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[[File:Συλλαβισμός - Εκπαιδευτικό βίντεο.gif|thumb|none]]
<div class="pg_page_title">🇬🇷 Syllabification in Greek </div>
[[File:syllabification in greek language polyglotclub wiki.jpg|thumb]]
Syllabification in Greek refers to the process of dividing words into syllables. In the Greek language, syllables are made up of a vowel sound or a combination of vowel and consonant sounds. The process of syllabification helps with pronunciation and also plays a role in Greek metrics and prosody, which are aspects of Greek poetry and literature. In Greek, syllables can have different structures and can be classified into different types, such as open syllables (ending with a vowel), closed syllables (ending with a consonant), and diphthongs (a combination of two vowel sounds). The syllabification rules in Greek are somewhat complex and are influenced by factors such as the type of vowel, the position of the accent, and the position of the syllable in the word. It is important to note that syllabification can vary slightly between different dialects of Greek and also between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek.


== Word Spelling in Greek (Ο Συλλαβισμός)==
* Example of syllabification of the word "πατέρας" (the father): <code>πα–τέ-ρας</code>
This lesson teaches us how to divide the words into syllables in Greek and how many syllables exist in each word.
----
We use the wording of the rules that allow us to separate existing common usage words,
As you put this lesson behind you, consider investigating these associated subjects to further your growth: [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verb-To-Be|Verb To Be]], [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-predicate|The predicate]], [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Greek-Deponent-Verbs|Greek Deponent Verbs]] & [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Coordinating-and-Subordinating-Conjunctions|Coordinating and Subordinating Conjunctions]].
where sometimes the rules are not known to us or are not obvious
==Syllabification Rules==
===A vowel is a syllable===
A vowel may be just a syllable in a word:
*ά-νε- μος (wind) 
*γρα-φεί-ο (office)


{| class="wikitable"
===Two consecutive vowels===
!Συλλαβισμός
Two consecutive vowels are separated:
!Spelling
*α-ε-τός (eagle)  
|-
*ή-ρω-ας (heros)
|Κάθε λέξη αποτελείται από μικρότερα γράμματα που λέγονται συλλαβές.
π.χ. πα–τέ-ρας
|Each word is composed of several parts, the syllables
Example: πα–τέ-ρας (the father)
|-
|Ο χωρισμός των λέξεων σε συλλαβές γίνεται με βάση κάποιους κανόνες.
Τους κανόνες συλλαβισμού.


'''1)'''  Ένα φωνήεν μπορεί ν’ αποτελεί μόνο του μια συλλαβή σε μια λέξη.
===A consonant between two vowels===
A consonant being between two vowels goes with the second vowel:
*α-γά-πη (love)
*έ-χω (to have )


π.χ. '''ά-νε-μος,''' '''γρα-φεί-ο'''
===Two identical consonants===
|The separation of a word into syllables is called spelling.
Two identical consonants are separated:
Spelling rules:
*κόκ-κι-νο (red)
*μέ-λισ-σα (bee)


'''1)''' A vowel may be just a syllable in a word.
===Two consonants are not separated if...===
Two consonants are not separated if they begin with a Greek word:
*έ-πι-πλο (furniture)
*ά-στε-ρι (star)
===Two consonants are separated if...===
If two consonants do not begin with a Greek word then they are separated:
*πόρ- τα, (door)
*στιγ-μή (dot)


π.χ. '''ά-νε- μος''' , (wind) '''γρα-φεί-ο''' (office)
===3 consonants in a sequence===
|-
The same happens when we have 3 consonants in a sequence.
|Δύο συνεχόμενα φωνήεντα χωρίζονται.
They are not separated when a Greek word begins from the first two.
π.χ. '''α-ε-τός''', '''ή-ρω-ας'''
 
|Two consecutive vowels are separated.
*α- στρα-πή (thunder)
π.χ. '''α-ε-τός''', (eagle)  '''ή-ρω-ας''' (heros)
*ε-χθρός (enemy)
|-
 
|'''2)''' Ένα σύμφωνο, όταν βρίσκεται ανάμεσα σε δύο φωνήεντα,  
*στρα-τός (army)    
πηγαίνει στο δεύτερο φωνήεν.
*χθε-σι-νός (previous)   
 
===No Greek word starts from the first two consonants===
But if no Greek word starts from the first two consonants, they are separated
*άν-θρω-πος
*Νο-έμ-βρι-ος
===Diphthong, conjonctions, double consonants...===
The diphthongs (αι, ει, οι, ου, υι), the conjonctions (αυ και ευ), the double consonants (μπ, ντ, γκ, τσ, τζ), the double vowels (αη, οη, άι, όι) and the abused diphthongs (ια, ιο, ιου, ειος, εια, ειο, οιος, οια, οιο, υα, υου) are not separated.
*παι-δεί-α, ναυ-τι-κό,  τα-μπέ-λα,  κε-λαη-δά,  κά-ποι-ος, λα-λιά, γυά-λα, στα-χυού


π.χ. α-'''γά'''-πη, έ-'''χω'''
===Compound words===
|2) A consonant being between two vowels,
Compound words are divided into its elements:
goes with the second vowel:
*κα-τέ-χω (possess), ε-πί-λο-γος (epilogue)


π.χ. α-'''γά'''-πη (amour ), έ-'''χω''' (avoir )
==Name of words (depending on the number of syllables)==
|-
===monosyllables (1 syllable)===
|'''3 )''' Δύο όμοια σύμφωνα χωρίζονται.
*και (and), με (with), ναι (yes)
π.χ. κό'''κ'''-'''κ'''ι-νο, μέ-λι'''σ'''-'''σ'''α
|3) Two identical consonants are separated.
π.χ. κό'''κ'''-'''κ'''ι-νο (red), μέ-λι'''σ'''-'''σ'''α (bee)
|-
|'''4)''' Δύο σύμφωνα δεν χωρίζονται αν αρχίζει από αυτά '''ελληνική''' λέξη.
π.χ. έ-πι-'''πλ'''ο, ά-'''στ'''ε-ρι
|4) Two consonants are not separated if they begin with a Greek word.
π.χ. έ-πι-'''πλ'''ο (furniture) , ά-'''στ'''ε-ρι (star)
|-
|'''5)''' Αν όμως δεν αρχίζει ελληνική λέξη από αυτά τότε χωρίζονται
π.χ. πό'''ρ'''- '''τ'''α, στι'''γ'''-'''μ'''ή
|5) But if they do not begin with a Greek word then they are separated
π.χ. πό'''ρ'''- '''τ'''α,  (door) στι'''γ'''-'''μ'''ή (dot)
|-
|'''6)'''  Το ίδιο συμβαίνει και όταν έχουμε τρία σύμφωνα στη σειρά.
Δεν χωρίζονται όταν αρχίζει ελληνική λέξη από '''τα δύο πρώτα'''.


π.χ. α- '''στ'''ρα-πή, ε-'''χθ'''ρός
===dissyllables (2 syllables)===
|6) The same happens when we have 3 consonants in a sequence.
*ό-χι,(no)  μέ-σα, (in) πι-κρός (bitter)
They are not separated when a Greek word begins from the first two.
===trisyllables (3 syllables)===
*κα-ρέ-κλα,  (chair) γρα-φεί-ο (office)
===polysyllabes (more than 3 syllables)===
*πο-δή-λα- το (bike) φω-το-γρα-φεί-ο (photographic studio)
 
==Syllables names==
===Last syllable of a word===
The last syllable of a word is called an '''ending''':
*τι-μή (honor)
===Penultimate syllable===
The penultimate syllable is said to be '''conceding'''
*με – λέ – τη (study)
===Third syllable from the end===
The third syllable from the end is said to be a prelude:
*άν-θρω- πος (man)
===First syllable of a word===
The first syllable of a word is called the original syllable:
*κα-ρα-μέ-λα (candy)
===Not emphasized: where?===
No multi-word word is emphasized above the foreword!
*οι-κό-πε-δο (field)


π.χ. α- '''στρα'''-πή (thunder) , ε-'''χθρ'''ός (enemy)
==Videos==
===Greek Pronunciation and Syllabification===
<youtube>7WpiPvfc0sY</youtube>


 '''στρα'''-τός (army)    '''χθ''' εσινός (previous)   
===On which syllable should you put the accent?===
|-
<youtube>7Nc9oYQoTug</youtube>
|'''7)''' Αλλά αν δεν αρχίζει ελληνική λέξη από τα δύο πρώτα σύμφωνα, χωρίζονται.
π.χ. ά'''ν'''-'''θ'''ρω-πος, Νο-έ'''μ'''-'''β'''ρι-ος
|'''7)''' But if no Greek word starts from the first two consonants, they are separated.
π.χ. ά'''ν'''-'''θ'''ρω-πος, Νο-έ'''μ'''-'''β'''ρι-ος
|-
|'''8)''' Οι δίφθογγοι  '''(αι, ει, οι, ου, υι)''', οι σύνδεσμοι '''αυ''' και '''ευ''', τα δίψηφα σύμφωνα '''(μπ, ντ, γκ, τα, τζ'''),
τα δίψηφα φωνήεντα '''(αη, οη, άι, όι''') και οι καταχρηστικοί δίφθογγοι '''(ια, ιο, ιου, ειος, εια, ειο, οιος, οια, οιο,''' '''υα, υου''') δε χωρίζονται.


π.χ. παι-δεί-α, ναυ-τι-κό, τα-μπέ-λα, κε-λαη-δά, κά-ποιος, λα-λιά,
{{#seo:
|title=🇬🇷 Syllabification in Greek
|description=How to pronounce a Greek word you have to break it down into its syllables.
|og:image=https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/images/thumb/a/a8/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_-_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BF.gif/450px-%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_-_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BF.gif
}}


γυά-λα, στα-χυού
[[Category: Greek/Intermediate]]
|8) The diphthongs '''(αι, ει, οι, ου, υ'''ι), the conjonctions  : '''αυ''' και '''ευ''', the double consonants ('''μπ, ντ, γκ, τα, τζ'''), the double vowels ('''αη, οη, άι, όι'''), and the abused diphthongs (ια, ιο, ιου, ειος, εια, ειο, οιος, οια, οιο, υα, υου) are not separated.
π.χ. παι-δεί-α, ναυ-τι-κό,  τα-μπέ-λα,  κε-λαη-δά,  κά-ποιος, λα-λιά,


γυά-λα,   στα-χυού
{{Marianthi-Signature}}
|-
|'''9)''' Οι σύνθετες λέξεις χωρίζονται όπως και οι απλές!!!
π.χ. κα-τέ-χω, ε-πί-λο-γος 
|'''9)''' les mots composés sont divisés en ses éléments
π.χ. κα-τέ-χω, ε-πί-λο-γος 
|-
|'''Ονομασία λέξεων''' ('''ανάλογα με των αριθμό των συλλαβών''')
|'''Nom du mots (en fonction du nombre de syllabes''')
|-
|'''α) μονοσύλλαβες''' (αυτές που έχουν μια συλλαβή)
π.χ. '''και, με, ναι'''
|a)  '''monosyllabes''' ( avec une syllabe)
π.χ. '''και, με, ναι'''
|-
|'''β)''' '''δισύλλαβες''' (αυτές που έχουν δύο συλλαβές)
π.χ. '''ό-χι, μέ-σα, πι-κρός'''
|b) '''dissyllabes''' (ayant deux syllabes)
π.χ'''. ό-χι''',( non )  '''μέ-σα''', (dans ) '''πι-κρός''' (amer )
|-
|'''γ''') '''τρισύλλαβες''' (αυτές που έχουν τρεις συλλαβές)
π.χ. κα-ρέ-κλα, γρα-φεί-ο
|'''c) trisyllabes''' (ayant trois syllabes)
π.χ. κα-ρέ-κλα,  ( chaise ) γρα-φεί-ο ( bureau )
|-
|'''δ) πολυσύλλαβες''' (αυτές που έχουν περισσότερες από τρεις συλλαβές)
π.χ. πο-δή-λα-το, φω-το-γρα-φεί-ο
|'''d) polysyllabes''' (ceux qui ont plus de trois syllabes)
π.χ. πο-δή-λα- το ( velo )  φω-το-γρα-φεί-ο (photographie )
|-
|'''Ονομασία συλλαβών'''
|'''Nom du syllabes '''
|-
|'''1''') Η τελευταία συλλαβή μιας λέξης λέγεται λήγουσα.
Π.χ  τι-'''μή'''
|'''1)''' La dernière syllabe d'un mot s'appelle : '''ligussa'''
Π.χ  τι-'''μή''' ( honneur )
|-
|'''2)''' Η προτελευταία συλλαβή λέγεται παραλήγουσα.
π.χ. με – '''λέ''' – τη
|'''2)''' L'avant-dernière syllabe est dite :'''paralligoussa'''
π.χ. με – '''λέ''' – τη (étude )
|-
|'''3)''' Η Τρίτη συλλαβή από το τέλος λέγεται '''προπαραλήγουσα.'''
Π.χ   '''άν'''-θρω- πος 
|'''3)''' La troisième syllabe de la fin est dite '''proparaligoussa'''
Π.χ   '''άν-'''θρω- πος ( homme )
|-
|'''A )''' Η πρώτη συλλαβή μιας λέξης λέγεται αρχική.
π.χ. '''κα'''-ρα-μέ-λα
|'''A)''' La première syllabe d'un mot s'appelle la syllabe du début.
π.χ. '''κα'''-ρα-μέ-λα
|-
|B) Καμία '''πολυσύλλαβη''' λέξη δεν τονίζεται πιο πάνω από την προπαραλήγουσα!
Π.χ  οι-'''κό'''-πε-δο
|'''B)''' Aucun mot '''polysyllabe''' n'est pas accentué de l'avant
du proparaligoussa !


Π.χ  οι-'''κό'''-πε-δο ( terrain )
==Other Lessons==
|}
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Relative-Pronouns|Relative Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Irregular-adjectives|Irregular adjectives]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Pronoms-interrogatifs|Pronoms interrogatifs]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Les-numéraux-ordinaux--cardinaux|Les numéraux ordinaux cardinaux]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Punctuation|Punctuation]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Participle-spelling|Participle spelling]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Active-and-passive-verbs|Active and passive verbs]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verbes-elliptiques,-impersonnels-et-irréguliers|Verbes elliptiques, impersonnels et irréguliers]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Greek-phonology-of-the-consonants-:--Φφ----Θθ-|Greek phonology of the consonants : Φφ Θθ ]]
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-comma|The comma]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 22:40, 9 April 2023

🇬🇷 Syllabification in Greek
Syllabification in greek language polyglotclub wiki.jpg

Syllabification in Greek refers to the process of dividing words into syllables. In the Greek language, syllables are made up of a vowel sound or a combination of vowel and consonant sounds. The process of syllabification helps with pronunciation and also plays a role in Greek metrics and prosody, which are aspects of Greek poetry and literature. In Greek, syllables can have different structures and can be classified into different types, such as open syllables (ending with a vowel), closed syllables (ending with a consonant), and diphthongs (a combination of two vowel sounds). The syllabification rules in Greek are somewhat complex and are influenced by factors such as the type of vowel, the position of the accent, and the position of the syllable in the word. It is important to note that syllabification can vary slightly between different dialects of Greek and also between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek.

  • Example of syllabification of the word "πατέρας" (the father): πα–τέ-ρας

As you put this lesson behind you, consider investigating these associated subjects to further your growth: Verb To Be, The predicate, Greek Deponent Verbs & Coordinating and Subordinating Conjunctions.

Syllabification Rules[edit | edit source]

A vowel is a syllable[edit | edit source]

A vowel may be just a syllable in a word:

  • ά-νε- μος (wind) 
  • γρα-φεί-ο (office)

Two consecutive vowels[edit | edit source]

Two consecutive vowels are separated:

  • α-ε-τός (eagle)  
  • ή-ρω-ας (heros)

A consonant between two vowels[edit | edit source]

A consonant being between two vowels goes with the second vowel:

  • α-γά-πη (love)
  • έ-χω (to have )

Two identical consonants[edit | edit source]

Two identical consonants are separated:

  • κόκ-κι-νο (red)
  • μέ-λισ-σα (bee)

Two consonants are not separated if...[edit | edit source]

Two consonants are not separated if they begin with a Greek word:

  • έ-πι-πλο (furniture)
  • ά-στε-ρι (star)

Two consonants are separated if...[edit | edit source]

If two consonants do not begin with a Greek word then they are separated:

  • πόρ- τα, (door)
  • στιγ-μή (dot)

3 consonants in a sequence[edit | edit source]

The same happens when we have 3 consonants in a sequence. They are not separated when a Greek word begins from the first two.

  • α- στρα-πή (thunder)
  • ε-χθρός (enemy)
  • στρα-τός (army)    
  • χθε-σι-νός (previous)   

No Greek word starts from the first two consonants[edit | edit source]

But if no Greek word starts from the first two consonants, they are separated

  • άν-θρω-πος
  • Νο-έμ-βρι-ος

Diphthong, conjonctions, double consonants...[edit | edit source]

The diphthongs (αι, ει, οι, ου, υι), the conjonctions (αυ και ευ), the double consonants (μπ, ντ, γκ, τσ, τζ), the double vowels (αη, οη, άι, όι) and the abused diphthongs (ια, ιο, ιου, ειος, εια, ειο, οιος, οια, οιο, υα, υου) are not separated.

  • παι-δεί-α, ναυ-τι-κό,  τα-μπέ-λα,  κε-λαη-δά,  κά-ποι-ος, λα-λιά, γυά-λα, στα-χυού

Compound words[edit | edit source]

Compound words are divided into its elements:

  • κα-τέ-χω (possess), ε-πί-λο-γος (epilogue)

Name of words (depending on the number of syllables)[edit | edit source]

monosyllables (1 syllable)[edit | edit source]

  • και (and), με (with), ναι (yes)

dissyllables (2 syllables)[edit | edit source]

  • ό-χι,(no)  μέ-σα, (in) πι-κρός (bitter)

trisyllables (3 syllables)[edit | edit source]

  • κα-ρέ-κλα,  (chair) γρα-φεί-ο (office)

polysyllabes (more than 3 syllables)[edit | edit source]

  • πο-δή-λα- το (bike) φω-το-γρα-φεί-ο (photographic studio)

Syllables names[edit | edit source]

Last syllable of a word[edit | edit source]

The last syllable of a word is called an ending:

  • τι-μή (honor)

Penultimate syllable[edit | edit source]

The penultimate syllable is said to be conceding

  • με – λέ – τη (study)

Third syllable from the end[edit | edit source]

The third syllable from the end is said to be a prelude:

  • άν-θρω- πος (man)

First syllable of a word[edit | edit source]

The first syllable of a word is called the original syllable:

  • κα-ρα-μέ-λα (candy)

Not emphasized: where?[edit | edit source]

No multi-word word is emphasized above the foreword!

  • οι-κό-πε-δο (field)

Videos[edit | edit source]

Greek Pronunciation and Syllabification[edit | edit source]

On which syllable should you put the accent?[edit | edit source]

Author[edit source]

➡ Marianthi

  • Ευγενική χορηγία που στοχεύει να βοηθήσει μαθητές ή μη, απανταχού της Γης, που επιδίδονται στην εκμάθηση της ελληνικής γλώσσας!
  • Contribution bénévole visant à aider les personnes, partout dans le monde, qui sont engagées dans l'apprentissage de la langue grecque !
  • Voluntary contribution aimed at helping people, all over the world, who are committed to learning the Greek language! 

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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