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== How to express the future in German ==
== How to express the future in German ==
Both futures in German are expressed quite similar to their English counterparts with the auxiliary verb ”werden” (devenir en français).  
Future Tense in German is expressed quite similar to their English counterparts with the auxiliary verb ”werden” (devenir en français).  


This verb has 2 meanings: As a full verb it means development, growth, but it’s also the explicit future form of the only verb that has actually a future of it’s own - the auxiliary verb ”sein” (to be).
This verb has 2 meanings: As a full verb, it means development and growth, but it’s also the explicit future form of the only verb that actually has a future of its own - the auxiliary verb ”sein” (to be).


* So the future I of a verb is formed by <code>werden + infinitiv of the verb itself</code>;
* So the future I of a verb is formed by <code>werden + infinitiv of the verb itself</code>;
* future II is formed with <code>werden + particip perfect of the verb + sein</code>.
* future II is formed with <code>werden + particip perfect of the verb + haben</code> or with <code>werden + particip perfect of the verb + sein.</code>(Whether you need to use "haben" or "sein" depends on which auxiliary verb is used to form the perfect.)


=== Example with to go: ===
=== Example with to laugh (lachen): ===
*'''Present tense''': Ich lache, du lachst, er/sie/es lacht, wir lachen, ihr lacht, sie lachen.
* '''Future I''': Ich werde lachen, du wirst lachen, er wird lachen, wir werden lachen, ihr werdet lachen, sie werden lachen.
*'''Future II''': Ich werde gelacht haben, du wirst gelacht haben, er wird gelacht haben, wir werden gelacht haben, ihr werdet gelacht haben, sie werden gelacht haben.


* Present tense: Ich gehe, du gehst, er geht, wir gehen, ihr geht, sie gehen.
=== Example with to go (gehen): ===
* Future I : Ich werde gehen, du wirst gehen, er wird gehen, wir werden gehen, ihr werdet gehen, sie werden gehen
* Future II : Ich werde gegangen sein, du wirst gegangen sein, er wird gegangen sein, wir werden gegangen sein, ihr werdet gegangen sein, sie werden gegangen sein.


*'''Present tense''': Ich gehe, du gehst, er geht, wir gehen, ihr geht, sie gehen.
* '''Future I''': Ich werde gehen, du wirst gehen, er wird gehen, wir werden gehen, ihr werdet gehen, sie werden gehen
*'''Future II''': Ich werde gegangen sein, du wirst gegangen sein, er wird gegangen sein, wir werden gegangen sein, ihr werdet gegangen sein, sie werden gegangen sein.


Also the reason for these constructions is quite simple. The German language family (les langues germanophones) had a lack of future forms. Their need came with the translation of the bible, about the 7th century, when the translation of prophecies of the end of the world required a temporal form of expressing events in the future the monks used the full verb ”werden” (in german) and will/shall (in english).
Also, the reason for these constructions is quite simple.  


The Germanic language family (les langues germanophones) lacked future forms. Their need came with the translation of the bible, about the 7th century, when the translation of prophecies of the end of the world required a temporal form of expressing events in the future, the monks used the complete verb ”werden” (in german) and will/shall (in English).


 
==='''Table with the finalizations in the Future tense'''===
=== '''Table with the finalizations in the Future tense''' ===
.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns in English</big>'''
!'''<big>English</big>'''  
|'''<big>Future Tense</big>'''
! '''<big>German</big>'''
|-
|-
|I will ...
|I will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + werde + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + werde + [verb in the infinitive]
|-
|-
|You will ...
|You will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + wirst + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + wirst + [verb in the infinitive]
|-
|-
|He will ...
|He/she/it will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + wird + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + wird + [verb in the infinitive]
|-
|She will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + wird + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|-
|-
|We will ...
|We will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + werden + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + werden + [verb in the infinitive]
|-
|-
|You will ...
| You will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + werdet + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + werdet + [verb in the infinitive]
|-
|They will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + werden + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|-
|-
|They will ...
|They will ...
|'''<big>Pronoun + werden + verb in the infinitive</big>'''
|[pronoun] + werden + [verb in the infinitive]
|}
|}


== Examples ==
==Examples==


=== '''Verb : To work (arbeiten)''' ===
==='''Verb : to work: arbeiten'''===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns</big>'''
!'''<big>English Pronouns</big>'''
'''<big>English</big>'''
!<big>'''English Verbs'''</big>
|<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!'''<big>German Pronouns</big>'''
|'''<big>GERMAN</big>'''
!'''<big>German Verbs</big>'''
|-
|-
|I
|I
|will work
|will work
|'''<big>Ich werde</big>'''
|Ich
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|werde arbeiten  
|-
|-
|You
|You
|will work
|will work
|'''<big>Du wirst</big>'''
|Du  
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|wirst arbeiten  
|-
|-
|He
|He/she/it
|will work
|will work
|<big>'''Er wird'''</big> 
|Er/sie/es
<big>'''arbeiten'''</big>
|wird arbeiten
|-
|-
|She
|We
|will work
|will work
|<big>'''sie wird'''</big>
|Wir
<big>'''arbeiten'''</big>
|werden arbeiten
|-
|-
|We
|You (plur)
|will work
|will work
|'''<big>Wir werden</big>'''
|Ihr
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|werdet arbeiten
|-
|You
|will work (plur)
|'''<big>Ihr werdet</big>'''
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|-
|They
|will work (masc)
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|-
|-
|They
|They
|will work (fem)
| will work
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Sie
'''<big>arbeiten</big>'''
|werden arbeiten
|}
|}
.


=== '''Verb : To buy (kaufen)''' ===
==='''Verb : to buy: kaufen'''===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns</big>'''
!'''<big>English Pronouns</big>'''
'''<big>English</big>'''
!<big>'''English Verbs'''</big>
|<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!'''<big>German Pronouns</big>'''
|'''<big>GERMAN</big>'''
!'''<big>German Verbs</big>'''
|-
|-
|I
|I
|will buy
|will buy
|'''<big>Ich werde</big>'''
|Ich
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|werde kaufen
|-
|-
|You
|You
|will buy
|will buy
|'''<big>Du wirst</big>'''
|Du
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|wirst kaufen
|-
|-
|He
|He/she/it
|will buy
|will buy
|<big>'''Er wird'''</big>
|Er/sie/es
<big>'''kaufen'''</big>
|wird kaufen
|-
|She
|will buy
|<big>'''sie wird'''</big>
<big>'''kaufen'''</big>
|-
|-
|We
|We
|will buy
|will buy
|'''<big>Wir werden</big>'''
|Wir
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|werden kaufen
|-
|You
|will buy (plur)
|'''<big>Ihr werdet</big>'''
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|-
|-
|They
|You (plur)
|will buy (masc)
|will buy  
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Ihr
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|werdet kaufen  
|-
|-
|They
|They
|will buy (fem)
| will buy  
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Sie
'''<big>kaufen</big>'''
|werden kaufen
|}
|}
.


=== '''Verb : To come (ankommen)''' ===
==='''Verb : to come: ankommen'''===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns</big>'''
!'''<big>English Pronouns</big>'''
'''<big>English</big>'''
!<big>'''English Verbs'''</big>
|<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!'''<big>German Pronouns</big>'''
|'''<big>GERMAN</big>'''
!'''<big>German Verbs</big>'''  
|-
|-
|I
|I
|will come
|will come
|'''<big>Ich werde</big>'''
|Ich
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|werde ankomen
|-
|-
|You
|You
|will come
|will come
|'''<big>Du wirst</big>'''
|Du
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|wirst ankomen
|-
|-
|He
|He/she/it
|will come
|will come
|<big>'''Er wird'''</big>
|Er/sie/es
<big>'''ankomen'''</big>
|wird ankomen
|-
|-
|She
|We
|will come
|will come
|<big>'''sie wird'''</big>
|Wir
<big>'''ankomen'''</big>
|werden ankomen
|-
|-
|We
|You (plur)
|will come
|will come
|'''<big>Wir werden</big>'''
| Ihr
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|werdet ankomen
|-
|You
|will come (plur)
|'''<big>Ihr werdet</big>'''
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|-
|They
|will come (mas)
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|-
|-
|They
|They
|will come (fem)
| will come
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Sie
'''<big>ankomen</big>'''
|werden ankomen
|}
|}
.


=== '''Verb : To help (helfen)''' ===
==='''Verb : to help: helfen'''===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns</big>'''
!'''<big>English Pronouns</big>'''
'''<big>English</big>'''
!<big>'''English Verbs'''</big>
|<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!'''<big>German Pronouns</big>'''
|'''<big>GERMAN</big>'''
!'''<big>German Verbs</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|-
|I
|I
|will help
|will help
|'''<big>Ich werde</big>'''
|Ich
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|werde helfen
|-
|-
|You
|You
|will help
|will help
|'''<big>Du wirst</big>'''
|Du
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|wirst helfen
|-
|-
|He
|He/she/it
|will help
|will help
|<big>'''Er wird'''</big>
|Er/sie/es
<big>'''helfen'''</big>
|wird helfen
|-
|-
|She
|We
|will help
| will help
|<big>'''sie wird'''</big>
|Wir
<big>'''helfen'''</big>
|werden helfen
|-
|-
|We
|You (plur)
|will help
|will help
|'''<big>Wir werden</big>'''
|Ihr
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|werdet helfen  
|-
|You
|will help (plur)
|'''<big>Ihr werdet</big>'''
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|-
|-
|They
|They
|will help (mas)
|will help
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Sie
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|werden helfen
|-
|They
|will help (fem)
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
'''<big>helfen</big>'''
|}
|}
.


=== '''Verb : To let (lassen)''' ===
==='''Verb : to let: lassen'''===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|'''<big>Pronouns</big>'''
!'''<big>English Pronouns</big>'''
'''<big>English</big>'''
!<big>'''English Verbs'''</big>
|<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!'''<big>German Pronouns</big>'''
|'''<big>GERMAN</big>'''
!'''<big>German Verbs</big>'''
|-
|-
|I
|I
|will let
|will let
|'''<big>Ich werde</big>'''
|Ich
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|werde lassen
|-
|-
|You
|You
|will let
|will let
|'''<big>Du wirst</big>'''
|Du
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|wirst lassen
|-
|-
|He
|He/she/it
|will let
|will let
|<big>'''Er wird'''</big>
|Er/sie/es
<big>'''lassen'''</big>
|wird lassen
|-
|-
|She
|We
|will let
|will let
|<big>'''sie wird'''</big>
|Wir
<big>'''lassen'''</big>
|werden lassen
|-
|-
|We
|You (plur)
|will let
|will let
|'''<big>Wir werden</big>'''
|Ihr
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|werdet lassen
|-
|You
|will let (plur)
|'''<big>Ihr werdet</big>'''
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|-
|-
|They
|They
|will let (mas)
|will let
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
|Sie
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|werden lassen
|-
|They
|will let (fem)
|'''<big>Sie werden</big>'''
'''<big>lassen</big>'''
|}
|}


== Sources ==
==Videos==
===The Future Tense in German===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfuPxqM1jHU</youtube>
===German Future Tense Tutorial===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01Pl9YCU9_0</youtube>
 
==Sources==
 
*https://polyglotclub.com/language.php?question_id=38126
*https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfuPxqM1jHU
*https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01Pl9YCU9_0


* https://polyglotclub.com/language.php?question_id=38126
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Participle-in-German|Past Participle in German]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Objects|Objects]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Imperative-Tense|Imperative Tense]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-German|Definite Articles in German]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/Cases|Cases]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Simple-negative-sentences|Simple negative sentences]]
*[[Language/German/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 14:35, 30 March 2023

Learn-german-polyglot-club2.jpg

How to express the future in German[edit | edit source]

Future Tense in German is expressed quite similar to their English counterparts with the auxiliary verb ”werden” (devenir en français).

This verb has 2 meanings: As a full verb, it means development and growth, but it’s also the explicit future form of the only verb that actually has a future of its own - the auxiliary verb ”sein” (to be).

  • So the future I of a verb is formed by werden + infinitiv of the verb itself;
  • future II is formed with werden + particip perfect of the verb + haben or with werden + particip perfect of the verb + sein.(Whether you need to use "haben" or "sein" depends on which auxiliary verb is used to form the perfect.)

Example with to laugh (lachen):[edit | edit source]

  • Present tense: Ich lache, du lachst, er/sie/es lacht, wir lachen, ihr lacht, sie lachen.
  • Future I: Ich werde lachen, du wirst lachen, er wird lachen, wir werden lachen, ihr werdet lachen, sie werden lachen.
  • Future II: Ich werde gelacht haben, du wirst gelacht haben, er wird gelacht haben, wir werden gelacht haben, ihr werdet gelacht haben, sie werden gelacht haben.

Example with to go (gehen):[edit | edit source]

  • Present tense: Ich gehe, du gehst, er geht, wir gehen, ihr geht, sie gehen.
  • Future I: Ich werde gehen, du wirst gehen, er wird gehen, wir werden gehen, ihr werdet gehen, sie werden gehen
  • Future II: Ich werde gegangen sein, du wirst gegangen sein, er wird gegangen sein, wir werden gegangen sein, ihr werdet gegangen sein, sie werden gegangen sein.

Also, the reason for these constructions is quite simple.

The Germanic language family (les langues germanophones) lacked future forms. Their need came with the translation of the bible, about the 7th century, when the translation of prophecies of the end of the world required a temporal form of expressing events in the future, the monks used the complete verb ”werden” (in german) and will/shall (in English).

Table with the finalizations in the Future tense[edit | edit source]

English German
I will ... [pronoun] + werde + [verb in the infinitive]
You will ... [pronoun] + wirst + [verb in the infinitive]
He/she/it will ... [pronoun] + wird + [verb in the infinitive]
We will ... [pronoun] + werden + [verb in the infinitive]
You will ... [pronoun] + werdet + [verb in the infinitive]
They will ... [pronoun] + werden + [verb in the infinitive]

Examples[edit | edit source]

Verb : to work: arbeiten[edit | edit source]

English Pronouns English Verbs German Pronouns German Verbs
I will work Ich werde arbeiten
You will work Du wirst arbeiten
He/she/it will work Er/sie/es wird arbeiten
We will work Wir werden arbeiten
You (plur) will work Ihr werdet arbeiten
They will work Sie werden arbeiten

Verb : to buy: kaufen[edit | edit source]

English Pronouns English Verbs German Pronouns German Verbs
I will buy Ich werde kaufen
You will buy Du wirst kaufen
He/she/it will buy Er/sie/es wird kaufen
We will buy Wir werden kaufen
You (plur) will buy Ihr werdet kaufen
They will buy Sie werden kaufen

Verb : to come: ankommen[edit | edit source]

English Pronouns English Verbs German Pronouns German Verbs
I will come Ich werde ankomen
You will come Du wirst ankomen
He/she/it will come Er/sie/es wird ankomen
We will come Wir werden ankomen
You (plur) will come Ihr werdet ankomen
They will come Sie werden ankomen

Verb : to help: helfen[edit | edit source]

English Pronouns English Verbs German Pronouns German Verbs
I will help Ich werde helfen
You will help Du wirst helfen
He/she/it will help Er/sie/es wird helfen
We will help Wir werden helfen
You (plur) will help Ihr werdet helfen
They will help Sie werden helfen

Verb : to let: lassen[edit | edit source]

English Pronouns English Verbs German Pronouns German Verbs
I will let Ich werde lassen
You will let Du wirst lassen
He/she/it will let Er/sie/es wird lassen
We will let Wir werden lassen
You (plur) will let Ihr werdet lassen
They will let Sie werden lassen

Videos[edit | edit source]

The Future Tense in German[edit | edit source]

German Future Tense Tutorial[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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