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<div class="pg_page_title">Dari Grammar - Gender</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Dari Grammar - Gender</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari Dari] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about the gender rules in Dari. We will look at how to identify the gender of nouns and how to use them correctly in sentences.
__TOC__


==Gender in Dari==
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari Dari] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will focus on the concept of gender in Dari. Gender is an important aspect of language learning as it helps us understand the nature of the noun, and it is also helpful in constructing sentences. This lesson is at an intermediate level, so it is advisable that you already have a basic knowledge of Dari [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=1616 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari/question questions]!
In Dari, nouns are either masculine or feminine. This means that when you use a noun in a sentence, you must also use the correct gender form of the verb or adjective. For example, if you are talking about a woman, you must use the feminine form of the verb or adjective.  


===Identifying Gender===
__TOC__
The gender of a noun can usually be identified by its ending. Masculine nouns usually end in ''-a'' or ''-e'', while feminine nouns usually end in ''-i''. However, there are some exceptions to this rule.
 
For example, the word for "teacher" is ''mōstor'' (معستر). This is a masculine noun, even though it ends in ''-i''. Similarly, the word for "book" is ''kētāb'' (کتاب). This is a feminine noun, even though it ends in ''-a''.


It is important to note that some nouns can be either masculine or feminine, depending on the context. For example, the word for "friend" is ''dost'' (دوست). This can be either masculine or feminine, depending on whether you are referring to a male or female friend.
== What is gender? ==


===Using Gender in Sentences===
Gender is the characteristic of a noun that reflects the biological sex of the entity it refers to. In Dari, there are two genders - masculine and feminine. However, unlike some languages, gender does not necessarily correspond to the biological sex of the entity it refers to. For example, "the sun" is masculine, and "the moon" is feminine, despite the fact that they are not living creatures. Understanding gender is essential in learning sentence construction in Dari.
Once you have identified the gender of a noun, you must use the correct gender form of the verb or adjective. For example, if you are talking about a woman, you must use the feminine form of the verb or adjective.  


For example, the verb for "to be" is ''ast'' (است). The masculine form is ''ast'' and the feminine form is ''asti''. So if you are talking about a man, you would say ''Ost'' (He is), and if you are talking about a woman, you would say ''Asti'' (She is).
== Masculine and Feminine Nouns ==


Similarly, the adjective for "beautiful" is ''zībā'' (زیبا). The masculine form is ''zībā'' and the feminine form is ''zībāi''. So if you are talking about a man, you would say ''Zībā'' (He is beautiful), and if you are talking about a woman, you would say ''Zībāi'' (She is beautiful).  
In Dari, masculine nouns usually end with -و or, in some cases, an "unvoiced" or "soft" ه (h) at the end, while feminine nouns usually end with -ه or an "voiced" or "hard" ه (هٔ) at the end.  


==Examples==
Here are some examples of masculine and feminine nouns in Dari:
Here are some examples of nouns and their genders:  


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English Translation !! Gender
| فرد || /fard/ || man (singular)
|-
|-
| mōstor || mōstor || teacher || Masculine
| شاعر || /ʃɒʔer/ || poet (singular)
|-
|-
| kētāb || kētāb || book || Feminine
| خورشید || /xoɾʃid/ || sun (singular)
|-
|-
| dost || dost || friend || Masculine/Feminine
| ایران || /irɒn/ || Iran
|-
|-
| bāz || bāz || bird || Masculine
| گل || /ɡul/ || flower (singular)
|-
|-
| pesar || pesar || son || Masculine
| مورچه || /murtʃe/ || ant (singular)
|}
|}


==Practice==
== Suffixes ==
To improve your [[Language/Dari|Dari]] [[Language/Dari/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=1616 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari/question questions]!
 
Many masculine nouns are created from feminine nouns by adding the suffix ژماره, which changes the gender from feminine to masculine.


==Quiz==
For example:
Test your knowledge of Dari gender with this quiz:  
# What is the gender of the word ''mōstor'' (معستر)?
# What is the gender of the word ''kētāb'' (کتاب)?
# What is the gender of the word ''dost'' (دوست)?
# What is the verb for "to be" in Dari?
# What is the adjective for "beautiful" in Dari?


==Answers==
* قفسه - cage (feminine)
# The gender of the word ''mōstor'' (معستر) is masculine.  
* قفسهژماره - cage (masculine)
# The gender of the word ''kētāb'' (کتاب) is feminine.  
 
# The gender of the word ''dost'' (دوست) is masculine or feminine, depending on the context.
Similarly, many feminine nouns are created from masculine nouns by adding the suffix ژمارهای, which changes the gender from masculine to feminine.
# The verb for "to be" in Dari is ''ast'' (است).  
 
# The adjective for "beautiful" in Dari is ''zībā'' (زیبا).  
For example:
 
* معلم - teacher (masculine)
* معلمهای - teacher (feminine)
 
== Dialogue ==
 
To give context to these concepts, let's create a dialogue using examples:
 
* Person 1: او پرنده را قفسهژماره خرید. (/u pærɒnde rɒ ɢæfsehɒmæɾe xæɾid/) (He bought a birdcage.)
* Person 2: آیا پرنده فرد بود؟ (/ɒjɒ pærɒnde fæɾd bu:d/) (Was the bird a male?)
* Person 1: نه، یک ماده خرید. (/ne, jek mædæ xæɾid/) (No, he bought a female one.)
* Person 2: آخه قفسه پرنده هست، چرا ژندر خودش را نداره؟ (/ɒxæ ɢæfseh peærɒnde hast, ʧerɒ ʒendæɾ xodʃ rɒ nedɒɾeh?/) (But a birdcage is not a living thing, why doesn't it have its gender?)
 
This dialogue illustrates gender and noun usage in contexts relevant to everyday life.
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Understanding the gender of nouns is an essential building block in learning [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari Dari] [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=1616 grammar]. It may seem complicated at first, but with practice and exposure to the language, it becomes more natural. Keep up the good work, and don't forget to always look for ways to improve. 😊


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


{{#seo:
<span class='maj'></span>
|title=Dari Grammar - Gender
==Sources==
|keywords=Dari, gender, nouns, verbs, adjectives, masculine, feminine
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Dari/Grammar/Gender Dari Grammar - Gender]
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about the gender rules in Dari. We will look at how to identify the gender of nouns and how to use them correctly in sentences.
* [http://learn101.org/dari_gender.php Dari Gender | LEARN101.ORG]
}}


 
==Other Lessons==
==Related Lessons==
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
 
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]


{{Dari-Page-Bottom}}
{{Dari-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 22:02, 27 March 2023

Dari-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Dari Grammar - Gender

Hi Dari learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will focus on the concept of gender in Dari. Gender is an important aspect of language learning as it helps us understand the nature of the noun, and it is also helpful in constructing sentences. This lesson is at an intermediate level, so it is advisable that you already have a basic knowledge of Dari Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

What is gender?[edit | edit source]

Gender is the characteristic of a noun that reflects the biological sex of the entity it refers to. In Dari, there are two genders - masculine and feminine. However, unlike some languages, gender does not necessarily correspond to the biological sex of the entity it refers to. For example, "the sun" is masculine, and "the moon" is feminine, despite the fact that they are not living creatures. Understanding gender is essential in learning sentence construction in Dari.

Masculine and Feminine Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Dari, masculine nouns usually end with -و or, in some cases, an "unvoiced" or "soft" ه (h) at the end, while feminine nouns usually end with -ه or an "voiced" or "hard" ه (هٔ) at the end.

Here are some examples of masculine and feminine nouns in Dari:

Dari Pronunciation English
فرد /fard/ man (singular)
شاعر /ʃɒʔer/ poet (singular)
خورشید /xoɾʃid/ sun (singular)
ایران /irɒn/ Iran
گل /ɡul/ flower (singular)
مورچه /murtʃe/ ant (singular)

Suffixes[edit | edit source]

Many masculine nouns are created from feminine nouns by adding the suffix ژماره, which changes the gender from feminine to masculine.

For example:

  • قفسه - cage (feminine)
  • قفسهژماره - cage (masculine)

Similarly, many feminine nouns are created from masculine nouns by adding the suffix ژمارهای, which changes the gender from masculine to feminine.

For example:

  • معلم - teacher (masculine)
  • معلمهای - teacher (feminine)

Dialogue[edit | edit source]

To give context to these concepts, let's create a dialogue using examples:

  • Person 1: او پرنده را قفسهژماره خرید. (/u pærɒnde rɒ ɢæfsehɒmæɾe xæɾid/) (He bought a birdcage.)
  • Person 2: آیا پرنده فرد بود؟ (/ɒjɒ pærɒnde fæɾd bu:d/) (Was the bird a male?)
  • Person 1: نه، یک ماده خرید. (/ne, jek mædæ xæɾid/) (No, he bought a female one.)
  • Person 2: آخه قفسه پرنده هست، چرا ژندر خودش را نداره؟ (/ɒxæ ɢæfseh peærɒnde hast, ʧerɒ ʒendæɾ xodʃ rɒ nedɒɾeh?/) (But a birdcage is not a living thing, why doesn't it have its gender?)

This dialogue illustrates gender and noun usage in contexts relevant to everyday life.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Understanding the gender of nouns is an essential building block in learning Dari grammar. It may seem complicated at first, but with practice and exposure to the language, it becomes more natural. Keep up the good work, and don't forget to always look for ways to improve. 😊

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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