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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
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{{Armenian-Page-Top}}
{{Armenian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>
Welcome to the exciting world of Armenian grammar! In this lesson, we will embark on a journey to explore the '''past tense''' in Armenian, an essential aspect of the language that will help you express actions that have already happened. Understanding how to navigate this grammatical territory is crucial for effective communication, whether you're sharing stories, recounting experiences, or talking about your daily life.
Throughout this lesson, we will cover the following topics:
* The importance of the past tense in Armenian.
* How to form regular and irregular verb conjugations.
* Practical examples to illustrate usage in different contexts.
* Engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense</div>
By the end of this lesson, you will be well-equipped to use the past tense confidently. So, let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As an Armenian language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am excited to teach you about the past tense in Armenian. Knowing how to form and use the past tense is an essential part of communicating in any language, so let's dive right in! In this lesson on past tense, I will cover regular and irregular verb conjugations, common usage, and provide practice exercises to help you become comfortable using the past tense in various contexts.
=== Importance of the Past Tense ===
 
The past tense is a fundamental component of any language. It's how we narrate our experiences, share our stories, and connect with others through shared memories. In Armenian, the past tense allows you to discuss events that have occurred, making it a vital tool for conversation. Mastering this tense will enable you to engage more deeply with the language and the culture.
 
=== Overview of Past Tense Conjugation ===
 
In Armenian, verb conjugation in the past tense can be a bit tricky, as it involves both regular and irregular forms. We will break down these forms into manageable parts.
 
==== Regular Verbs ====
 
Regular verbs in Armenian generally follow predictable patterns when conjugated in the past tense. The endings will vary based on the subject pronoun.
 
Here’s the basic structure to remember:
 
* '''For singular subjects (I, you, he/she):'''
 
* Add '''-ել''' (el) to the verb root for the first person (I).
 
* Add '''-եց''' (ets) for the second person (you).
 
* Add '''-եց''' (ets) for the third person (he/she).
 
* '''For plural subjects:'''
 
* Add '''-եցին''' (etsin) for the first person plural (we).
 
* Add '''-եցիք''' (etsik) for the second person plural (you all).
 
* Add '''-եցին''' (etsin) for the third person plural (they).
 
Let’s look at a table of examples for regular verbs:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| գրել  || grel || to write
 
|-
 
| գրեցի  || grets'i || I wrote
 
|-
 
| գրեց  || grets || you wrote
 
|-
 
| գրեց  || grets || he/she wrote
 
|-
 
| գրեցին  || grets'in || we wrote
 
|-
 
| գրեցիք  || grets'ik || you all wrote
 
|-
 
| գրեցին  || grets'in || they wrote
 
|}
 
==== Irregular Verbs ====


== Regular Past Tense Verbs ==
Irregular verbs do not follow the standard patterns and must be memorized. Some common irregular verbs include:


In Armenian, the regular past tense verb form is formed by adding -ացրել (-ats'rel) to the infinitive form of the verb. For example, the verb խնայել (khna-yel) means "to sleep," so to form the past tense, we add -ացրել to the end, resulting in խնայացրել (khna-ats'rel) or "slept."
1. '''լինել''' (linel) – to be


Here are some more examples:
2. '''հեռանալ''' (herranal) – to leave
 
3. '''տեսնել''' (tesnel) – to see
 
Let's see how these verbs are conjugated in the past tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| լինել  || linel || to be
|-
| եմ  || yem || I was
|-
| ես  || yes || you were
|-
| է  || e || he/she was
|-
| ենք  || yenk || we were
|-
| եք  || yek || you all were
|-
| են  || yen || they were
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| հեռանալ  || herranal || to leave
|-
| հեռացա  || herratsa || I left
|-
| հեռացար  || herratsar || you left
|-
| հեռացավ  || herratsav || he/she left
|-
| հեռացանք  || herratsank || we left
|-
| հեռացաք  || herratsak || you all left
|-
| հեռացան  || herratsan || they left
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| տեսնել  || tesnel || to see
|-
| տեսա  || tes'a || I saw
|-
| տեսար  || tes'ar || you saw
|-
|-
| խոսել || khosel || talked
 
| տեսավ  || tes'av || he/she saw
 
|-
|-
| գնալ || gnal || went
 
| տեսանք  || tes'ank || we saw
 
|-
 
| տեսաք  || tes'ak || you all saw
 
|-
|-
| բարել || barel || ran
 
| տեսան  || tes'an || they saw
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the regular past tense form is formed by adding -ացրել to the end of the infinitive verb form.
=== Using the Past Tense in Context ===
 
Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the past tense is just the beginning. The next step is to learn how to use it in real-life contexts. Here are some situations where you will commonly use the past tense:
 
1. '''Sharing Memories:'''
 
* "Yesterday, I visited my grandmother." (Երեկ, ես այցելեցի իմ տատիկին։)
 
2. '''Discussing Past Events:'''
 
* "We celebrated my birthday last week." (Մենք նշել ենք իմ ծնունդը անցած շաբաթ։)


== Irregular Past Tense Verbs ==
3. '''Talking about Experiences:'''


In addition to regular past tense verbs, there are many irregular past tense verbs in Armenian that you will need to memorize. These verbs do not follow the standard -ացրել conjugation and have unique forms for the past tense.
* "I traveled to Armenia last summer." (Ես անցյալ ամառ այցելեցի Հայաստան։)


Here are some common irregular verbs and their past tense forms:
Let’s see a few more examples in a table:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ես գնացի  || Yes gnatsi || I went
|-
| Նա լսեց  || Na lsets || He/she listened
|-
|-
| ել || yel || came
 
| Մենք խաղացինք  || Menk khaghats'ink || We played
 
|-
|-
| գումար || gumar || thought
 
| Դուք տեսաք  || Duk tes'ak || You saw
 
|-
|-
| տալ || tal || gave
 
| Նրանք խոսեցին  || Nrank' khos'ets' || They spoke
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the past tense forms of these verbs do not follow the standard -ացրել conjugation, so it's important to memorize them through practice.
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that you have a grasp of the past tense, it's time to put your skills to the test. Here are 10 exercises designed to reinforce your learning:
 
1. '''Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:'''
 
* (to eat) ուտել
 
* (to drink) խմել
 
* (to read) կարդալ
 
2. '''Translate the following sentences into Armenian:'''
 
* "I wrote a letter."
 
* "They played football."
 
* "He saw a movie."
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in past tense:'''
 
* Yesterday, I (to go) __________ to the market.
 
* We (to meet) __________ our friends last night.
 
* She (to finish) __________ her homework.
 
4. '''Match the English sentences with their Armenian translations:'''
 
* "You were happy."
 
* "We left early."


== Using the Past Tense ==
* "I saw the mountains."


Now that you know how to form the past tense in Armenian, it's important to learn when to use it. The past tense is used to describe actions or events that have already happened in the past, and it is often equivalent to the English simple past tense.
* * A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"


For example, "I walked to the store yesterday" would be translated to "Ես երեկ դիմեցի խանութ" (Yes er-yek' dimetsi khanut') in Armenian.
* B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"  


Here are some more examples:
* C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"


* Քանի՞ տարի առաջ գումարը մտածեցրեց։ (Kani tar-i ari gumar-e mtatserts'?)- "How many years ago did he think?"
5. '''What is the past tense form of the following irregular verbs?'''
* Երկու օր առաջ եկավ որդինը։ (Yerku or-a araj ek-av vord-in) - "The child came two days ago."


In Armenian, it's important to remember that the past tense form agrees with both the subject and object of the sentence. This means that the verb form will change depending on the gender and number of both the subject and object.
* (to be) լինել


For example, if we want to say "I saw the cat," we would need to use the correct past tense verb form for both "I" and "cat" to reflect their gender and number:
* (to leave) հեռանալ


* Ես տեսային եմ կատու մեծ։ (Es tesayin em kat-u me-ts') - "I saw the big cat."
* (to see) տեսնել


Here, the verb form տեսային (tesayin) agrees with both "I" (ես) and "cat" (կատու) in gender and number.
6. '''Create three sentences using the past tense about your last vacation.'''


== Practice Exercises ==
7. '''Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:'''


To become comfortable using the past tense in Armenian, it's essential to practice with exercises. Here are some practice exercises to get you started:
* "Ես գնացի երեկ տունը." (I went home yesterday.)


* Translate the following English sentences into Armenian using the past tense:
* "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ." (He listened to music yesterday.)


1. They arrived at the airport five hours ago.
8. '''Write a short paragraph about a memorable event in your life using at least five verbs in the past tense.'''
2. She sang a beautiful song last night.
3. He studied for three hours yesterday.


* Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:
9. '''Transform the following present tense sentences into past tense:'''


1. գալ (gal) - to come
* "I eat breakfast."
2. գցել (gts'el) - to tie
3. բաղկացած (bagh-tsats') - to be full


== Conclusion ==
* "They play games."


The past tense is an essential part of any language, and mastering it is an important step in becoming proficient in Armenian. In this lesson, we covered regular and irregular past tense verb conjugations, common usage, and practice exercises to help you become comfortable using the past tense in various contexts. With practice, you can become confident in forming and using the past tense in Armenian conversation. Happy learning!
* "She reads books."
 
10. '''Identify the subject and verb in the following past tense sentences:'''
 
* "Մենք գնացինք զբոսանքի։" (We went for a walk.)
 
* "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։" (He saw a movie.)
 
=== Answers and Explanations ===
 
Here are the answers to the exercises for your reference:
 
1.  
 
* ուտել: ուտեցի (I ate), ուտեց (you ate), ուտեց (he/she ate), ուտեցինք (we ate), ուտեցիք (you all ate), ուտեցին (they ate)
 
* խմել: խմեցի (I drank), խմեց (you drank), խմեց (he/she drank), խմեցինք (we drank), խմեցիք (you all drank), խմեցին (they drank)
 
* կարդալ: կարդացի (I read), կարդաց (you read), կարդաց (he/she read), կարդացինք (we read), կարդացիք (you all read), կարդացին (they read)
 
2.
 
* "Ես գրեցի նամակ։"
 
* "Նրանք խաղացին ֆուտբոլ։"
 
* "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։"
 
3.
 
* Yesterday, I (to go) '''գնացի''' to the market.
 
* We (to meet) '''հանդիպեցինք''' our friends last night.
 
* She (to finish) '''ավարտեց''' her homework.
 
4.
 
* "You were happy." - C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"
 
* "We left early." - B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
 
* "I saw the mountains." - A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"
 
5.
 
* (to be) եմ (I was)
 
* (to leave) հեռացա (I left)
 
* (to see) տեսա (I saw)
 
6. (Answers will vary, but should use past tense verbs.)
 
7.
 
* "Ես գնացի երեկ տուն։"
 
* "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ։"
 
8. (Answers will vary, but should include at least five past tense verbs.)
 
9.
 
* "I eat breakfast." → "Ես ուտեցի նախաճաշ։"
 
* "They play games." → "Նրանք խաղացին խաղեր։"
 
* "She reads books." → "Նա կարդաց գրքեր։"
 
10.
 
* "Մենք" is the subject, "գնացինք" is the verb.
 
* "Նա" is the subject, "տեսավ" is the verb.
 
By the end of this lesson, you should feel more confident in your ability to use the past tense in Armenian. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep engaging with the language, and don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as needed.
 
Happy learning!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Armenian Grammar Verbs and Tenses Past Tense Lesson
 
|keywords=Armenian language, past tense, regular past tense, irregular past tense, usage
|title=Armenian Grammar: Mastering the Past Tense
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the past tense in Armenian. Learn about regular and irregular verbs and their usage. Become proficient in the past tense for Armenian conversations.
 
|keywords=Armenian language, past tense, Armenian grammar, beginner Armenian, verb conjugation
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the past tense in Armenian, including regular and irregular verb conjugations, with plenty of examples and exercises.
 
}}
}}


{{Armenian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Armenian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


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==Videos==


===Armenian Past Tense Explained - Learn Armenian Language Basics ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzN45d9aSdM</youtube>




==Videos==


===Armenian Past Tense Explained - Learn Armenian Language Basics ...===
==Sources==
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzN45d9aSdM</youtube>
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Armenian/Grammar Armenian/Grammar - Wikibooks, open books for an open world]
* [https://www.routledge.com/Beginning-Armenian-A-Communicative-Textbook/Karamanoukian/p/book/9780367408558 Beginning Armenian: A Communicative Textbook - 1st Edition ...]
 




==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Apostrophes-and-Hyphens|Apostrophes and Hyphens]]
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Apostrophes-and-Hyphens|Apostrophes and Hyphens]]
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
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<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Armenian/Grammar Armenian/Grammar - Wikibooks, open books for an open world]
* [https://www.routledge.com/Beginning-Armenian-A-Communicative-Textbook/Karamanoukian/p/book/9780367408558 Beginning Armenian: A Communicative Textbook - 1st Edition ...]


{{Armenian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Armenian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Armenian/Vocabulary/Modes-of-Transportation|Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 01:20, 2 August 2024

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️

Armenian-Language-Polyglotclub.png
Armenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense

Welcome to the exciting world of Armenian grammar! In this lesson, we will embark on a journey to explore the past tense in Armenian, an essential aspect of the language that will help you express actions that have already happened. Understanding how to navigate this grammatical territory is crucial for effective communication, whether you're sharing stories, recounting experiences, or talking about your daily life.

Throughout this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

  • The importance of the past tense in Armenian.
  • How to form regular and irregular verb conjugations.
  • Practical examples to illustrate usage in different contexts.
  • Engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.

By the end of this lesson, you will be well-equipped to use the past tense confidently. So, let’s dive in!

Importance of the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense is a fundamental component of any language. It's how we narrate our experiences, share our stories, and connect with others through shared memories. In Armenian, the past tense allows you to discuss events that have occurred, making it a vital tool for conversation. Mastering this tense will enable you to engage more deeply with the language and the culture.

Overview of Past Tense Conjugation[edit | edit source]

In Armenian, verb conjugation in the past tense can be a bit tricky, as it involves both regular and irregular forms. We will break down these forms into manageable parts.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Armenian generally follow predictable patterns when conjugated in the past tense. The endings will vary based on the subject pronoun.

Here’s the basic structure to remember:

  • For singular subjects (I, you, he/she):
  • Add -ել (el) to the verb root for the first person (I).
  • Add -եց (ets) for the second person (you).
  • Add -եց (ets) for the third person (he/she).
  • For plural subjects:
  • Add -եցին (etsin) for the first person plural (we).
  • Add -եցիք (etsik) for the second person plural (you all).
  • Add -եցին (etsin) for the third person plural (they).

Let’s look at a table of examples for regular verbs:

Armenian Pronunciation English
գրել grel to write
գրեցի grets'i I wrote
գրեց grets you wrote
գրեց grets he/she wrote
գրեցին grets'in we wrote
գրեցիք grets'ik you all wrote
գրեցին grets'in they wrote

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs do not follow the standard patterns and must be memorized. Some common irregular verbs include:

1. լինել (linel) – to be

2. հեռանալ (herranal) – to leave

3. տեսնել (tesnel) – to see

Let's see how these verbs are conjugated in the past tense:

Armenian Pronunciation English
լինել linel to be
եմ yem I was
ես yes you were
է e he/she was
ենք yenk we were
եք yek you all were
են yen they were
Armenian Pronunciation English
հեռանալ herranal to leave
հեռացա herratsa I left
հեռացար herratsar you left
հեռացավ herratsav he/she left
հեռացանք herratsank we left
հեռացաք herratsak you all left
հեռացան herratsan they left
Armenian Pronunciation English
տեսնել tesnel to see
տեսա tes'a I saw
տեսար tes'ar you saw
տեսավ tes'av he/she saw
տեսանք tes'ank we saw
տեսաք tes'ak you all saw
տեսան tes'an they saw

Using the Past Tense in Context[edit | edit source]

Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the past tense is just the beginning. The next step is to learn how to use it in real-life contexts. Here are some situations where you will commonly use the past tense:

1. Sharing Memories:

  • "Yesterday, I visited my grandmother." (Երեկ, ես այցելեցի իմ տատիկին։)

2. Discussing Past Events:

  • "We celebrated my birthday last week." (Մենք նշել ենք իմ ծնունդը անցած շաբաթ։)

3. Talking about Experiences:

  • "I traveled to Armenia last summer." (Ես անցյալ ամառ այցելեցի Հայաստան։)

Let’s see a few more examples in a table:

Armenian Pronunciation English
Ես գնացի Yes gnatsi I went
Նա լսեց Na lsets He/she listened
Մենք խաղացինք Menk khaghats'ink We played
Դուք տեսաք Duk tes'ak You saw
Նրանք խոսեցին Nrank' khos'ets' They spoke

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a grasp of the past tense, it's time to put your skills to the test. Here are 10 exercises designed to reinforce your learning:

1. Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:

  • (to eat) ուտել
  • (to drink) խմել
  • (to read) կարդալ

2. Translate the following sentences into Armenian:

  • "I wrote a letter."
  • "They played football."
  • "He saw a movie."

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in past tense:

  • Yesterday, I (to go) __________ to the market.
  • We (to meet) __________ our friends last night.
  • She (to finish) __________ her homework.

4. Match the English sentences with their Armenian translations:

  • "You were happy."
  • "We left early."
  • "I saw the mountains."
  • * A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"
  • B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
  • C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"

5. What is the past tense form of the following irregular verbs?

  • (to be) լինել
  • (to leave) հեռանալ
  • (to see) տեսնել

6. Create three sentences using the past tense about your last vacation.

7. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

  • "Ես գնացի երեկ տունը." (I went home yesterday.)
  • "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ." (He listened to music yesterday.)

8. Write a short paragraph about a memorable event in your life using at least five verbs in the past tense.

9. Transform the following present tense sentences into past tense:

  • "I eat breakfast."
  • "They play games."
  • "She reads books."

10. Identify the subject and verb in the following past tense sentences:

  • "Մենք գնացինք զբոսանքի։" (We went for a walk.)
  • "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։" (He saw a movie.)

Answers and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Here are the answers to the exercises for your reference:

1.

  • ուտել: ուտեցի (I ate), ուտեց (you ate), ուտեց (he/she ate), ուտեցինք (we ate), ուտեցիք (you all ate), ուտեցին (they ate)
  • խմել: խմեցի (I drank), խմեց (you drank), խմեց (he/she drank), խմեցինք (we drank), խմեցիք (you all drank), խմեցին (they drank)
  • կարդալ: կարդացի (I read), կարդաց (you read), կարդաց (he/she read), կարդացինք (we read), կարդացիք (you all read), կարդացին (they read)

2.

  • "Ես գրեցի նամակ։"
  • "Նրանք խաղացին ֆուտբոլ։"
  • "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։"

3.

  • Yesterday, I (to go) գնացի to the market.
  • We (to meet) հանդիպեցինք our friends last night.
  • She (to finish) ավարտեց her homework.

4.

  • "You were happy." - C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"
  • "We left early." - B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
  • "I saw the mountains." - A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"

5.

  • (to be) եմ (I was)
  • (to leave) հեռացա (I left)
  • (to see) տեսա (I saw)

6. (Answers will vary, but should use past tense verbs.)

7.

  • "Ես գնացի երեկ տուն։"
  • "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ։"

8. (Answers will vary, but should include at least five past tense verbs.)

9.

  • "I eat breakfast." → "Ես ուտեցի նախաճաշ։"
  • "They play games." → "Նրանք խաղացին խաղեր։"
  • "She reads books." → "Նա կարդաց գրքեր։"

10.

  • "Մենք" is the subject, "գնացինք" is the verb.
  • "Նա" is the subject, "տեսավ" is the verb.

By the end of this lesson, you should feel more confident in your ability to use the past tense in Armenian. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep engaging with the language, and don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as needed.

Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Armenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Numbers and Time


Basic Sentence Structure


Family and Relationships


Nouns and Pronouns


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Armenian Traditions and Customs

Videos[edit | edit source]

Armenian Past Tense Explained - Learn Armenian Language Basics ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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