Difference between revisions of "Language/Romanian/Grammar/Basic-Prepositions"

Latest revision as of 17:20, 17 June 2023

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️

Romanian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Basic Prepositions

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on Basic Prepositions in Romanian! In this lesson, we will explore the fundamental prepositions that are commonly used in the Romanian language. Prepositions are essential in constructing meaningful sentences, as they indicate the relationship between different elements of a sentence. By understanding and using prepositions correctly, you will be able to express location, time, and direction in Romanian with ease.

This lesson is part of our "Complete 0 to A1 Romanian Course" and is designed for complete beginners who are looking to build a strong foundation in the Romanian language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the basic prepositions in Romanian and how to use them in various contexts.

Let's dive into the fascinating world of prepositions and discover how they contribute to the beauty and expressiveness of the Romanian language!

Basic Prepositions[edit | edit source]

In Romanian, prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence. They indicate various relationships such as location, direction, time, means, and manner. In this section, we will explore the most commonly used basic prepositions in Romanian. Let's take a closer look at each of them and understand their usage through examples.

În (In)[edit | edit source]

The preposition "în" is used to express location, both in a physical and metaphorical sense. It is equivalent to the English preposition "in". Here are some examples:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English Translation
În casă	een kah-suh	In the house
În oraș	een oh-rahsh	In the city
În România	een roh-muh-nyah	In Romania
În iulie	een yoo-lee-eh	In July

Pe (On)[edit | edit source]

The preposition "pe" is used to express location on a surface or a specific point. It is equivalent to the English preposition "on". Let's see some examples:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English Translation
Pe masă	peh mah-suh	On the table
Pe stradă	peh strah-duh	On the street
Pe hartă	peh har-tuh	On the map
Pe umeri	peh oo-meh-ree	On the shoulders

Sub (Under)[edit | edit source]

The preposition "sub" is used to express location below or under something. It is equivalent to the English preposition "under". Here are a few examples:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English Translation
Sub masă	soob mah-suh	Under the table
Sub apă	soob ah-puh	Underwater
Sub geam	soob jeh-ahm	Under the window
Sub umbrelă	soob oom-breh-luh	Under the umbrella

Peste (Over, Across)[edit | edit source]

The preposition "peste" is used to express movement over or across something. It is equivalent to the English prepositions "over" or "across". Let's explore some examples:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English Translation
Peste râu	pes-teh ruh	Over the river
Peste pod	pes-teh pod	Across the bridge
Peste munte	pes-teh moon-teh	Over the mountain
Peste ocean	pes-teh oh-shahn	Across the ocean

Între (Between)[edit | edit source]

The preposition "între" is used to express a position between two or more objects or people. It is equivalent to the English preposition "between". Let's see some examples:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English Translation
Între frați	een-treh frahts	Between brothers
Între părinți	een-treh puh-reen-tsee	Between parents
Între case	een-treh kah-seh	Between houses
Între două orașe	een-treh doh-wah oh-rah-sheh	Between two cities

These are just a few examples of the basic prepositions in Romanian. As you progress in your Romanian language learning journey, you will encounter more prepositions that add depth and precision to your communication.

Cultural Insight: Regional Variations[edit | edit source]

Just like any other language, Romanian also has regional variations when it comes to the usage and understanding of prepositions. Different dialects and regional accents may influence the choice and usage of prepositions in certain areas of Romania.

For example, in the Moldova region of Romania, people tend to use the preposition "la" instead of "în" when referring to being at a specific location. So, instead of saying "în casă" (in the house), they would say "la casă". This variation is a result of the historical influences and linguistic peculiarities of the region.

It's always interesting to explore these regional variations and understand the cultural and historical reasons behind them. It not only enriches your linguistic knowledge but also gives you insights into the diverse cultural landscape of Romania.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let's put your knowledge of basic prepositions into practice with some exercises. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct preposition from the options provided:

1. Am pus florile __ masă.

  a) în
  b) pe
  c) sub
  d) peste

2. Locuiesc __ București.

  a) în
  b) pe
  c) sub
  d) peste

3. Mergem __ munte în vacanță.

  a) în
  b) pe
  c) sub
  d) peste

4. Vom întâlni __ prieteni la restaurant.

  a) în
  b) pe
  c) sub
  d) peste

5. Copiii s-au ascuns __ pat.

  a) în
  b) pe
  c) sub
  d) peste

Solutions: 1. b) pe 2. a) în 3. a) în 4. b) pe 5. c) sub

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the lesson on Basic Prepositions in Romanian! You have learned some of the most commonly used prepositions and how to use them to express location and relationships in Romanian. Remember to practice using these prepositions in context to enhance your understanding and fluency.

Continue practicing and building upon your knowledge of prepositions as you progress through the "Complete 0 to A1 Romanian Course". In the next lesson, we will explore Basic Conjunctions in Romanian, which will further expand your ability to connect ideas and express relationships in sentences.

Learning prepositions can be challenging, but with dedication and practice, you will become more confident in using them accurately. Keep up the great work, and soon you'll be navigating the world of Romanian with ease!

Table of Contents - Romanian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Pronouns and Verbs

Numbers and Time

Adjectives and Adverbs

Family and Friends

Prepositions and Conjunctions

Food and Drinks

Questions and Negations

Locations and Directions

Plurals and Articles

Hobbies and Activities

Romanian Culture and Traditions

Imperatives and Requests

Travel and Transportation

Romanian Geography and History

Videos[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 9: Morphology - The Preposition ...[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 1: Syntax - Building Sentences ...[edit | edit source]

Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 6: Morphology - The Pronoun (1 ...[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Romanian/Vocabulary/Describing-Relationships|◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Basic-Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Romanian-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Romanian|Romanian]]  → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Basic Prepositions</div>
 __TOC__
-As a Romanian language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I understand the importance of learning prepositions in any language. Prepositions are essential in forming meaningful sentences, conveying location and movement, and describing the relationships between objects, people, and ideas. In this lesson, we will focus on some of the most basic prepositions in Romanian and how to use them in various contexts.
+== Introduction ==
+Welcome to the lesson on Basic Prepositions in Romanian! In this lesson, we will explore the fundamental prepositions that are commonly used in the Romanian language. Prepositions are essential in constructing meaningful sentences, as they indicate the relationship between different elements of a sentence. By understanding and using prepositions correctly, you will be able to express location, time, and direction in Romanian with ease.
+This lesson is part of our "Complete 0 to A1 Romanian Course" and is designed for complete beginners who are looking to build a strong foundation in the Romanian language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the basic prepositions in Romanian and how to use them in various contexts.
-== What are Prepositions? ==
+Let's dive into the fascinating world of prepositions and discover how they contribute to the beauty and expressiveness of the Romanian language!
-Prepositions are words used to connect nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence. They are used to indicate direction, location, separation or attachment, time, and various other concepts. Prepositions typically come before a noun or pronoun and cannot stand alone in a sentence.
+== Basic Prepositions ==
-There are many prepositions in Romanian, but we will start with the most basic ones which are essential for beginners to learn.
+In Romanian, prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence. They indicate various relationships such as location, direction, time, means, and manner. In this section, we will explore the most commonly used basic prepositions in Romanian. Let's take a closer look at each of them and understand their usage through examples.
-== Basic Prepositions in Romanian ==
+=== În (In) ===
-Below are some of the most common prepositions used in Romanian:
+The preposition "în" is used to express location, both in a physical and metaphorical sense. It is equivalent to the English preposition "in". Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 |-
-| în || [ɨn] || in / inside
+| În casă || een kah-suh || In the house
+|-
+| În oraș || een oh-rahsh || In the city
+|-
+| În România || een roh-muh-nyah || In Romania
+|-
+| În iulie || een yoo-lee-eh || In July
+|}
+=== Pe (On) ===
+The preposition "pe" is used to express location on a surface or a specific point. It is equivalent to the English preposition "on". Let's see some examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 |-
-| pe || [pe] || on / over / upon
+| Pe masă || peh mah-suh || On the table
 |-
-| sub || [sub] || under / below
+| Pe stradă || peh strah-duh || On the street
 |-
-| peste || [pest̪e] || across / beyond
+| Pe hartă || peh har-tuh || On the map
 |-
-| deasupra || [deasu'pra] || above / up
+| Pe umeri || peh oo-meh-ree || On the shoulders
+|}
+=== Sub (Under) ===
+The preposition "sub" is used to express location below or under something. It is equivalent to the English preposition "under". Here are a few examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 |-
-| în fața || [ɨn 'fats̪a] || in front of
+| Sub masă || soob mah-suh || Under the table
 |-
-| în spate || [ɨn 'spate] || behind
+| Sub apă || soob ah-puh || Underwater
 |-
-| lângă || ['laŋgə] || near / beside
+| Sub geam || soob jeh-ahm || Under the window
 |-
-| printre || ['printre] || among / between
+| Sub umbrelă || soob oom-breh-luh || Under the umbrella
 |}
-Note that Romanian prepositions can change their form depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun they are used with. However, in this lesson, we will only focus on the basic form of each preposition.
+=== Peste (Over, Across) ===
-== Using Prepositions in Romanian Sentences ==
+The preposition "peste" is used to express movement over or across something. It is equivalent to the English prepositions "over" or "across". Let's explore some examples:
-Prepositions can be used in various ways in a sentence, depending on the context and intention of the speaker. Below are some examples of how to use the basic prepositions we learned above:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
+|-
+| Peste râu || pes-teh ruh || Over the river
+|-
+| Peste pod || pes-teh pod || Across the bridge
+|-
+| Peste munte || pes-teh moon-teh || Over the mountain
+|-
+| Peste ocean || pes-teh oh-shahn || Across the ocean
+|}
-=== Using "în" ===
+=== Între (Between) ===
-* Eu sunt în clasă. (I am in class.)
-* Cartea este în rucsacul meu. (The book is in my backpack.)
-* Mergeți în parc? (Are you going to the park?)
-=== Using "pe" ===
+The preposition "între" is used to express a position between two or more objects or people. It is equivalent to the English preposition "between". Let's see some examples:
-* O carte e pe masă. (A book is on the table.)
-* El merge pe strada principală. (He walks on the main street.)
-* Mătasea este pe scaun. (The silk is on the chair.)
-=== Using "sub" ===
+{| class="wikitable"
-* Telefonul meu este sub pernă. (My phone is under the pillow.)
+! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-* Paharul este sub masă. (The glass is under the table.)
+|-
-* Umbrela este sub scaun. (The umbrella is under the chair.)
+| Între frați || een-treh frahts || Between brothers
+|-
+| Între părinți || een-treh puh-reen-tsee || Between parents
+|-
+| Între case || een-treh kah-seh || Between houses
+|-
+| Între două orașe || een-treh doh-wah oh-rah-sheh || Between two cities
+|}
+These are just a few examples of the basic prepositions in Romanian. As you progress in your Romanian language learning journey, you will encounter more prepositions that add depth and precision to your communication.
+== Cultural Insight: Regional Variations ==
+Just like any other language, Romanian also has regional variations when it comes to the usage and understanding of prepositions. Different dialects and regional accents may influence the choice and usage of prepositions in certain areas of Romania.
+For example, in the Moldova region of Romania, people tend to use the preposition "la" instead of "în" when referring to being at a specific location. So, instead of saying "în casă" (in the house), they would say "la casă". This variation is a result of the historical influences and linguistic peculiarities of the region.
+It's always interesting to explore these regional variations and understand the cultural and historical reasons behind them. It not only enriches your linguistic knowledge but also gives you insights into the diverse cultural landscape of Romania.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now, let's put your knowledge of basic prepositions into practice with some exercises. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct preposition from the options provided:
-=== Using "peste" ===
+. Am pus florile __ masă.
-* Am mers peste pod. (We went across the bridge.)
+   a) în
-* Vedem muntele peste ape. (We see the mountain beyond the waters.)
+   b) pe
-* Campusul este peste drum. (The campus is across the street.)
+   c) sub
+   d) peste
-=== Using "deasupra" ===
+. Locuiesc __ București.
-* Soarele este deasupra norilor. (The sun is above the clouds.)
+   a) în
-* Păsările zboară deasupra copacilor. (The birds fly above the trees.)
+   b) pe
-* Aproape deasupra țării noastre este mai mult cer. (Almost above our country, there's more sky.)
+   c) sub
+   d) peste
-=== Using "în fața" ===
+. Mergem __ munte în vacanță.
-* Eu stau în fața casei tale. (I'm standing in front of your house.)
+   a) în
-* El este în fața noastră. (He is in front of us.)
+   b) pe
-* Fata ta în fața teatrului așteaptă un taxi. (Your daughter is waiting for a taxi in front of the theater.)
+   c) sub
+   d) peste
-=== Using "în spate" ===
+. Vom întâlni __ prieteni la restaurant.
-* Eu merg în spatele tău. (I'm walking behind you.)
+   a) în
-* Cartea este în spatele laptopului meu. (The book is behind my laptop.)
+   b) pe
-* Fetițele mele se joacă în spatele casei. (My little girls are playing behind the house.)
+   c) sub
+   d) peste
-=== Using "lângă" ===
+. Copiii s-au ascuns __ pat.
-* Eu am parcat lângă castel. (I parked near the castle.)
+   a) în
-* Restaurantul este lângă stadionul orașului. (The restaurant is next to the city's stadium.)
+   b) pe
-* M-am cumpărat haine lângă tine la magazin. (I bought clothes next to you in the store.)
+   c) sub
+   d) peste
-=== Using "printre" ===
+Solutions:
-* Printre nori se poate vedea soarele. (The sun can be seen among the clouds.)
+. b) pe
-* Văd un pupic printre sânii tăi. (I see a mole among your breasts.)
+. a) în
-* Am găsit mere bune printre acelea stricate. (I found good apples among the rotten ones.)
+. a) în
+. b) pe
+. c) sub
 == Conclusion ==
-Prepositions are essential in any language and Romanian is no exception. In this lesson, we learned some of the most basic prepositions in Romanian and how to use them in various contexts. By practicing their usage, you can improve your ability to form meaningful sentences and convey your intended meaning more accurately.
+Congratulations on completing the lesson on Basic Prepositions in Romanian! You have learned some of the most commonly used prepositions and how to use them to express location and relationships in Romanian. Remember to practice using these prepositions in context to enhance your understanding and fluency.
+Continue practicing and building upon your knowledge of prepositions as you progress through the "Complete 0 to A1 Romanian Course". In the next lesson, we will explore Basic Conjunctions in Romanian, which will further expand your ability to connect ideas and express relationships in sentences.
-Don't hesitate to practice using these prepositions in your Romanian conversations, and try to add more complex ones to your vocabulary over time. With dedication and consistency, you can build a strong foundation in Romanian grammar and become proficient in no time.
+Learning prepositions can be challenging, but with dedication and practice, you will become more confident in using them accurately. Keep up the great work, and soon you'll be navigating the world of Romanian with ease!
 {{#seo:
-|title=Romanian Grammar: Prepositions and Conjunctions - Basic Prepositions
+|title=Romanian Grammar → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Basic Prepositions
-|keywords=Romanian grammar, basic prepositions, Romanian vocabulary
+|keywords=Romanian grammar, Romanian prepositions, basic prepositions in Romanian, Romanian language, learn Romanian
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn some of the most basic prepositions in Romanian, such as in, on, under, and between. Practice how to use them to express different concepts in meaningful sentences, and become proficient in Romanian grammar.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basic prepositions in Romanian such as in, on, under, and between. Explore the usage of these prepositions, cultural insights, and practice exercises.
 }}
@@ Line 109: / Line 176: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Romanian-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Videos==
+===Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 9: Morphology - The Preposition ...===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bUH0AxGEZ4</youtube>
+===Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 1: Syntax - Building Sentences ...===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JoA52RCnO0c</youtube>
+===Basic Romanian Grammar Lesson 6: Morphology - The Pronoun (1 ...===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7eIrbw0xbY</youtube>
+==Sources==
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_grammar Romanian grammar - Wikipedia]
+* [http://mylanguages.org/romanian_prepositions.php Romanian Prepositions]
+* [http://learn101.org/romanian_grammar.php Romanian Grammar | LEARN101.ORG]
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Cardinal-Numbers-in-Romanian|Cardinal Numbers in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Ablative-Case-in-Romanian|Ablative Case in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Relative-Pronouns-and-Clauses|Relative Pronouns and Clauses]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Romanian|Possessive Case in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Romanian|Indefinite Articles in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Direct-and-Indirect-Speech|Direct and Indirect Speech]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Genitive-Case-in-Romanian|Genitive Case in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
 {{Romanian-Page-Bottom}}
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Romanian/Vocabulary/Describing-Relationships|◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Basic-Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Basic Conjunctions ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>