Difference between revisions of "Language/Swedish/Grammar/Past-tense"

Latest revision as of 16:57, 29 March 2023

◀️ Present tense — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Future tense ▶️

Swedish Grammar - Past Tense

In Swedish, the past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened. The past tense can be formed in two ways: with regular verbs by adding "-de" or "-te" to the stem of the verb, and with irregular verbs by changing the stem or the entire verb.

Formation of the Past Tense:[edit | edit source]

In Swedish, the past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding "-de" to the stem of the verb if the stem ends in a vowel, and "-te" if the stem ends in a consonant. The stem of the verb is usually the infinitive form without the "-a" ending. For example, the stem of the verb "att tala" (to speak) is "tal-".

Here's how to form the past tense in Swedish:

Subject + verb stem + "-de" or "-te"

Example: Jag talade svenska. (I spoke Swedish.) Du spelade gitarr. (You played guitar.) Han läste en bok. (He read a book.) Vi sjöng en sång. (We sang a song.) Ni dansade tillsammans. (You all danced together.) De arbetade på kontoret. (They worked at the office.)

Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense:[edit | edit source]

Some verbs in Swedish are irregular in the past tense and do not follow the regular "-de" or "-te" ending pattern. Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:

Verb: vara (to be) Jag var Du var Han/hon/den/det var Vi var Ni var De var

Verb: ha (to have) Jag hade Du hade Han/hon/den/det hade Vi hade Ni hade De hade

Verb: vilja (to want) Jag ville Du ville Han/hon/den/det ville Vi ville Ni ville De ville

Usage of the Past Tense:[edit | edit source]

The past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened. Some common situations where the past tense is used include:

Actions or events that happened at a specific time in the past: Jag talade svenska igår. (I spoke Swedish yesterday.)
Past habits or routines: Jag brukade träna varje dag. (I used to exercise every day.)
Narration or storytelling: Hon gick till skolan varje dag förra året. (She went to school every day last year.)
Reported speech or indirect speech: Han sa att han hade en bra dag. (He said that he had a good day.)

It's important to note that in Swedish, the present perfect tense is often used instead of the simple past tense when talking about actions or events that happened recently in the past.

Example: Jag har ätit frukost. (I have had breakfast.)

Here, the present perfect tense "har ätit" (have had) is used to talk about a past action that has a connection to the present moment.

Conclusion:[edit | edit source]

In Swedish, the past tense is formed with regular verbs by adding "-de" or "-te" to the stem of the verb, and with irregular verbs by changing the stem or the entire verb. The past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened, past habits or routines, narration or storytelling, and reported or indirect speech. In some cases, the present perfect tense may be used instead of the simple past tense to talk about past events that have a connection to the present moment.

Table of Contents - Swedish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Introduction to Swedish

Swedish Pronouns

Colors and Numbers

Swedish Culture

Swedish Verbs

Body parts and health

Swedish Nouns

Travel and directions

Sweden's history

Swedish Adjectives

Jobs and professions

Videos[edit | edit source]

Swedish verbs - How to use them in Past and Present - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Present tense — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Future tense ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Swedish Grammar - Future Tense
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
-In Swedish, the future tense is formed using a combination of the auxiliary verb "ska" (shall) and the infinitive form of the main verb. The future tense is used to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future.
+|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Present-tense|◀️ Present tense — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Future-tense|Next Lesson — Future tense ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
-Example: Jag ska köpa en ny bil imorgon. (I will buy a new car tomorrow.)
+Swedish Grammar - Past Tense
-== Formation of the Future Tense: ==
+In Swedish, the past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened. The past tense can be formed in two ways: with regular verbs by adding "-de" or "-te" to the stem of the verb, and with irregular verbs by changing the stem or the entire verb.
-The future tense is formed by combining the auxiliary verb "ska" with the infinitive form of the main verb. The infinitive form of the verb is the base form of the verb, which is usually indicated in Swedish by the ending "-a" for regular verbs. For irregular verbs, the infinitive form may be different, and it's important to learn the correct form for each verb.
-Here's how to form the future tense in Swedish:
+== Formation of the Past Tense: ==
+In Swedish, the past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding "-de" to the stem of the verb if the stem ends in a vowel, and "-te" if the stem ends in a consonant. The stem of the verb is usually the infinitive form without the "-a" ending. For example, the stem of the verb "att tala" (to speak) is "tal-".
-Subject + ska + infinitive verb
+Here's how to form the past tense in Swedish:
-Example: Jag ska köpa en ny bil. (I will buy a new car.) Du ska läsa en bok. (You will read a book.) Han ska resa till Paris. (He will travel to Paris.) Vi ska titta på en film. (We will watch a movie.) Ni ska äta middag kl. 19. (You all will have dinner at 7 p.m.) De ska träffa sina vänner. (They will meet their friends.)
+Subject + verb stem + "-de" or "-te"
-== Negation of the Future Tense: ==
+Example: Jag talade svenska. (I spoke Swedish.) Du spelade gitarr. (You played guitar.) Han läste en bok. (He read a book.) Vi sjöng en sång. (We sang a song.) Ni dansade tillsammans. (You all danced together.) De arbetade på kontoret. (They worked at the office.)
-To form a negative sentence in the future tense, the auxiliary verb "ska" is combined with "inte" (not), which is placed after "ska."
-Here's how to form the negative future tense in Swedish:
+== Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense: ==
+Some verbs in Swedish are irregular in the past tense and do not follow the regular "-de" or "-te" ending pattern. Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:
-Subject + ska + inte + infinitive verb
+Verb: vara (to be) Jag var Du var Han/hon/den/det var Vi var Ni var De var
-Example: Jag ska inte köpa en ny bil. (I will not buy a new car.) Du ska inte läsa en bok. (You will not read a book.) Han ska inte resa till Paris. (He will not travel to Paris.) Vi ska inte titta på en film. (We will not watch a movie.) Ni ska inte äta middag kl. 19. (You all will not have dinner at 7 p.m.) De ska inte träffa sina vänner. (They will not meet their friends.)
+Verb: ha (to have) Jag hade Du hade Han/hon/den/det hade Vi hade Ni hade De hade
-== Usage of the Future Tense: ==
+Verb: vilja (to want) Jag ville Du ville Han/hon/den/det ville Vi ville Ni ville De ville
-The future tense is used to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future. Some common situations where the future tense is used include:
-# Plans and intentions: Jag ska åka till Paris nästa vecka. (I will go to Paris next week.)
+== Usage of the Past Tense: ==
-# Predictions: Det ska bli varmt imorgon. (It will be warm tomorrow.)
+The past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened. Some common situations where the past tense is used include:
-# Future actions: Jag ska städa mitt rum ikväll. (I will clean my room tonight.)
-# Assumptions or expectations: Han ska nog komma snart. (He will probably come soon.)
-It's important to note that in Swedish, the present tense is often used to talk about future events that are considered certain or planned, especially in spoken language.
+# Actions or events that happened at a specific time in the past: Jag talade svenska igår. (I spoke Swedish yesterday.)
+# Past habits or routines: Jag brukade träna varje dag. (I used to exercise every day.)
+# Narration or storytelling: Hon gick till skolan varje dag förra året. (She went to school every day last year.)
+# Reported speech or indirect speech: Han sa att han hade en bra dag. (He said that he had a good day.)
-Example: Vi ses imorgon. (We will meet tomorrow.)
+It's important to note that in Swedish, the present perfect tense is often used instead of the simple past tense when talking about actions or events that happened recently in the past.
-Here, the present tense "ses" (meet) is used to talk about a future event that has been planned and is certain to happen.
+Example: Jag har ätit frukost. (I have had breakfast.)
+Here, the present perfect tense "har ätit" (have had) is used to talk about a past action that has a connection to the present moment.
 == Conclusion: ==
-In Swedish, the future tense is formed using the auxiliary verb "ska" and the infinitive form of the main verb. The future tense is used to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future. To form a negative sentence in the future tense, "inte" is added after "ska." The future tense is commonly used in situations such as plans and intentions, predictions, and future actions.{{Swedish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+In Swedish, the past tense is formed with regular verbs by adding "-de" or "-te" to the stem of the verb, and with irregular verbs by changing the stem or the entire verb. The past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened, past habits or routines, narration or storytelling, and reported or indirect speech. In some cases, the present perfect tense may be used instead of the simple past tense to talk about past events that have a connection to the present moment.{{Swedish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 [[Category:Course]]
@@ Line 44: / Line 50: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Swedish-0-to-A1-Course]]
+==Videos==
+===Swedish verbs - How to use them in Past and Present - YouTube===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHuqq9oT3rA</youtube>
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/How-Often-or-Seldom-You-Do-Something|How Often or Seldom You Do Something]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Definite-and-indefinite-nouns|Definite and indefinite nouns]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/How-to-express-agreement|How to express agreement]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Conditional-Tense|Conditional Tense]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/How-to-Talk-About-Your-Daily-Routine|How to Talk About Your Daily Routine]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/How-to-Talk-About-How-Something-Smells|How to Talk About How Something Smells]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Swedish|Possessive Case in Swedish]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
+* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
+<span links></span>
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Present-tense|◀️ Present tense — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Future-tense|Next Lesson — Future tense ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>