Difference between revisions of "Language/English/Grammar/Irregular-Verbs"

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Verbs in English are irregular if they don't have an usual "'''ed'''" ending (such as "studi'''ed'''") in the past tense and/or the past participle forms.
[[File:English-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Verbes-irrguliers-anglais-cours-exercices-pdf.jpg|thumb]]


Welcome to our lesson on English Irregular Verbs!
In this lesson, we will explore verbs in English that are considered irregular because they don't follow the usual "'''ed'''" ending (such as "studi'''ed'''") in the past tense and/or the past participle forms. 📚
Let's dive into the world of irregular verbs and enhance your English language proficiency!
__TOC__
*Note: After mastering irregular verbs, you might also be interested in learning about other aspects of English grammar. For instance, you can check out our lesson on [[Language/English/Grammar/Common-Mistake-What-That|common English grammar mistakes]] to avoid pitfalls in your writing and speaking. Additionally, our lesson on [[Language/English/Grammar/Legitimate-Ellipsis-and-False-Ellipsis|ellipsis in English grammar]] can help you understand the difference between legitimate and false ellipsis. And if you're looking to improve your question-forming skills, don't miss our [[Language/English/Grammar/Questions|English grammar questions]] lesson. 😊
==Learn and have fun==
Watch this video, you will learn and have fun too ;) !
Watch this video, you will learn and have fun too ;) !


Line 7: Line 19:
==Irregular Verb List==
==Irregular Verb List==


{| class="wikitable"
 
Here is a list of the most common and contemporary irregular verbs in English. Note that there are often differences between British (Br) and American (Am) English. These are marked.
 
 
Sometimes, it is relative usage. For example, the simple past and past participle of of "learn" - "learnt" -  is the usual form for the majority of British English speakers whereas "learned" is used by most American English speakers, less than one third use "learnt".
 
 
Sometimes, the regular form of a verb has one meaning whereas its irregular form has another.
 
 
Also, usage of irregular verbs can even depend on which region you are from in Britain, the US, Australia, Canada and other English-speaking countries. Native English speakers often love to argue with each other about which irregular form is the correct one - even when they are from the same country!
 
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
   !|Infinitive
   !|Infinitive
   !|Simple Past
   !|Simple Past
   !|Past Participle
   !|Past Participle
|-
  |abide
  |abode
  |abode
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 25: Line 45:
   |awake
   |awake
   |awoke
   |awoke
   |awoken
   |awoke (Br - informal)
awoken (formal)
 
awaken (Am - informal)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 50: Line 73:
  |-
  |-
   |beget
   |beget
   |begat /
   |begat (Br)
begot
begot (Am)
   |begotten
   |begot (Br)
begotten (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 75: Line 99:
   |bid /
   |bid /
bidden
bidden
|-
  |bind
  |bound
  |bound
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 118: Line 147:
  |-
  |-
   |burn
   |burn
   |burnt /
   |burnt (Br)
burned
burned (Am)
   |burnt /
   |burnt (Br)
burned
burned (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 179: Line 208:
  |-
  |-
   |cost
   |cost
   |cost
   |cost /
   |cost
costed (Am)
   |cost/
costed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 204: Line 235:
  |-
  |-
   |dive
   |dive
   |dived
   |dived /  
  |dived /
dove
dove
  |dived (Br)
dove (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 220: Line 252:
  |-
  |-
   |dream
   |dream
   |dreamt /
   |dreamt (Br)
dreamed
dreamed (Am)
   |dreamt /
   |dreamt (Br)
dreamed
dreamed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 237: Line 269:
  |-
  |-
   |dwell
   |dwell
   |dwelt
   |dwelt (Br)
   |dwelt /
dwelled (Am)
dwelled
   |dwelt (Br)
dwelled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 304: Line 337:
   |forget
   |forget
   |forgot
   |forgot
   |forgotten /
   |forgot (Br)
forgot
forgotten (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 325: Line 358:
   |get
   |get
   |got
   |got
   |gotten /
   |got (Br)
got
gotten (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 340: Line 373:
  |-
  |-
   |grind
   |grind
   |ground
   |ground  
   |ground
   |ground (Br)
grounded (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 350: Line 384:
  |-
  |-
   |hang
   |hang
   |hung
   |hung /
   |hung
hanged
   |hung /
hanged
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 390: Line 426:
  |-
  |-
   |kneel
   |kneel
   |knelt /
   |knelt (Br)
knelled
kneeled (Am)
   |knelt /
   |knelt (Br)
kneeled
kneeled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 412: Line 448:
  |-
  |-
   |lean
   |lean
   |leant /
   |leant (Br)
leaned
leaned (Am)
   |leant /
   |leant (Br)
leaned
leaned (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |leap
   |leap
   |leapt /
   |leapt (Br)
leaped
leaped (Am)
   |leapt /
   |leapt (Br)
leaped
leaped (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |learn
   |learn
   |learnt
   |learnt (Br)
   |learnt
learned (Am)
   |learnt (Br)
learned (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 451: Line 489:
  |-
  |-
   |light
   |light
   |lit /
   |lit (Br)
lighted
lighted (Am)
   |lit /
   |lit (Br)
lighted
lighted (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 479: Line 517:
   |mow
   |mow
   |mowed
   |mowed
   |mowed /
   |mown (Br)
mown
mowned (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 504: Line 542:
  |-
  |-
   |plead
   |plead
   |pled /
   |pled (informal)
pleaded
pleaded (formal)
   |pled /
   |pled (informal)
pleaded
pleaded (formal)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 517: Line 555:
   |prove
   |prove
   |proved
   |proved
   |proven /
   |proven (Br)
proved
proved (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 536: Line 574:
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |relay
   |rent
  |relaid
  |relaid
|-
  |rend
   |rent
   |rent
   |rent
   |rent
Line 572: Line 605:
  |-
  |-
   |saw
   |saw
   |saw /
   |saw (Br)
sawed
sawed (Am)
   |sawn /
   |sawn (Br)
sawed
sawed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 624: Line 657:
  |-
  |-
   |shoe
   |shoe
   |shod
   |shod (Br)
   |shod
shoed (Am)
   |shod (Br)
shoed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 637: Line 672:
   |shown
   |shown
   
   
|-
  |shrink
  |shrank /
shrunk
  |shrunk
  |-
  |-
   |shut
   |shut
Line 649: Line 690:
  |-
  |-
   |sink
   |sink
   |sank /
   |sank (Br)
sunk
sunk (Am)
   |sunk /
   |sunk (Br)
sunken
sunken (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 674: Line 715:
   |slid
   |slid
   
   
|-
  |sling
  |slung
  |slung
  |-
  |-
   |slink
   |slink
Line 688: Line 734:
  |-
  |-
   |smell
   |smell
   |smelt
   |smelt (Br)
   |smelt
smelled (Am)
   |smelt (Br)
smelled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |sow
   |sow
   |sowed
   |sowed
   |sown /
   |sown (Br)
sowed
sowed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 719: Line 767:
  |-
  |-
   |spill
   |spill
   |spilt /
   |spilt (Br)
spilled
spilled (Am)
   |spilt /
   |spilt (Br)
spilled
spilled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 743: Line 791:
  |-
  |-
   |spoil
   |spoil
   |spoilt
   |spoilt (Br)
   |spoilt
spoiled (Am)
   |spoilt (Br)
spoiled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 778: Line 828:
  |-
  |-
   |stink
   |stink
   |stank
   |stank /
stunk
   |stunk
   |stunk
   
   
Line 784: Line 835:
   |strew
   |strew
   |strewed
   |strewed
   |strewn /
   |strewn (Br)
strewed
strewed (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |strike
   |strike
   |struck
   |struck
   |stricken /
   |struck
struck
   
   
  |-
  |-
   |strive
   |strive
   |strove
   |strove (Br)
   |striven
strived (Am)
   |striven (Br)
strived (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 805: Line 857:
  |-
  |-
   |sweat
   |sweat
   |sweat /
   |sweat (Br)
sweated
sweated (Am)
   |sweat /
   |sweat (Br)
sweated
sweated (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 818: Line 870:
   |swell
   |swell
   |swelled
   |swelled
   |swollen /
   |swollen (Br)
swelled
swelled (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 855: Line 907:
   |thought
   |thought
   |thought
   |thought
|-
  |thrive
  |throve /
thrived
  |thriven /
thrived
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 875: Line 920:
  |-
  |-
   |tread
   |tread
   |trod
   |trod (Br)
   |trodden
treaded (Am)
   |trodden (Br)
treaded (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 902: Line 949:
   |wore
   |wore
   |worn
   |worn
   
 
  |-
  |wed
  |wed (Br)
wedded (Am)
  |wed (Br)
wedded (Am)
 
  |-
  |-
   |weep
   |weep
Line 910: Line 964:
  |-
  |-
   |wet
   |wet
   |wet /
   |wet (Br)
wetted
wetted (Am)
   |wet /
   |wet (Br)
wetted
wetted (Am)
   
   
  |-
  |-
Line 940: Line 994:
   |written
   |written
  |}
  |}
We've seen many of the irregular verbs, now let's see some sentences using them:
== Example Sentences Using Irregular Verbs ==
Irregular verbs, on the other hand, need to be studied individually. These example sentences in all tenses will help students learn irregular verb forms in context. Click on one of the irregular verbs listed below for example sentences of irregular verbs in all tenses including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms.
To help you choose the verb you need, each verb includes three example sentences to get you started.
===be / was / were / been===
''Tom was in New York yesterday.<br>''
I've been at home for a long time.
My friend is usually in Australia each summer. <br>
She'll be at the party in London next weekend.
===beat  / beat / beaten===
''We beat the home team yesterday.<br>''
I've never beaten David at chess.<br>
France usually beats the US in football.
===become  / became / become===
''Jason has become a qualified doctor.<br>''
It becomes difficult when students don't study.<br>
The situation became difficult last week.
===begin  / began / begun===
''The play hasn't begun yet.<br>''
I began to understand the problem yesterday.<br>
The film begins at 9 pm each evening.
===bend  / bent / bent===
''He bent the branch until it snapped.<br>''
The flag poll often bends in the wind.<br>
I've bent the nail when I hit it with a hammer.'' ''
===break / broke / broken===
''My boy has broken three windows this week!<br>''
I broke that window last week.<br>
Glass often breaks if you drop it.'' ''
===buy  / bought / bought===
''Janice bought a new watch last week.<br>''
I usually buy my vegetables in the morning.<br>
He's bought more than ten cars in his life.'' ''
===come  / came / come===
''We came home earlier yesterday.<br>''
He comes to class on time every day.<br>
We've come across that song before.'' ''
===cut / cut / cut===
''How many pieces have you cut?<br>''
I cut my finger on a piece of broken glass yesterday.<br>
The butcher sometimes cuts the meat for us.
===draw / drew / drawn===
She drew a beautiful picture in class.
''Jackie has drawn a few clowns this week.<br>''
The magician draws a card from the pack at each show.'' ''
===drink / drank / drunk===
''I was so thirsty I drank two bottles of water.<br>''
Have you drunk any wine yet?<br>
People drink water when they are thirsty.'' ''
===drive / drove / driven===
''Have you ever driven across the US?<br>''
I drove to the cricket game to see my son playing.<br>
He drives his wife to work every Tuesday.'' ''
===eat / ate / eaten===
''We ate lunch early today.<br>''
Have you eaten already?<br>
We often eat lunch at a nearby restaurant.
===find / found / found===
''Have you found him yet?<br>''
I found an old book on that table over there.<br>
I find it difficult to write sentences in English!
===fly / flew / flown===
Cheryl flew to Brazil last month.
''Have you ever flown around the world?<br>''
Birds fly from New Zealand to Siberia towards the end of autumn.
== Practice Resources ==
https://quizlet.com/164041806/irregular-verbs-english-irregular-verbs-flash-cards/
https://www.memrise.com/course/100903/learn-english-irregular-verbs/
https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/1042687651
==Videos==
===64 Irregular Past Tense Verbs in English! - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVGnYpbadKY</youtube>
===The 50 Most Common Irregular Verbs in English | Grammar ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIkaqLavbU0</youtube>
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/English/Grammar/REFLEXIVE-PRONOUNS|REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Adverbs-of-Manner|Adverbs of Manner]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Confusion-between-Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Confusion between Adjectives and Adverbs]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Subjunctive-mood|Subjunctive mood]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/INFINITIVES|INFINITIVES]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Mood-vs-Tense|Mood vs Tense]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/After-all|After all]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/Abstract-nouns-and-concrete-nouns|Abstract nouns and concrete nouns]]
* [[Language/English/Grammar/More-on-Omission|More on Omission]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 12:49, 27 June 2023

English-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg
Verbes-irrguliers-anglais-cours-exercices-pdf.jpg

Welcome to our lesson on English Irregular Verbs!

In this lesson, we will explore verbs in English that are considered irregular because they don't follow the usual "ed" ending (such as "studied") in the past tense and/or the past participle forms. 📚

Let's dive into the world of irregular verbs and enhance your English language proficiency!

  • Note: After mastering irregular verbs, you might also be interested in learning about other aspects of English grammar. For instance, you can check out our lesson on common English grammar mistakes to avoid pitfalls in your writing and speaking. Additionally, our lesson on ellipsis in English grammar can help you understand the difference between legitimate and false ellipsis. And if you're looking to improve your question-forming skills, don't miss our English grammar questions lesson. 😊

Learn and have fun[edit | edit source]

Watch this video, you will learn and have fun too ;) !

Irregular Verb List[edit | edit source]

Here is a list of the most common and contemporary irregular verbs in English. Note that there are often differences between British (Br) and American (Am) English. These are marked.


Sometimes, it is relative usage. For example, the simple past and past participle of of "learn" - "learnt" - is the usual form for the majority of British English speakers whereas "learned" is used by most American English speakers, less than one third use "learnt".


Sometimes, the regular form of a verb has one meaning whereas its irregular form has another.


Also, usage of irregular verbs can even depend on which region you are from in Britain, the US, Australia, Canada and other English-speaking countries. Native English speakers often love to argue with each other about which irregular form is the correct one - even when they are from the same country!


Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoke (Br - informal)

awoken (formal)

awaken (Am - informal)

be was, were been
bear bore borne /

born

beat beat beaten
become became become
beget begat (Br)

begot (Am)

begot (Br)

begotten (Am)

begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bid bid /

bade

bid /

bidden

bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
broadcast broadcast broadcast
build built built
burn burnt (Br)

burned (Am)

burnt (Br)

burned (Am)

burst burst burst
buy bought bought
can could could
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
chide chid /

chode

chid /

chidden

choose chose chosen
cling clung clung
clothe clad /

clothed

clad /

clothed

come came come
cost cost /

costed (Am)

cost/

costed (Am)

creep crept crept
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
dive dived /

dove

dived (Br)

dove (Am)

do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamt (Br)

dreamed (Am)

dreamt (Br)

dreamed (Am)

drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt (Br)

dwelled (Am)

dwelt (Br)

dwelled (Am)

eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forecast forecast forecast
foresee foresaw foreseen
forget forgot forgot (Br)

forgotten (Am)

forgive forgave forgiven
forsake forsook forsaken
freeze froze frozen
get got got (Br)

gotten (Am)

give gave given
go went gone
grind ground ground (Br)

grounded (Am)

grow grew grown
hang hung /

hanged

hung /

hanged

have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt (Br)

kneeled (Am)

knelt (Br)

kneeled (Am)

know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leant (Br)

leaned (Am)

leant (Br)

leaned (Am)

leap leapt (Br)

leaped (Am)

leapt (Br)

leaped (Am)

learn learnt (Br)

learned (Am)

learnt (Br)

learned (Am)

leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lit (Br)

lighted (Am)

lit (Br)

lighted (Am)

lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
mow mowed mown (Br)

mowned (Am)

offset offset offset
overcome overcame overcome
partake partook partaken
pay paid paid
plead pled (informal)

pleaded (formal)

pled (informal)

pleaded (formal)

preset preset preset
prove proved proven (Br)

proved (Am)

put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
rent rent rent
rid rid rid
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw saw (Br)

sawed (Am)

sawn (Br)

sawed (Am)

say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
shake shook shaken
shed shed shed
shine shone shone
shoe shod (Br)

shoed (Am)

shod (Br)

shoed (Am)

shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shrink shrank /

shrunk

shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank (Br)

sunk (Am)

sunk (Br)

sunken (Am)

sit sat sat
slay slew slain
sleep slept slept
slide slid slid
sling slung slung
slink slunk /

slinked

slunk /

slinked

slit slit slit
smell smelt (Br)

smelled (Am)

smelt (Br)

smelled (Am)

sow sowed sown (Br)

sowed (Am)

speak spoke spoken
speed sped sped
spell spelt spelt
spend spent spent
spill spilt (Br)

spilled (Am)

spilt (Br)

spilled (Am)

spin spun spun
spit spat /

spit

spat /

spit

split split split
spoil spoilt (Br)

spoiled (Am)

spoilt (Br)

spoiled (Am)

spread spread spread
spring sprang sprung
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
stink stank /

stunk

stunk
strew strewed strewn (Br)

strewed (Am)

strike struck struck
strive strove (Br)

strived (Am)

striven (Br)

strived (Am)

swear swore sworn
sweat sweat (Br)

sweated (Am)

sweat (Br)

sweated (Am)

sweep swept swept
swell swelled swollen (Br)

swelled (Am)

swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
thrust thrust thrust
tread trod (Br)

treaded (Am)

trodden (Br)

treaded (Am)

typeset typeset typeset
undergo underwent undergone
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
wed wed (Br)

wedded (Am)

wed (Br)

wedded (Am)

weep wept wept
wet wet (Br)

wetted (Am)

wet (Br)

wetted (Am)

win won won
wind wound wound
withdraw withdrew withdrawn
wring wrung wrung
write wrote written

We've seen many of the irregular verbs, now let's see some sentences using them:

Example Sentences Using Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs, on the other hand, need to be studied individually. These example sentences in all tenses will help students learn irregular verb forms in context. Click on one of the irregular verbs listed below for example sentences of irregular verbs in all tenses including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms.

To help you choose the verb you need, each verb includes three example sentences to get you started.

be / was / were / been[edit | edit source]

Tom was in New York yesterday.
 I've been at home for a long time.

My friend is usually in Australia each summer.
She'll be at the party in London next weekend.

beat  / beat / beaten[edit | edit source]

We beat the home team yesterday.
 I've never beaten David at chess.
France usually beats the US in football.

become  / became / become[edit | edit source]

Jason has become a qualified doctor.
 It becomes difficult when students don't study.
The situation became difficult last week.

begin  / began / begun[edit | edit source]

The play hasn't begun yet.
 I began to understand the problem yesterday.
The film begins at 9 pm each evening.

bend  / bent / bent[edit | edit source]

He bent the branch until it snapped.
 The flag poll often bends in the wind.
I've bent the nail when I hit it with a hammer. 

break / broke / broken[edit | edit source]

My boy has broken three windows this week!
 I broke that window last week.
Glass often breaks if you drop it. 

buy  / bought / bought[edit | edit source]

Janice bought a new watch last week.
 I usually buy my vegetables in the morning.
He's bought more than ten cars in his life. 

come  / came / come[edit | edit source]

We came home earlier yesterday.
 He comes to class on time every day.
We've come across that song before. 

cut / cut / cut[edit | edit source]

How many pieces have you cut?
 I cut my finger on a piece of broken glass yesterday.
The butcher sometimes cuts the meat for us.

draw / drew / drawn[edit | edit source]

She drew a beautiful picture in class.

Jackie has drawn a few clowns this week.
 The magician draws a card from the pack at each show. 

drink / drank / drunk[edit | edit source]

I was so thirsty I drank two bottles of water.
 Have you drunk any wine yet?
People drink water when they are thirsty. 

drive / drove / driven[edit | edit source]

Have you ever driven across the US?
 I drove to the cricket game to see my son playing.
He drives his wife to work every Tuesday. 

eat / ate / eaten[edit | edit source]

We ate lunch early today.
 Have you eaten already?
We often eat lunch at a nearby restaurant.

find / found / found[edit | edit source]

Have you found him yet?
 I found an old book on that table over there.
I find it difficult to write sentences in English!

fly / flew / flown[edit | edit source]

Cheryl flew to Brazil last month.

Have you ever flown around the world?
 Birds fly from New Zealand to Siberia towards the end of autumn.

Practice Resources[edit | edit source]

https://quizlet.com/164041806/irregular-verbs-english-irregular-verbs-flash-cards/

https://www.memrise.com/course/100903/learn-english-irregular-verbs/

https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/1042687651

Videos[edit | edit source]

64 Irregular Past Tense Verbs in English! - YouTube[edit | edit source]

The 50 Most Common Irregular Verbs in English | Grammar ...[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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