ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal).
+=== Exercise 2: Translation ===
+Translate the following sentences into Central Pashto:
+. I am happy.
+. She feels sad.
+. They love their family.
+. He needs help.
+. We remember our past.
+=== Exercise 3: Sentence Creation ===
+Create sentences using the following state verbs:
+. خفه کیدل (khafā kidal) - to be sad
+. راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal) - to be satisfied
+. شکر کول (shukr kol) - to be grateful
+. انتظار کول (entezār kol) - to expect
+. تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral) - to relate
+=== Exercise 4: Matching ===
+Match the state verbs in Central Pashto with their English meanings:
+. غمجن کیدل
+. مینه کول
+. پوهیدل
+. خوند اخیستل
+. مالومیدل
+a. to love
+b. to be known
+c. to be sorrowful
-In this lesson, you will learn about state verbs in Central Pashto. State verbs are verbs that describe a state or condition rather than an action. They are an essential part of the Pashto language, and understanding them will help you communicate more effectively with Pashto speakers.
+d. to enjoy
-In this lesson, you will learn how to pronounce and use the following state verbs in Pashto: to be, to have, to want, to need, to like, and to love.
+e. to understand
+=== Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart ===
-<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Climate|Weather and Climate]] & [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]].</span>
+Complete the chart with the appropriate state verb in Central Pashto and its English translation.
-== State Verbs ==
-State verbs are verbs that describe a condition, quality, or state of being, rather than an action or event. Here are some common state verbs in Central Pashto:
+| Central Pashto        | English            |
-=== To Be ===
+|-----------------------|--------------------|
-"To be" is one of the most important state verbs in Central Pashto. It is used to describe a state or condition of existence, location, or identity.
+| خفه کیدل              |                    |
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+| شکر کول               |                    |
-| ده || da || am/is/are |
-| شو || sho || was/were |
-Example sentences:
+| مینه کول              |                    |
-* دا مېنه چېرته دې؟ (da maina cherata de?) - What is this?
+| پوهیدل                |                    |
-* زه دې وخته دې، تاسو به پهدې ته کومې شو؟ (za de wakhta de, tasu ba pade ta kome sho?) - I am busy right now, where are you?
-=== To Have ===
+| ظاهریدل              |                    |
-"To have" is another important state verb in Central Pashto. It is used to describe possession or ownership of something.
+=== Solutions and Explanations ===
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+Below are the answers to the exercises along with brief explanations:
-| لري || lari || have/has |
-Example sentences:
+=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank ===
-* زه کتابونه لرم (za kitabona laram) - I have a book
+. زه '''مینه لرم''' د کتاب. (I love the book.)
-* تاسو هم ښاغلي ده (tasu ham shaghli da) - You also have a job
-=== To Want ===
+. هغه '''پوهیږي''' د موضوع. (He understands the topic.)
-"To want" is a state verb used to describe a desire or a wish for something.
+. موږ '''ارټیا لرل''' مرسته. (We need help.)
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+. تاسو '''یاد لری''' دا ورځ. (You remember this day.)
-| خواستل || khwastal || want |
-Example sentences:
+. هغه '''ظاهریږي''' خوشحال. (He appears happy.)
-* زه په باور کوم چې تاسو خواستل دي (za pa bawar kom che tasu khwastal dai) - I believe you want this
+=== Exercise 2: Translation ===
-* موږ تر څو درې وښقوم، چې به خواستلي ښایستن (mawđ tar tso dared wakhqwam, che ba khwastali shayistun) - We tried harder to fulfill your wish
-=== To Need ===
+. زه خوشحال یم. (I am happy.)
-"To need" is a state verb used to describe a requirement for something.
+. هغه خفه احساس کوي. (She feels sad.)
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+. هغوی د خپل کورنۍ سره مینه لري. (They love their family.)
-| غورځول || ghorzhol || need |
-Example sentences:
+. هغه مرسته اړتیا لري. (He needs help.)
-* موږ داسې غوښتونکي غورځولو چې زې په شرایطونه کې زما پېسې ورکړي (mawđ dasi ghochatunki ghorzholo che 'za pa sharaytona ke zama paysa khwartal) - We need investors who can work with our conditions and invest in us.
+. موږ خپل تېر یادو. (We remember our past.)
-* تاسو د خپلواکې لیسی نه لرې یو (tasu da khpalwaki lesi na lera yo) - You don't need a license
-=== To Like ===
+=== Exercise 3: Sentence Creation ===
-"To like" is a state verb that is used to describe a preference or fondness for something.
+. زه خفه یم. (I am sad.)
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+. هغه راضي دی. (He is satisfied.)
-| خوش کېدل || khush kēdal || like |
-Example sentences:
+. زه شکر ادا کوم. (I am grateful.)
-* زه يو چې نور محبوب ده خوش کېدلم (za yu che nur mahbub da khosh kēdalam) - I like something that is popular with everyone
+. هغه انتظار کوي. (He is expecting.)
-* تاسو دغه مهم دي چې ډير خوش کېدلې شوي (tasu daga mhum dai che der khosh kēdalay shewē)
-=== To Love ===
+. موږ د خپلو دوستانو سره تعلق لرو. (We relate to our friends.)
-"To love" is a state verb that is used when describing deep feelings of affection or devotion towards someone or something.
+=== Exercise 4: Matching ===
-| Central Pashto || Pronunciation || English |
+-c, 2-a, 3-e, 4-d, 5-b.
-| لږدول || laghdol || love |
-Example sentences:
+=== Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart ===
-* ما بشر چې هبه ترلاسه کوي، هغه جانانه لږد کوي (ma bashar che huba turlase koy, hagha janana laghd koi) - Humans who suffer a lot, they have deep love
+| Central Pashto        | English            |
-* تاسو دغه ډلې دې چې مې د سترګې بېرول پوری لږدوی (tasu dagha đlay dai che me da strégay berawl paori laghdawi) - You showed a deep love for me when I needed it
-== Conclusion ==
+|-----------------------|--------------------|
-In this lesson, you learned about some common state verbs in Central Pashto. You learned how to pronounce and use these verbs in sentences, which will help you communicate more effectively with Pashto speakers. Keep practicing and using these state verbs in your conversations to improve your Pashto language skills.
+| خفه کیدل              | to be sad          |
+| شکر کول               | to be grateful      |
+| مینه کول              | to love            |
+| پوهیدل                | to understand      |
+| ظاهریدل              | to appear          |
+Congratulations on completing this lesson! Remember to practice these state verbs regularly to enhance your fluency in Central Pashto. Keep exploring, and don’t hesitate to ask questions if you need clarification. Happy learning!
-<span link>With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-10|Numbers 1 10]] & [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Health|Health]].</span>
 {{#seo:
-|title=Central Pashto Vocabulary → State Verbs
-|keywords=Central Pashto, Pashto verbs, State Verbs, Pashto language, Pashto course, Central Pashto Course, Pashtun culture, Pashtun cuisine, Traditional Clothing,  Complete 0 to A1 Central Pashto Course
+|title=Learn State Verbs in Central Pashto
-|description=Learn some common state verbs in Central Pashto. Practice pronunciation, learn their meanings, and how to use them in sentences. Get started with our Complete 0 to A1 Central Pashto Course!
+|keywords=Central Pashto, vocabulary, state verbs, language learning, beginner Pashto
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn common state verbs in Central Pashto, their meanings, and how to use them in sentences. Perfect for beginners!
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-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 ==Other Lessons==
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 * [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Medicine|Medicine]]
 * [[Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
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Difference between revisions of "Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/State-Verbs"

Latest revision as of 04:56, 2 August 2024

What are State Verbs?[edit | edit source]

Common State Verbs in Central Pashto[edit | edit source]

Usage of State Verbs[edit | edit source]

Practical Examples[edit | edit source]

Summary of State Verbs[edit | edit source]

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank[edit | edit source]

Exercise 2: Translation[edit | edit source]

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Exercise 4: Matching[edit | edit source]

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart[edit | edit source]

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank[edit | edit source]

Exercise 2: Translation[edit | edit source]

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Exercise 4: Matching[edit | edit source]

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart[edit | edit source]

Table of Contents - Central Pashto Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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