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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Armenian|Armenian]]  → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>
 
Welcome to the exciting world of Armenian grammar! In this lesson, we will embark on a journey to explore the '''past tense''' in Armenian, an essential aspect of the language that will help you express actions that have already happened. Understanding how to navigate this grammatical territory is crucial for effective communication, whether you're sharing stories, recounting experiences, or talking about your daily life.
 
Throughout this lesson, we will cover the following topics:
 
* The importance of the past tense in Armenian.
 
* How to form regular and irregular verb conjugations.
 
* Practical examples to illustrate usage in different contexts.
 
* Engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.
 
By the end of this lesson, you will be well-equipped to use the past tense confidently. So, let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Importance of the Past Tense ===


In this lesson, we will delve into the intricacies of the Armenian past tense. Understanding how to form and use the past tense is crucial for effective communication in Armenian. Whether you want to talk about your past experiences, narrate a story, or simply express something that has already happened, the past tense is an essential tool in your linguistic arsenal.
The past tense is a fundamental component of any language. It's how we narrate our experiences, share our stories, and connect with others through shared memories. In Armenian, the past tense allows you to discuss events that have occurred, making it a vital tool for conversation. Mastering this tense will enable you to engage more deeply with the language and the culture.


Throughout this lesson, we will explore the various aspects of the past tense, including regular and irregular verb conjugations. We will also provide numerous examples and exercises to help you practice using the past tense in different contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in the past tense and be able to confidently express yourself in Armenian when talking about the past.
=== Overview of Past Tense Conjugation ===


== Regular Verbs ==
In Armenian, verb conjugation in the past tense can be a bit tricky, as it involves both regular and irregular forms. We will break down these forms into manageable parts.


Let's start by looking at how to form the past tense for regular verbs in Armenian. Regular verbs follow a predictable pattern when conjugated in the past tense, making it easier for learners to grasp the concept. The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem, depending on the subject of the sentence.
==== Regular Verbs ====


To form the past tense for regular verbs, we typically add the following suffixes to the verb stem:
Regular verbs in Armenian generally follow predictable patterns when conjugated in the past tense. The endings will vary based on the subject pronoun.


- For first-person singular (I): -ի
Here’s the basic structure to remember:
- For second-person singular (you): -իր
- For third-person singular (he/she/it): -ար
- For first-person plural (we): -ինք
- For second-person plural (you all): -իք
- For third-person plural (they): -ան


Let's take a look at some examples to see how this works:
* '''For singular subjects (I, you, he/she):'''
 
* Add '''-ել''' (el) to the verb root for the first person (I).
 
* Add '''-եց''' (ets) for the second person (you).
 
* Add '''-եց''' (ets) for the third person (he/she).
 
* '''For plural subjects:'''
 
* Add '''-եցին''' (etsin) for the first person plural (we).
 
* Add '''-եցիք''' (etsik) for the second person plural (you all).
 
* Add '''-եցին''' (etsin) for the third person plural (they).
 
Let’s look at a table of examples for regular verbs:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| գրել  || grel || to write
|-
| գրեցի  || grets'i || I wrote
|-
|-
| գրել (grél) || grel || to write
 
| գրեց  || grets || you wrote
 
|-
|-
| գրի՞ր (gri'r) || gri?r || Did you write?
 
| գրեց  || grets || he/she wrote
 
|-
|-
| գրեցէք (grets'ek') || grets'e?k || You all wrote
 
| գրեցին  || grets'in || we wrote  
 
|-
|-
| գրեցինք (gretsin'k') || gretsi?nk || We wrote
 
| գրեցիք  || grets'ik || you all wrote  
 
|-
|-
| գրեցին (grets'in) || gretsi?n || They wrote
 
| գրեցին || grets'in || they wrote  
 
|}
|}


As you can see from the examples above, the suffixes are added to the verb stem to indicate the subject and tense of the sentence. Pay close attention to the pronunciation of each form and practice saying them aloud to improve your fluency in Armenian.
==== Irregular Verbs ====
 
Irregular verbs do not follow the standard patterns and must be memorized. Some common irregular verbs include:
 
1. '''լինել''' (linel) – to be


== Irregular Verbs ==
2. '''հեռանալ''' (herranal) – to leave


While regular verbs follow a predictable pattern in the past tense, there are also many irregular verbs in Armenian that do not conform to this pattern. Irregular verbs have unique conjugation forms that must be memorized separately. In this section, we will explore some common irregular verbs and their conjugation in the past tense.
3. '''տեսնել''' (tesnel) – to see


One example of an irregular verb is գալ (gal), which means "to come" in English. Let's see how this verb is conjugated in the past tense:
Let's see how these verbs are conjugated in the past tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| եկա՞ր (yeka'r) || ye?kar || Did you come?
 
| լինել  || linel || to be
 
|-
 
| եմ  || yem || I was
 
|-
 
| ես  || yes || you were
 
|-
 
| է  || e || he/she was
 
|-
|-
| եկանք (yekank') || yekank || We came
 
| ենք  || yenk || we were
 
|-
|-
| եկարինք (yekarin'k') || yekari?nk || We came
 
| եք  || yek || you all were
 
|-
 
| են  || yen || they were
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the irregular verb follows its own set of conjugation rules in the past tense. It is important to familiarize yourself with the irregular verbs and their conjugation forms to communicate accurately in Armenian.
{| class="wikitable"


== Cultural Insights ==
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English


The past tense is not only a grammatical concept but also a window into the rich history and culture of Armenia. The Armenian language has evolved over centuries, influenced by various historical and cultural factors. Understanding the past tense in Armenian can provide insights into the country's historical context and the way its people perceive and express time.
|-


In Armenian culture, storytelling is highly valued, and the past tense plays a crucial role in narrating stories and preserving the collective memory. Armenians have a long tradition of oral history, with epic tales and legends passed down from generation to generation. The past tense allows storytellers to transport their audience to different periods in time and bring historical events to life.
| հեռանալ  || herranal || to leave


Additionally, the past tense is used to describe traditions and customs that have been practiced for centuries. From traditional music and dance to festive celebrations and rituals, the past tense enables Armenians to convey the timeless nature of their cultural heritage.
|-


== Practice Exercises ==
| հեռացա  || herratsa || I left


Now that we have covered the basics of the past tense in Armenian, let's put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises. These exercises will help you reinforce what you have learned and improve your ability to form and use the past tense correctly.
|-


Exercise 1: Conjugate the following regular verbs in the past tense:
| հեռացար  || herratsar || you left


1. սիրել (sirel) - to love
|-
2. ուտել (utel) - to eat
3. գուտել (gutel) - to drink
4. փոքրատառ գրել (pok'ratar grél) - to write in cursive


Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the irregular verb:
| հեռացավ  || herratsav || he/she left


1. Ես եկա՞ր (es yeka'r) միջանկյալ ժամանակ։
|-
2. Մեր ընտանիքը եկարինք (mer entanik'yekarin'k') գնած տարեկանի։


== Solutions ==
| հեռացանք  || herratsank || we left


Exercise 1:
|-


1. սիրեցի (sirets'i)
| հեռացաք  || herratsak || you all left
2. ուտեցի (utets'i)
3. գուտեցի (gutets'i)
4. փոքրատառ գրեցի (pok'ratar grets'i)


Exercise 2:
|-
 
| հեռացան  || herratsan || they left
 
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-


1. Ես եկա՞ր (es yeka'r) միջանկյալ ժամանակ։
| տեսնել  || tesnel || to see
2. Մեր ընտանիքը եկարինք (mer entanik'yekarin'k') գնած տարեկանի։


== Conclusion ==
|-


Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on the past tense in Armenian. You have learned how to form and use the past tense for both regular and irregular verbs, and had the opportunity to practice your skills through exercises. Keep practicing and using the past tense in various contexts to enhance your fluency in Armenian.
| տեսա  || tes'a || I saw


Remember, the past tense is not just a grammatical concept but also a gateway to understanding the cultural and historical nuances of Armenia. Embrace the rich storytelling tradition and explore the depths of Armenian culture through the past tense. Keep up the good work, and soon you will be well on your way to mastering the Armenian language!
|-
 
| տեսար  || tes'ar || you saw
 
|-
 
| տեսավ  || tes'av || he/she saw
 
|-
 
| տեսանք  || tes'ank || we saw
 
|-
 
| տեսաք  || tes'ak || you all saw
 
|-
 
| տեսան  || tes'an || they saw
 
|}
 
=== Using the Past Tense in Context ===
 
Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the past tense is just the beginning. The next step is to learn how to use it in real-life contexts. Here are some situations where you will commonly use the past tense:
 
1. '''Sharing Memories:'''
 
* "Yesterday, I visited my grandmother." (Երեկ, ես այցելեցի իմ տատիկին։)
 
2. '''Discussing Past Events:'''
 
* "We celebrated my birthday last week." (Մենք նշել ենք իմ ծնունդը անցած շաբաթ։)
 
3. '''Talking about Experiences:'''
 
* "I traveled to Armenia last summer." (Ես անցյալ ամառ այցելեցի Հայաստան։)
 
Let’s see a few more examples in a table:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Armenian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ես գնացի  || Yes gnatsi || I went
 
|-
 
| Նա լսեց  || Na lsets || He/she listened
 
|-
 
| Մենք խաղացինք  || Menk khaghats'ink || We played
 
|-
 
| Դուք տեսաք  || Duk tes'ak || You saw
 
|-
 
| Նրանք խոսեցին  || Nrank' khos'ets' || They spoke
 
|}
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that you have a grasp of the past tense, it's time to put your skills to the test. Here are 10 exercises designed to reinforce your learning:
 
1. '''Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:'''
 
* (to eat) ուտել
 
* (to drink) խմել
 
* (to read) կարդալ
 
2. '''Translate the following sentences into Armenian:'''
 
* "I wrote a letter."
 
* "They played football."
 
* "He saw a movie."
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in past tense:'''
 
* Yesterday, I (to go) __________ to the market.
 
* We (to meet) __________ our friends last night.
 
* She (to finish) __________ her homework.
 
4. '''Match the English sentences with their Armenian translations:'''
 
* "You were happy."
 
* "We left early."
 
* "I saw the mountains."
 
* * A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"
 
* B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
 
* C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"
 
5. '''What is the past tense form of the following irregular verbs?'''
 
* (to be) լինել
 
* (to leave) հեռանալ
 
* (to see) տեսնել
 
6. '''Create three sentences using the past tense about your last vacation.'''
 
7. '''Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:'''
 
* "Ես գնացի երեկ տունը." (I went home yesterday.)
 
* "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ." (He listened to music yesterday.)
 
8. '''Write a short paragraph about a memorable event in your life using at least five verbs in the past tense.'''
 
9. '''Transform the following present tense sentences into past tense:'''
 
* "I eat breakfast."
 
* "They play games."
 
* "She reads books."
 
10. '''Identify the subject and verb in the following past tense sentences:'''
 
* "Մենք գնացինք զբոսանքի։" (We went for a walk.)
 
* "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։" (He saw a movie.)
 
=== Answers and Explanations ===
 
Here are the answers to the exercises for your reference:
 
1.
 
* ուտել: ուտեցի (I ate), ուտեց (you ate), ուտեց (he/she ate), ուտեցինք (we ate), ուտեցիք (you all ate), ուտեցին (they ate)
 
* խմել: խմեցի (I drank), խմեց (you drank), խմեց (he/she drank), խմեցինք (we drank), խմեցիք (you all drank), խմեցին (they drank)
 
* կարդալ: կարդացի (I read), կարդաց (you read), կարդաց (he/she read), կարդացինք (we read), կարդացիք (you all read), կարդացին (they read)
 
2.
 
* "Ես գրեցի նամակ։"
 
* "Նրանք խաղացին ֆուտբոլ։"
 
* "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։"
 
3.
 
* Yesterday, I (to go) '''գնացի''' to the market.
 
* We (to meet) '''հանդիպեցինք''' our friends last night.
 
* She (to finish) '''ավարտեց''' her homework.
 
4.
 
* "You were happy." - C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"
 
* "We left early." - B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
 
* "I saw the mountains." - A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"
 
5.
 
* (to be) եմ (I was)
 
* (to leave) հեռացա (I left)
 
* (to see) տեսա (I saw)
 
6. (Answers will vary, but should use past tense verbs.)
 
7.
 
* "Ես գնացի երեկ տուն։"
 
* "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ։"
 
8. (Answers will vary, but should include at least five past tense verbs.)
 
9.
 
* "I eat breakfast." → "Ես ուտեցի նախաճաշ։"
 
* "They play games." → "Նրանք խաղացին խաղեր։"
 
* "She reads books." → "Նա կարդաց գրքեր։"
 
10.
 
* "Մենք" is the subject, "գնացինք" is the verb.
 
* "Նա" is the subject, "տեսավ" is the verb.
 
By the end of this lesson, you should feel more confident in your ability to use the past tense in Armenian. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep engaging with the language, and don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as needed.
 
Happy learning!


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|keywords=Armenian grammar, Armenian past tense, past tense in Armenian, regular verbs in Armenian, irregular verbs in Armenian
|title=Armenian Grammar: Mastering the Past Tense
|description=Learn how to form and use the past tense in Armenian, including regular and irregular verb conjugations, and practice using the tense in various contexts.
 
|keywords=Armenian language, past tense, Armenian grammar, beginner Armenian, verb conjugation
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the past tense in Armenian, including regular and irregular verb conjugations, with plenty of examples and exercises.
 
}}
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 01:20, 2 August 2024

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️

Armenian-Language-Polyglotclub.png
Armenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense

Welcome to the exciting world of Armenian grammar! In this lesson, we will embark on a journey to explore the past tense in Armenian, an essential aspect of the language that will help you express actions that have already happened. Understanding how to navigate this grammatical territory is crucial for effective communication, whether you're sharing stories, recounting experiences, or talking about your daily life.

Throughout this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

  • The importance of the past tense in Armenian.
  • How to form regular and irregular verb conjugations.
  • Practical examples to illustrate usage in different contexts.
  • Engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.

By the end of this lesson, you will be well-equipped to use the past tense confidently. So, let’s dive in!

Importance of the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense is a fundamental component of any language. It's how we narrate our experiences, share our stories, and connect with others through shared memories. In Armenian, the past tense allows you to discuss events that have occurred, making it a vital tool for conversation. Mastering this tense will enable you to engage more deeply with the language and the culture.

Overview of Past Tense Conjugation[edit | edit source]

In Armenian, verb conjugation in the past tense can be a bit tricky, as it involves both regular and irregular forms. We will break down these forms into manageable parts.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Armenian generally follow predictable patterns when conjugated in the past tense. The endings will vary based on the subject pronoun.

Here’s the basic structure to remember:

  • For singular subjects (I, you, he/she):
  • Add -ել (el) to the verb root for the first person (I).
  • Add -եց (ets) for the second person (you).
  • Add -եց (ets) for the third person (he/she).
  • For plural subjects:
  • Add -եցին (etsin) for the first person plural (we).
  • Add -եցիք (etsik) for the second person plural (you all).
  • Add -եցին (etsin) for the third person plural (they).

Let’s look at a table of examples for regular verbs:

Armenian Pronunciation English
գրել grel to write
գրեցի grets'i I wrote
գրեց grets you wrote
գրեց grets he/she wrote
գրեցին grets'in we wrote
գրեցիք grets'ik you all wrote
գրեցին grets'in they wrote

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs do not follow the standard patterns and must be memorized. Some common irregular verbs include:

1. լինել (linel) – to be

2. հեռանալ (herranal) – to leave

3. տեսնել (tesnel) – to see

Let's see how these verbs are conjugated in the past tense:

Armenian Pronunciation English
լինել linel to be
եմ yem I was
ես yes you were
է e he/she was
ենք yenk we were
եք yek you all were
են yen they were
Armenian Pronunciation English
հեռանալ herranal to leave
հեռացա herratsa I left
հեռացար herratsar you left
հեռացավ herratsav he/she left
հեռացանք herratsank we left
հեռացաք herratsak you all left
հեռացան herratsan they left
Armenian Pronunciation English
տեսնել tesnel to see
տեսա tes'a I saw
տեսար tes'ar you saw
տեսավ tes'av he/she saw
տեսանք tes'ank we saw
տեսաք tes'ak you all saw
տեսան tes'an they saw

Using the Past Tense in Context[edit | edit source]

Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the past tense is just the beginning. The next step is to learn how to use it in real-life contexts. Here are some situations where you will commonly use the past tense:

1. Sharing Memories:

  • "Yesterday, I visited my grandmother." (Երեկ, ես այցելեցի իմ տատիկին։)

2. Discussing Past Events:

  • "We celebrated my birthday last week." (Մենք նշել ենք իմ ծնունդը անցած շաբաթ։)

3. Talking about Experiences:

  • "I traveled to Armenia last summer." (Ես անցյալ ամառ այցելեցի Հայաստան։)

Let’s see a few more examples in a table:

Armenian Pronunciation English
Ես գնացի Yes gnatsi I went
Նա լսեց Na lsets He/she listened
Մենք խաղացինք Menk khaghats'ink We played
Դուք տեսաք Duk tes'ak You saw
Նրանք խոսեցին Nrank' khos'ets' They spoke

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a grasp of the past tense, it's time to put your skills to the test. Here are 10 exercises designed to reinforce your learning:

1. Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:

  • (to eat) ուտել
  • (to drink) խմել
  • (to read) կարդալ

2. Translate the following sentences into Armenian:

  • "I wrote a letter."
  • "They played football."
  • "He saw a movie."

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in past tense:

  • Yesterday, I (to go) __________ to the market.
  • We (to meet) __________ our friends last night.
  • She (to finish) __________ her homework.

4. Match the English sentences with their Armenian translations:

  • "You were happy."
  • "We left early."
  • "I saw the mountains."
  • * A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"
  • B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
  • C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"

5. What is the past tense form of the following irregular verbs?

  • (to be) լինել
  • (to leave) հեռանալ
  • (to see) տեսնել

6. Create three sentences using the past tense about your last vacation.

7. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

  • "Ես գնացի երեկ տունը." (I went home yesterday.)
  • "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ." (He listened to music yesterday.)

8. Write a short paragraph about a memorable event in your life using at least five verbs in the past tense.

9. Transform the following present tense sentences into past tense:

  • "I eat breakfast."
  • "They play games."
  • "She reads books."

10. Identify the subject and verb in the following past tense sentences:

  • "Մենք գնացինք զբոսանքի։" (We went for a walk.)
  • "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։" (He saw a movie.)

Answers and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Here are the answers to the exercises for your reference:

1.

  • ուտել: ուտեցի (I ate), ուտեց (you ate), ուտեց (he/she ate), ուտեցինք (we ate), ուտեցիք (you all ate), ուտեցին (they ate)
  • խմել: խմեցի (I drank), խմեց (you drank), խմեց (he/she drank), խմեցինք (we drank), խմեցիք (you all drank), խմեցին (they drank)
  • կարդալ: կարդացի (I read), կարդաց (you read), կարդաց (he/she read), կարդացինք (we read), կարդացիք (you all read), կարդացին (they read)

2.

  • "Ես գրեցի նամակ։"
  • "Նրանք խաղացին ֆուտբոլ։"
  • "Նա տեսավ ֆիլմ։"

3.

  • Yesterday, I (to go) գնացի to the market.
  • We (to meet) հանդիպեցինք our friends last night.
  • She (to finish) ավարտեց her homework.

4.

  • "You were happy." - C. "Դուք ուրախ էիք։"
  • "We left early." - B. "Մենք հեռացանք շուտ։"
  • "I saw the mountains." - A. "Ես տեսա լեռները։"

5.

  • (to be) եմ (I was)
  • (to leave) հեռացա (I left)
  • (to see) տեսա (I saw)

6. (Answers will vary, but should use past tense verbs.)

7.

  • "Ես գնացի երեկ տուն։"
  • "Նա լսեց երաժշտություն երեկ։"

8. (Answers will vary, but should include at least five past tense verbs.)

9.

  • "I eat breakfast." → "Ես ուտեցի նախաճաշ։"
  • "They play games." → "Նրանք խաղացին խաղեր։"
  • "She reads books." → "Նա կարդաց գրքեր։"

10.

  • "Մենք" is the subject, "գնացինք" is the verb.
  • "Նա" is the subject, "տեսավ" is the verb.

By the end of this lesson, you should feel more confident in your ability to use the past tense in Armenian. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep engaging with the language, and don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as needed.

Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Armenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Numbers and Time


Basic Sentence Structure


Family and Relationships


Nouns and Pronouns


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Armenian Traditions and Customs

Videos[edit | edit source]

Armenian Past Tense Explained - Learn Armenian Language Basics ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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