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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Bosnian/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-100|Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️]]
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{{Bosnian-Page-Top}}
{{Bosnian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Bosnian|Bosnian]]  → [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Bosnian|Bosnian]]  → [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>
Welcome to the '''Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense''' lesson! In this lesson, we will explore how to conjugate verbs in the past tense, an essential skill for anyone looking to communicate effectively in Bosnian. The past tense allows us to share our experiences, tell stories, and connect with others by discussing what has already happened.
 
Understanding the past tense is crucial as it adds depth to your conversations and helps you express yourself in a more nuanced way. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conjugate various verbs and form coherent sentences that describe past events and actions.
 
Here’s a brief outline of what we will cover in this lesson:


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h1>Introduction</h1>
=== Introduction to the Past Tense ===
 
In Bosnian, the past tense is formed differently depending on the verb's conjugation and the subject's gender. We'll break down the rules and provide plenty of examples to solidify your understanding.
 
=== Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense ===
 
We'll cover the rules for regular and irregular verbs, including both perfective and imperfective aspects. You'll see how different subjects affect the verb forms.
 
=== Examples of Past Tense Conjugations ===
 
We’ll provide numerous examples to illustrate the different forms of verbs in the past tense.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
At the end of the lesson, you'll have the chance to practice what you've learned through various exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.
 
== Introduction to the Past Tense ==
 
In Bosnian, the past tense is crucial for storytelling and sharing experiences. It allows speakers to reflect on what they have done, seen, or felt. The past tense is formed using different endings depending on the subject's gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter) and whether the verb is perfective or imperfective. Let's dive into the specifics!
 
== Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense ==
 
Bosnian verbs can be categorized into two main aspects: '''perfective''' and '''imperfective'''.
 
* '''Perfective verbs''' indicate completed actions.
 
* '''Imperfective verbs''' express ongoing or habitual actions.
 
=== Regular Verbs ===
 
Regular verbs typically follow predictable patterns. Here’s a basic structure of how to conjugate regular verbs in the past tense:
 
* '''Masculine''': Verb stem + "o"
 
* '''Feminine''': Verb stem + "la"
 
* '''Neuter''': Verb stem + "lo"
 
Let's take a look at how this works with the verb '''"raditi" (to work)'''.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bosnian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ja sam radio  || ja sam radio || I worked (masculine)
 
|-
 
| ja sam radila  || ja sam radila || I worked (feminine)
 
|-
 
| ja sam radilo  || ja sam radilo || I worked (neuter)
 
|}
 
=== Irregular Verbs ===
 
Irregular verbs don't always follow the same patterns, so they need to be memorized. For example, the verb '''"ići" (to go)''' is irregular.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bosnian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ja sam išao  || ja sam išao || I went (masculine)
 
|-
 
| ja sam išla  || ja sam išla || I went (feminine)
 
|-
 
| ja sam išlo  || ja sam išlo || I went (neuter)
 
|}
 
=== Examples of Past Tense Conjugations ===
 
Now that we understand the basic structure, let's look at more examples using different verbs.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bosnian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ona je jela  || ona je jela || She ate
 
|-
 
| oni su pili  || oni su pili || They drank
 
|-
 
| mi smo učili  || mi smo učili || We learned
 
|-
 
| ti si gledao  || ti si gledao || You watched (masculine)
 
|-
 
| ti si gledala  || ti si gledala || You watched (feminine)
 
|}
 
=== Summary of Conjugation Patterns ===
 
* '''Masculine''': Verb stem + "o"
 
* '''Feminine''': Verb stem + "la"
 
* '''Neuter''': Verb stem + "lo"
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now that we've covered the theory, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises designed to help you practice what you've learned.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===


<p>Welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Bosnian Course". In this lesson, we will focus on the past tense in Bosnian. By the end of this lesson, you will understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You will practice using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions.</p>
Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.


<p>Before we start, please note that in Bosnian, the past tense has two forms: perfective and imperfective. The perfective form describes actions as completed, while the imperfective form describes actions as in progress or repeated. In this lesson, we will cover the perfective form.</p>
1. Ja ____ (ići) u prodavnicu.  


<h1>Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense</h1>
2. Ona ____ (gledati) film.


<p>Like in the present tense, verb conjugation in the past tense takes into account the gender and number of the subject. For regular verbs, the past tense is formed by adding the corresponding suffix to the stem. The suffixes vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the most common past tense suffixes:</p>
3. Mi ____ (raditi) domaći zadatak.  


<table class="wikitable">
=== Exercise 2: Conjugate the Verb ===
  <tr>
    <th>Bosnian</th>
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
    <th>English Translation</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>-ao/-la/-lo</td>
    <td>-aʊ/-la/-lo</td>
    <td>he/she/it did</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>-ali/-le/-la</td>
    <td>-aːli/-lɛ/-la</td>
    <td>they did</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>-ao/-la/-lo/-li/-le/-la</td>
    <td>-aʊ/-la/-lo/-li/-lɛ/-la</td>
    <td>you (plural) did</td>
  </tr>
</table>


<p>Here are some examples of regular verbs in the past tense:</p>
Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for all three genders.


<table class="wikitable">
1. Trčati (to run)
  <tr>
    <th>Bosnian</th>
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
    <th>English Translation</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>živjeti</td>
    <td>ʒiːv-jɛ-ti</td>
    <td>to live</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ja sam živjela</td>
    <td>jɑ sɑm ʒiː-vjɛ-la</td>
    <td>I lived</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ti si živio/la/lo</td>
    <td>ti si ʒiː-vi-o/la/lo</td>
    <td>you (singular) lived</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>on/ona/ono je živio/la/lo</td>
    <td>ɔn/ɔnɑ/ɔnɔ jɛ ʒiː-vi-o/la/lo</td>
    <td>he/she/it lived</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>mi smo živjeli</td>
    <td>mi smo ʒiː-vjɛ-li</td>
    <td>we lived</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>vi ste živjeli/e</td>
    <td>vi stɛ ʒiː-vjɛ-li/ɛ</td>
    <td>you (plural) lived</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>oni/one su živjeli/e</td>
    <td>ɔni/ɔnɛ su ʒiː-vjɛ-li/ɛ</td>
    <td>they lived</td>
  </tr>
</table>


<p>Irregular verbs have specific conjugations in the past tense that do not follow a pattern. Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:</p>
2. Svirati (to play an instrument)


<table class="wikitable">
=== Exercise 3: Create Sentences ===
  <tr>
    <th>Bosnian</th>
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
    <th>English Translation</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>biti</td>
    <td>bi-ti</td>
    <td>to be</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ja sam bila/bio/bilo</td>
    <td>jɑ sɑm bi-lɑ/bi-o/bi-lo</td>
    <td>I was</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ti si bio/bila/bilo</td>
    <td>ti si bi-o/bi-la/bi-lo</td>
    <td>you (singular) were</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>on/ona/ono je bio/bila/bilo</td>
    <td>ɔn/ɔnɑ/ɔnɔ jɛ bi-o/bi-la/bi-lo</td>
    <td>he/she/it was</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>mi smo bili/bile/bila</td>
    <td>mi smo bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la</td>
    <td>we were</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>vi ste bili/bile/bila</td>
    <td>vi stɛ bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la</td>
    <td>you (plural) were</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>oni/one su bili/bile/bila</td>
    <td>ɔni/ɔnɛ su bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la</td>
    <td>they were</td>
  </tr>
</table>


<h1>Forming Sentences in the Past Tense</h1>
Using the verbs provided, create sentences in the past tense.


<p>To form a sentence in the past tense, you need to conjugate the verb according to the subject, add the past tense suffix, and place it at the end of the sentence. Here are some examples:</p>
1. (pisati)


<ul>
2. (pričati)
  <li>Ja sam gledala film sinoć. (I watched a movie last night.)</li>
  <li>Ti si čitala knjigu jučer. (You read a book yesterday.)</li>
  <li>On je vozio auto cijeli dan. (He drove a car all day.)</li>
  <li>Mi smo pjevali na zabavi prošle noći. (We sang at the party last night.)</li>
  <li>Vi ste igrali fudbal u parku prošle sedmice. (You played soccer in the park last week.)</li>
  <li>Oni su radili cijeli dan. (They worked all day.)</li>
</ul>


<p>In Bosnian, it's also common to use time expressions with the past tense to indicate when the action happened. Here are some examples:</p>
=== Solutions to Exercises ===


<ul>
'''Exercise 1:'''
  <li>Sinoć sam gledala film. (I watched a movie last night.)</li>
  <li>Jučer si čitala knjigu. (You read a book yesterday.)</li>
  <li>Cijeli dan je vozio auto. (He drove a car all day.)</li>
  <li>Prošle noći smo pjevali na zabavi. (We sang at the party last night.)</li>
  <li>Prošle sedmice ste igrali fudbal u parku. (You played soccer in the park last week.)</li>
  <li>Cijeli dan su radili. (They worked all day.)</li>
</ul>


<h1>Practice</h1>
1. Ja sam išao u prodavnicu. (masculine)


<p>Now that you understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences, let's practice. In the following exercises, you will need to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past tense. The suggested verbs are all regular, but feel free to use any other verbs you know.</p>
2. Ona je gledala film. (feminine)


<ol>
3. Mi smo radili domaći zadatak.  
  <li>Ja ____________ (gledati) film sinoć.</li>
  <li>Ti ____________ (čitati) knjigu jučer.</li>
  <li>On/ona/ono ____________ (slušati) muziku cijeli dan.</li>
  <li>Mi ____________ (putovati) u Sarajevo prije mjesec dana.</li>
  <li>Vi ____________ (voziti) auto kroz grad prošli vikend.</li>
  <li>Oni/one ____________ (igrati) tenis jučer popodne.</li>
</ol>


<h1>Conclusion</h1>
'''Exercise 2:'''


<p>Congratulations, you have completed the "Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense" lesson. In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You have practiced using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions. Keep practicing and using this knowledge in real conversations and you'll be able to master the Bosnian language in no time
1. Trčati (to run)


{{Bosnian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
* ja sam trčao / trčala / trčalo
 
* ti si trčao / trčala
 
* on/ona/ono je trčao / trčala / trčalo
 
* mi smo trčali / trčale
 
* vi ste trčali / trčale
 
* oni/one su trčali / trčale
 
2. Svirati (to play an instrument)
 
* ja sam svirao / svirala / sviralo
 
* ti si svirao / svirala
 
* on/ona/ono je svirao / svirala / sviralo
 
* mi smo svirali / svirale
 
* vi ste svirali / svirale
 
* oni/one su svirali / svirale
 
'''Exercise 3:'''
 
1. Pisati: Ja sam pisao/la/lo pismo. (I wrote a letter.)
 
2. Pričati: Ona je pričala priču. (She told a story.)
 
By practicing these exercises, you will enhance your understanding of the past tense, making your conversations in Bosnian much richer and more engaging. Remember, practice makes perfect!
 
In conclusion, mastering the past tense in Bosnian opens up a whole new world of communication for you. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be sharing your own stories and experiences with confidence!
 
{{#seo:
 
|title=Bosnian Grammar Past Tense Lesson
 
|keywords=Bosnian grammar, past tense, Bosnian verbs, language learning, Bosnian lessons
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate Bosnian verbs in the past tense and practice with various exercises.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Bosnian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


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==Videos==
 
===Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELFQOQPYCyY</youtube>
 
===Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense in Negation ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opXmj71dbtg</youtube>
 
 
 
==Sources==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELFQOQPYCyY Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense - YouTube]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opXmj71dbtg Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense in Negation ...]
 
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Noun-Gender-and-Plurals|Noun Gender and Plurals]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Prepositions-and-Cases|Prepositions and Cases]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Questions-and-Negations|Questions and Negations]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]]
 




{{Bosnian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Bosnian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Bosnian/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-100|Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 01:48, 2 August 2024

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

D5625E83-C213-4156-B650-20CA28E4F56B.jpeg
Bosnian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense

Welcome to the Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense lesson! In this lesson, we will explore how to conjugate verbs in the past tense, an essential skill for anyone looking to communicate effectively in Bosnian. The past tense allows us to share our experiences, tell stories, and connect with others by discussing what has already happened.

Understanding the past tense is crucial as it adds depth to your conversations and helps you express yourself in a more nuanced way. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conjugate various verbs and form coherent sentences that describe past events and actions.

Here’s a brief outline of what we will cover in this lesson:

Introduction to the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

In Bosnian, the past tense is formed differently depending on the verb's conjugation and the subject's gender. We'll break down the rules and provide plenty of examples to solidify your understanding.

Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

We'll cover the rules for regular and irregular verbs, including both perfective and imperfective aspects. You'll see how different subjects affect the verb forms.

Examples of Past Tense Conjugations[edit | edit source]

We’ll provide numerous examples to illustrate the different forms of verbs in the past tense.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

At the end of the lesson, you'll have the chance to practice what you've learned through various exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.

Introduction to the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

In Bosnian, the past tense is crucial for storytelling and sharing experiences. It allows speakers to reflect on what they have done, seen, or felt. The past tense is formed using different endings depending on the subject's gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter) and whether the verb is perfective or imperfective. Let's dive into the specifics!

Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

Bosnian verbs can be categorized into two main aspects: perfective and imperfective.

  • Perfective verbs indicate completed actions.
  • Imperfective verbs express ongoing or habitual actions.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs typically follow predictable patterns. Here’s a basic structure of how to conjugate regular verbs in the past tense:

  • Masculine: Verb stem + "o"
  • Feminine: Verb stem + "la"
  • Neuter: Verb stem + "lo"

Let's take a look at how this works with the verb "raditi" (to work).

Bosnian Pronunciation English
ja sam radio ja sam radio I worked (masculine)
ja sam radila ja sam radila I worked (feminine)
ja sam radilo ja sam radilo I worked (neuter)

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs don't always follow the same patterns, so they need to be memorized. For example, the verb "ići" (to go) is irregular.

Bosnian Pronunciation English
ja sam išao ja sam išao I went (masculine)
ja sam išla ja sam išla I went (feminine)
ja sam išlo ja sam išlo I went (neuter)

Examples of Past Tense Conjugations[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand the basic structure, let's look at more examples using different verbs.

Bosnian Pronunciation English
ona je jela ona je jela She ate
oni su pili oni su pili They drank
mi smo učili mi smo učili We learned
ti si gledao ti si gledao You watched (masculine)
ti si gledala ti si gledala You watched (feminine)

Summary of Conjugation Patterns[edit | edit source]

  • Masculine: Verb stem + "o"
  • Feminine: Verb stem + "la"
  • Neuter: Verb stem + "lo"

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the theory, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises designed to help you practice what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.

1. Ja ____ (ići) u prodavnicu.

2. Ona ____ (gledati) film.

3. Mi ____ (raditi) domaći zadatak.

Exercise 2: Conjugate the Verb[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for all three genders.

1. Trčati (to run)

2. Svirati (to play an instrument)

Exercise 3: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using the verbs provided, create sentences in the past tense.

1. (pisati)

2. (pričati)

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1:

1. Ja sam išao u prodavnicu. (masculine)

2. Ona je gledala film. (feminine)

3. Mi smo radili domaći zadatak.

Exercise 2:

1. Trčati (to run)

  • ja sam trčao / trčala / trčalo
  • ti si trčao / trčala
  • on/ona/ono je trčao / trčala / trčalo
  • mi smo trčali / trčale
  • vi ste trčali / trčale
  • oni/one su trčali / trčale

2. Svirati (to play an instrument)

  • ja sam svirao / svirala / sviralo
  • ti si svirao / svirala
  • on/ona/ono je svirao / svirala / sviralo
  • mi smo svirali / svirale
  • vi ste svirali / svirale
  • oni/one su svirali / svirale

Exercise 3:

1. Pisati: Ja sam pisao/la/lo pismo. (I wrote a letter.)

2. Pričati: Ona je pričala priču. (She told a story.)

By practicing these exercises, you will enhance your understanding of the past tense, making your conversations in Bosnian much richer and more engaging. Remember, practice makes perfect!

In conclusion, mastering the past tense in Bosnian opens up a whole new world of communication for you. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be sharing your own stories and experiences with confidence!

Table of Contents - Bosnian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Bosnian Alphabet


Basic Bosnian Sentence Structure


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Verbs and Tenses


Numbers and Time


Food and Drink


Travel and Transportation


Bosnian Customs and Traditions


Adjectives and Adverbs


Family and Relationships


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Bosnian Literature and Cinema

Videos[edit | edit source]

Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense in Negation ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

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