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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Tatar|Tatar]]  → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjective Agreement</div>
Welcome, dear students! Today, we will embark on an exciting journey into the world of Tatar adjectives and how they agree with nouns. Adjective agreement is crucial in any language, but it holds special importance in Tatar, where adjectives must align with the nouns they describe in terms of gender, number, and case. Understanding this will not only enhance your speaking skills but also enrich your ability to express thoughts and feelings in Tatar.
In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:
* '''Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns'''
* '''Number Agreement: Singular and Plural'''
* '''Case Agreement in Tatar'''
* '''Examples of Adjective Agreement'''
* '''Practice Exercises'''


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Tatar|Tatar]]  → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and Adverbs → Adjective Agreement</div>
So, let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns ===
 
In Tatar, nouns can be classified into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. This classification affects the form of the adjectives used with those nouns.


In this lesson, we will be discussing how adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case in the Tatar language. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, and it is important to understand how they work in different contexts to communicate effectively in Tatar. We will also be practicing using adjectives to describe nouns in sentences. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of adjective agreement in Tatar and be able to use adjectives in context.
* '''Masculine Nouns''': Typically end in a consonant.


== Adjective Agreement ==
* '''Feminine Nouns''': Usually end in -а or -я.


Adjectives in Tatar agree with nouns in gender, number, and case. This means that the form of an adjective changes depending on the noun that it is modifying. Let's take a look at some examples:
* '''Neuter Nouns''': Generally end in -о or -е.
 
Here are some examples of gender classifications in Tatar:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| кала  || kalä || house (nominative singular)
 
| китап || kitap || book (masculine)
 
|-
|-
| кала  || kalanıŋ || house (genitive singular)
 
| кыз || qız || girl (feminine)
 
|-
|-
| калалар  || kalalar || houses (nominative plural)
 
|-
| тәрәзә || täräzä || window (neuter)
| калаларның  || kalalarıñ || houses (genitive plural)
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the form of the adjective "house" changes depending on whether it is singular or plural, as well as the case of the noun that it is modifying. In the first row, кала (kalä) is in the nominative singular case, so the adjective takes the same form. In the second row, кала (kalanıŋ) is in the genitive singular case, so the adjective takes the genitive singular form каланың (kalanıñ). In the third and fourth rows, the noun is plural, so the adjective takes the plural form калалар (kalalar) and калаларның (kalalarıñ) accordingly.
When using adjectives, they must match the gender of the noun. For example:
 
* '''Masculine''': ''yaxşı китап'' (good book).
 
* '''Feminine''': ''k güzәл кыз'' (beautiful girl).
 
* '''Neuter''': ''z урман тәрәзә'' (big window).
 
=== Number Agreement: Singular and Plural ===
 
In Tatar, adjectives also agree with nouns in terms of number. This means that singular nouns take singular adjectives, while plural nouns take plural adjectives.


Let's look at some more examples to better understand how adjective agreement works in Tatar.
* '''Singular''': Generally, the adjective remains unchanged.
 
* '''Plural''': The adjective typically takes on the suffix -лар or -ләр.
 
Let’s look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| алдындагы урынды  || aldındagi urındı || the front seat (nominative singular)
 
| яхшы китап || yaqşı kitap || good book (singular)
 
|-
|-
| алдындагы урындың  || aldındagi urındıñ || the front seat (genitive singular)
 
| яхшы китаплар || yaqşı kitaplar || good books (plural)
 
|-
|-
| алдындагы урындар  || aldındagi urındar || the front seats (nominative plural)
 
| матур кыз || matur qız || pretty girl (singular)
 
|-
|-
| алдындагы урындарның  || aldındagi urındarıñ || the front seats (genitive plural)
 
| матур кызлар || matur qızlar || pretty girls (plural)
 
|}
|}


In this example, the noun is "seat" (урын) and the adjective is "front" (алдындагы). The form of the adjective changes depending on the noun's gender, number, and case. In the first row, the noun is in the nominative singular case, so the adjective takes the same form. In the second row, the noun is in the genitive singular case, so the adjective takes the genitive singular form алдындагы урындың (aldındagi urındıñ). In the third and fourth rows, the noun is plural, so the adjective takes the plural form алдындагы урындар (aldındagi urındar) and алдындагы урындарның (aldındagi urındarıñ) respectively.
It's essential to remember this when constructing sentences, as the adjective must align with the noun.
 
=== Case Agreement in Tatar ===
 
Tatar nouns change form according to their grammatical case, and adjectives must agree with the case of the nouns they modify. The most common cases are:
 
* '''Nominative''': The base form of the noun.
 
* '''Genitive''': Indicates possession, usually adding -ның or -нең.
 
* '''Dative''': Indicates direction or purpose, typically adding -ка or -кә.
 
* '''Accusative''': Indicates the direct object, often taking the form of -ны or -не.


Another example:
Here are some examples to illustrate case agreement:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| жаңа китап  || yaşa kitap || new book (nominative singular)
 
| яхшы китапның || yaqşı kitapnıŋ || of the good book (genitive)
 
|-
|-
| жаңа китапның  || yaşa kitapnıñ || new book (genitive singular)
 
| матур кызга || matur qızğa || to the pretty girl (dative)
 
|-
|-
| жаңа китаплар  || yaşa kitaplar || new books (nominative plural)
 
|-
| зур китапны || zur kitapnı || the big book (accusative)
| жаңа китапларның  || yaşa kitaplarıñ || new books (genitive plural)
 
|}
|}


In this example, the noun is "book" (китап) and the adjective is "new" (жаңа). Again, the adjective agrees with the gender, number, and case of the noun.  
The adjectives change their form to match the case of the nouns, which is crucial for clear communication in Tatar.
 
=== Examples of Adjective Agreement ===
 
Now that we have a solid understanding of how adjectives agree with nouns, let’s look at more examples to further clarify this concept.  


It is important to note that adjective agreement applies to all types of adjectives, including color adjectives, size adjectives, and opinion adjectives. Let's look at some examples:
1. ''зур йорт'' (big house) - singular, masculine


{| class="wikitable"
2. ''зур йортлар'' (big houses) - plural, masculine
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
3. ''кечкенә балалар'' (small children) - plural, masculine
| киче китап  || kiche kitap || small book (nominative singular)
 
|-
4. ''кечкенә бала'' (small child) - singular, masculine
| киче китапның  || kiche kitapnıñ || small book (genitive singular)
 
|-
5. ''яңа машина'' (new car) - singular, feminine
| киче китаплар || kiche kitaplar || small books (nominative plural)
 
|-
6. ''яңа машиналар'' (new cars) - plural, feminine
| киче китапларның  || kiche kitaplarıñ || small books (genitive plural)
 
|}
7. ''красивый кыз'' (beautiful girl) - singular, feminine
 
8. ''красивый кызлар'' (beautiful girls) - plural, feminine
 
9. ''яхшы укытучы'' (good teacher) - singular, masculine
 
10. ''яхшы укытучылар'' (good teachers) - plural, masculine
 
11. ''зәңгәр күлмәк'' (blue dress) - singular, feminine
 
12. ''зәңгәр күлмәктәр'' (blue dresses) - plural, feminine
 
13. ''яңа китап'' (new book) - singular, masculine
 
14. ''яңа китаплар'' (new books) - plural, masculine
 
15. ''кечкенә йорт'' (small house) - singular, neuter
 
16. ''кечкенә йортлар'' (small houses) - plural, neuter
 
17. ''сары алма'' (yellow apple) - singular, neuter
 
18. ''сары алмалар'' (yellow apples) - plural, neuter
 
19. ''бозлы су'' (clear water) - singular, neuter
 
20. ''бозлы сулары'' (clear waters) - plural, neuter
 
These examples showcase how adjectives must agree with the nouns in gender, number, and case.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that we’ve covered the essential elements of adjective agreement, it’s time for you to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to complete:
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in parentheses.
 
1. Ул __________ (зур) йорт. (It is a big house.)
 
2. Алар __________ (кечкенә) балалар. (They are small children.)
 
3. Минем __________ (яңа) машинам бар. (I have a new car.)
 
4. Бу __________ (матур) кыз. (This is a beautiful girl.)
 
5. Мин __________ (яхшы) укытучы. (I am a good teacher.)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. зур
 
2. кечкенә
 
3. яңа
 
4. матур
 
5. яхшы
 
==== Exercise 2: Choose the correct adjective ====
 
Select the appropriate adjective for each noun.
 
1. (кечкенә/зур) китап – __________
 
2. (матур/күзле) кыз – __________
 
3. (яңа/искергән) машина – __________
 
4. (зәңгәр/сары) күлмәк – __________
 
5. (яхшы/песнәк) укытучы – __________
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. зур
 
2. матур
 
3. яңа
 
4. зәңгәр
 
5. яхшы
 
==== Exercise 3: Translate the sentences ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Tatar, ensuring the correct adjective agreement.
 
1. The big house is beautiful.
 
2. I see the small child.
 
3. They have new books.
 
4. This beautiful girl is my friend.
 
5. We are good teachers.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Зур йорт матур.
 
2. Мин кечкенә баланы күрәм.
 
3. Алар яңа китапларына ия.
 
4. Бу матур кыз минем дустым.
 
5. Без яхшы укытучылар.
 
==== Exercise 4: Match the pairs ====
 
Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.
 
1. китап      a. зур
 
2. кыз        b. матур
 
3. машина    c. яңа
 
4. күлмәк    d. зәңгәр
 
5. бала      e. кечкенә
 
''Solutions:''


{| class="wikitable"
1 - a
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| кара баш  || kara baş || black head (nominative singular)
|-
| кара башның  || kara başnıñ || black head (genitive singular)
|-
| кара башлар  || kara başlar || black heads (nominative plural)
|-
| кара башларның  || kara başlarıñ || black heads (genitive plural)
|}


{| class="wikitable"
2 - b
! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| көңүлләре ләйүм  || køñülläre läyum || delicious candies (nominative plural)
|-
| көңүлләренең ләйүме  || køñüllärenең läyumе || delicious candies (genitive plural)
|}


As you can see, the adjectives "small" (киче), "black" (кара), and "delicious" (көңүлләре) agree with the nouns in gender, number, and case.
3 - c


== Practice ==
4 - d


Now that you have an understanding of adjective agreement in Tatar, let's practice using adjectives to describe nouns in context.
5 - e


* Translate the following sentences into Tatar, using the appropriate form of the adjective to agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun:
==== Exercise 5: Write your own sentences ====


# The green apples are delicious.
Compose five sentences using adjectives and nouns that agree in gender, number, and case.
# She has a red car.
# My big house has a garden.
# He is wearing a new shirt.
# They are reading interesting books.


* Answer the following questions using an adjective in context:
''Solutions will vary based on individual responses.''


# Бу компьютренең һәмисе ...? (Is this computer fast?)
=== Conclusion ===
# Селәмнең икенниң ...? (Which horse is faster?)
# Бу бөтәк китап көрә ...? (Is this book interesting?)
# Мин бәйке суктан әскиннең ... (Which apple is sweeter?)
# Рәхим башка форманың ... (Which form is better?)


== Conclusion ==
Congratulations on completing this lesson on adjective agreement in Tatar! You have now gained valuable knowledge about how adjectives function in relation to nouns, aligning perfectly in gender, number, and case. This understanding will greatly enhance your conversational skills as you continue your journey to mastering the Tatar language. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don’t hesitate to revisit these concepts as you advance further in your studies.


In this lesson, we learned how adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case in Tatar. Adjective agreement is an important aspect of Tatar grammar, and understanding how it works will help you better communicate in the language. We also practiced using adjectives to describe nouns in context. Keep practicing, and you'll master adjective agreement in no time!
Keep practicing, and until next time, уңышлар (good luck)!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Tatar Grammar → Adjectives and Adverbs → Adjective Agreement
|keywords=Tatar, grammar, adjectives, agreement, number, gender, case
|description=Learn how adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case in Tatar, and practice using adjectives to describe nouns in sentences.}}


{{Tatar-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
|title=Tatar Grammar Lesson on Adjective Agreement
 
|keywords=Tatar, grammar, adjectives, agreement, language learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case in Tatar, along with practical exercises to reinforce your understanding.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Tatar-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
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<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Tatar/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation Tatar Pronunciation - Alphabet and Pronunciation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language Crimean Tatar language - Wikipedia]
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Tatar/Grammar/Gender Tatar Grammar - Gender]
 
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Subject-Verb-Object|Subject Verb Object]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Noun-Cases|Noun Cases]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
 
 




{{Tatar-Page-Bottom}}
{{Tatar-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Tatar/Vocabulary/Ordering-at-a-Restaurant|◀️ Ordering at a Restaurant — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 06:57, 2 August 2024

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Tatar → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjective Agreement

Welcome, dear students! Today, we will embark on an exciting journey into the world of Tatar adjectives and how they agree with nouns. Adjective agreement is crucial in any language, but it holds special importance in Tatar, where adjectives must align with the nouns they describe in terms of gender, number, and case. Understanding this will not only enhance your speaking skills but also enrich your ability to express thoughts and feelings in Tatar.

In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

  • Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns
  • Number Agreement: Singular and Plural
  • Case Agreement in Tatar
  • Examples of Adjective Agreement
  • Practice Exercises

So, let’s dive in!

Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Tatar, nouns can be classified into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. This classification affects the form of the adjectives used with those nouns.

  • Masculine Nouns: Typically end in a consonant.
  • Feminine Nouns: Usually end in -а or -я.
  • Neuter Nouns: Generally end in -о or -е.

Here are some examples of gender classifications in Tatar:

Tatar Pronunciation English
китап kitap book (masculine)
кыз qız girl (feminine)
тәрәзә täräzä window (neuter)

When using adjectives, they must match the gender of the noun. For example:

  • Masculine: yaxşı китап (good book).
  • Feminine: k güzәл кыз (beautiful girl).
  • Neuter: z урман тәрәзә (big window).

Number Agreement: Singular and Plural[edit | edit source]

In Tatar, adjectives also agree with nouns in terms of number. This means that singular nouns take singular adjectives, while plural nouns take plural adjectives.

  • Singular: Generally, the adjective remains unchanged.
  • Plural: The adjective typically takes on the suffix -лар or -ләр.

Let’s look at some examples:

Tatar Pronunciation English
яхшы китап yaqşı kitap good book (singular)
яхшы китаплар yaqşı kitaplar good books (plural)
матур кыз matur qız pretty girl (singular)
матур кызлар matur qızlar pretty girls (plural)

It's essential to remember this when constructing sentences, as the adjective must align with the noun.

Case Agreement in Tatar[edit | edit source]

Tatar nouns change form according to their grammatical case, and adjectives must agree with the case of the nouns they modify. The most common cases are:

  • Nominative: The base form of the noun.
  • Genitive: Indicates possession, usually adding -ның or -нең.
  • Dative: Indicates direction or purpose, typically adding -ка or -кә.
  • Accusative: Indicates the direct object, often taking the form of -ны or -не.

Here are some examples to illustrate case agreement:

Tatar Pronunciation English
яхшы китапның yaqşı kitapnıŋ of the good book (genitive)
матур кызга matur qızğa to the pretty girl (dative)
зур китапны zur kitapnı the big book (accusative)

The adjectives change their form to match the case of the nouns, which is crucial for clear communication in Tatar.

Examples of Adjective Agreement[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a solid understanding of how adjectives agree with nouns, let’s look at more examples to further clarify this concept.

1. зур йорт (big house) - singular, masculine

2. зур йортлар (big houses) - plural, masculine

3. кечкенә балалар (small children) - plural, masculine

4. кечкенә бала (small child) - singular, masculine

5. яңа машина (new car) - singular, feminine

6. яңа машиналар (new cars) - plural, feminine

7. красивый кыз (beautiful girl) - singular, feminine

8. красивый кызлар (beautiful girls) - plural, feminine

9. яхшы укытучы (good teacher) - singular, masculine

10. яхшы укытучылар (good teachers) - plural, masculine

11. зәңгәр күлмәк (blue dress) - singular, feminine

12. зәңгәр күлмәктәр (blue dresses) - plural, feminine

13. яңа китап (new book) - singular, masculine

14. яңа китаплар (new books) - plural, masculine

15. кечкенә йорт (small house) - singular, neuter

16. кечкенә йортлар (small houses) - plural, neuter

17. сары алма (yellow apple) - singular, neuter

18. сары алмалар (yellow apples) - plural, neuter

19. бозлы су (clear water) - singular, neuter

20. бозлы сулары (clear waters) - plural, neuter

These examples showcase how adjectives must agree with the nouns in gender, number, and case.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the essential elements of adjective agreement, it’s time for you to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to complete:

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in parentheses.

1. Ул __________ (зур) йорт. (It is a big house.)

2. Алар __________ (кечкенә) балалар. (They are small children.)

3. Минем __________ (яңа) машинам бар. (I have a new car.)

4. Бу __________ (матур) кыз. (This is a beautiful girl.)

5. Мин __________ (яхшы) укытучы. (I am a good teacher.)

Solutions:

1. зур

2. кечкенә

3. яңа

4. матур

5. яхшы

Exercise 2: Choose the correct adjective[edit | edit source]

Select the appropriate adjective for each noun.

1. (кечкенә/зур) китап – __________

2. (матур/күзле) кыз – __________

3. (яңа/искергән) машина – __________

4. (зәңгәр/сары) күлмәк – __________

5. (яхшы/песнәк) укытучы – __________

Solutions:

1. зур

2. матур

3. яңа

4. зәңгәр

5. яхшы

Exercise 3: Translate the sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Tatar, ensuring the correct adjective agreement.

1. The big house is beautiful.

2. I see the small child.

3. They have new books.

4. This beautiful girl is my friend.

5. We are good teachers.

Solutions:

1. Зур йорт матур.

2. Мин кечкенә баланы күрәм.

3. Алар яңа китапларына ия.

4. Бу матур кыз минем дустым.

5. Без яхшы укытучылар.

Exercise 4: Match the pairs[edit | edit source]

Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.

1. китап a. зур

2. кыз b. матур

3. машина c. яңа

4. күлмәк d. зәңгәр

5. бала e. кечкенә

Solutions:

1 - a

2 - b

3 - c

4 - d

5 - e

Exercise 5: Write your own sentences[edit | edit source]

Compose five sentences using adjectives and nouns that agree in gender, number, and case.

Solutions will vary based on individual responses.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on adjective agreement in Tatar! You have now gained valuable knowledge about how adjectives function in relation to nouns, aligning perfectly in gender, number, and case. This understanding will greatly enhance your conversational skills as you continue your journey to mastering the Tatar language. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don’t hesitate to revisit these concepts as you advance further in your studies.

Keep practicing, and until next time, уңышлар (good luck)!

Table of Contents - Tatar Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure


Tatar Customs and Traditions


Shopping and Services


Negation and Commands


Tatar History and Society

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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◀️ Ordering at a Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️

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