Language/Georgian/Grammar/Compound-Prepositions

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Georgian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Compound Prepositions

Welcome to another exciting lesson in our Complete 0 to A1 Georgian Course! Today, we will dive into the wonderful world of compound prepositions in the Georgian language. Understanding these prepositions is essential for forming accurate and meaningful sentences, as they help us describe relationships between people, places, and things in a more nuanced way.

Compound prepositions are a combination of simple prepositions and can express more complex ideas. Learning them is like adding vibrant colors to your linguistic palette, allowing you to paint more detailed pictures in conversations. As you embark on this adventure, you will not only expand your vocabulary but also enhance your ability to express thoughts with clarity and precision.

Outline of the Lesson

1. Introduction to Compound Prepositions

• Definition and Importance

• Difference Between Simple and Compound Prepositions

2. List of Common Compound Prepositions

• Examples with Pronunciation and English Translation

3. Usage of Compound Prepositions in Sentences

• How to use them effectively

4. Practice Exercises

• Application of learned concepts

5. Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

6. Conclusion

• Summary of Key Points

Introduction to Compound Prepositions

In Georgian, prepositions are crucial for conveying relationships in time and space. While simple prepositions are vital, compound prepositions allow us to express more intricate ideas and emotions.

For instance, while a simple preposition like "on" is useful, a compound preposition like "on top of" provides a clearer picture of the relationship between objects. In Georgian, mastering these compound forms will give you the ability to articulate your thoughts more richly and accurately.

List of Common Compound Prepositions

Let's explore some of the most commonly used compound prepositions in Georgian. Each will be presented in a table that includes the Georgian term, its pronunciation, and the English translation.

Georgian	Pronunciation	English
ზემოთზე	zemotze	on top of
ქვეშზე	k'veshze	under
გვერდისკენ	gverdisken	towards the side of
შიგნითა	shignita	inside of
გარეთზე	garetze	outside of
წინადადების მიხედვით	ts'inadadebis mikhed	according to the proposal
გარდა ამისა	gadra amisha	besides this
გარდა ამისა,	gadra amisha	apart from this
ამის მიხედვით	amis mikhed	based on this
წუთის განმავლობაში	ts'ut'is ganmartebuli	during the minute

These prepositions illustrate how Georgian can express more complex relationships through compound forms.

Usage of Compound Prepositions in Sentences

Now that we have a list of common compound prepositions, let’s see how they can be used in sentences. Here are some examples to help you understand their application:

Georgian	Pronunciation	English
წიგნი ზემოთზე დევს	ts'igni zemotze devs	The book is on top of the table.
კატა ქვეშზეა	kata k'veshzea	The cat is under the couch.
მან გვერდისკენ გაიხედა	man gverdisken gaikheda	He looked towards the side.
ბავშვები შიგნითა თამაშობენ	bavshvebi shignita tamashobnen	The children are playing inside.
ისინი გარეთზე არიან	isini garetze arian	They are outside.
ეს გადაწყვეტილება წინადადების მიხედვით არის	es gakhmdeba ts'inadadebis mikhed aris	This decision is according to the proposal.
გარდა ამისა, ის მიდის	gadra amisha, is midis	Besides this, he is leaving.
იგი გარეთზე მუშაობს	igi garetze mushaobs	He works outside.
ეს ყველაფერი ამის მიხედვით ხდება	es qvelaperi amis mikhed khdeba	All this happens based on this.
იგი წუთის განმავლობაში მელოდება	igi ts'ut'is ganmartebuli melodeba	He waits for a minute.

These sentences showcase how compound prepositions function within a sentence, illustrating their significance in providing context and clarity.

Practice Exercises

Now that you've had a chance to learn about compound prepositions, it's time to put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises.

1. Translate the following sentences into Georgian using the appropriate compound preposition:

• The keys are on top of the table.

• The dog is outside.

• She looked towards the door.

• The toys are inside the box.

• We are waiting for a few minutes.

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct compound prepositions:

• The book is _____ the shelf.

• He went _____ the house.

• They are playing _____ the garden.

• The picture hangs _____ the wall.

• I will meet you _____ the café.

3. Choose the correct compound preposition from the options given:

• She is sitting _____ (in front of / behind) the computer.

• The cat jumped _____ (onto / over) the bed.

• He walked _____ (through / around) the park.

• The letter is _____ (beside / under) the envelope.

• The children ran _____ (towards / away from) the playground.

4. Create your own sentences using the following compound prepositions:

• On top of

• Outside of

• Inside of

• Towards the side of

• According to

5. Match the English sentences with the correct Georgian translations:

• The bag is under the chair. (A)

• The meeting is according to the schedule. (B)

• They are playing inside the room. (C)

• The dog is outside the house. (D)

• He looked towards the window. (E)

6. Identify the compound preposition in the following sentences:

• The kids are playing under the tree.

• She put the vase on top of the shelf.

• He read the letter according to its instructions.

• The car parked beside the house.

• The cat is sleeping inside the box.

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form:

• The teacher explained it _____ the students.

• The cake is _____ the table.

• He lives _____ the city center.

• They are sitting _____ the porch.

• We will meet _____ the restaurant.

8. Rewrite the following sentences using a compound preposition:

• The cat is under the table.

• The picture is on the wall.

• They are in the room.

• The dog is outside the house.

• He looked at the window.

9. Translate the following sentences into English:

• წიგნი გვერდისკენ დევს.

• ბავშვები შიგნითა თამაშობენ.

• ისინი გარეთზე არიან.

• ეს ყველაფერი ამის მიხედვით ხდება.

• კატა ქვეშზეა.

10. Use the following words to create sentences with compound prepositions:

• House

• Garden

• Car

• Window

• Table

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

1. Translations:

• გასაღებები მაგიდის ზემოთ არიან.

• ძაღლი გარეთ არის.

• მან კარებისკენ გაიხედა.

• სათამაშოები ყუთში არიან.

• ჩვენ რამდენიმე წუთი ველოდებით.

2. Fill in the blanks:

• წიგნი თაროზეა.

• მან სახლამდე წავიდა.

• ისინი ბაღში თამაშობენ.

• სურათი კედელზეა.

• მე შენთან კაფეში შევხვდები.

3. Correct prepositions:

• She is sitting in front of the computer.

• The cat jumped onto the bed.

• He walked through the park.

• The letter is beside the envelope.

• The children ran towards the playground.

4. Self-created sentences: (Answers will vary)

5. Matching translations:

• The bag is under the chair. (A) - ჩანთა სკამზეა.

• The meeting is according to the schedule. (B) - შეხვედრა გეგმის მიხედვითაა.

• They are playing inside the room. (C) - ისინი ოთახში თამაშობენ.

• The dog is outside the house. (D) - ძაღლი სახლთან არის.

• He looked towards the window. (E) - მან ფანჯრისკენ გაიხედა.

6. Identifying prepositions:

• Under

• On top of

• According to

• Beside

• Inside

7. Filled blanks:

• მასწავლებელმა სტუდენტებს აუხსნა.

• ტორტი მაგიდაზეა.

• ის ქალაქის ცენტრში ცხოვრობს.

• ისინი მარხვის წინ არიან.

• ჩვენ რესტორანში შევხვდებით.

8. Rewritten sentences: (Answers will vary)

9. Translations to English:

• The book is on the side.

• The children are playing inside.

• They are outside.

• All this happens according to this.

• The cat is under.

10. Self-created sentences: (Answers will vary)

Conclusion

In this lesson, we have journeyed through the realm of compound prepositions in Georgian. We learned their definitions, saw their applications in context, and practiced using them through various exercises. As you continue your studies, remember that these compound prepositions will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively and expressively in Georgian.

Keep practicing, and soon you'll find yourself weaving these structures into your conversations effortlessly!

Table of Contents - Georgian Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Alphabet and Sounds

• Consonants and Vowels
• Pronunciation Rules
• Word Order

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Greetings and Responses
• Introducing Yourself
• Polite Phrases

  ---

Nouns and Cases

• Noun Gender
• Nominative Case
• Genitive Case
• Dative Case
• Accusative Case
• Locative Case

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships and Titles

  ---

Food and Drink

• Traditional Dishes
• Wine and Spirits
• Table Manners

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense
• Conditional and Imperative

  ---

Transportation and Directions

• Public Transportation
• Asking for and Giving Directions

  ---

Holidays and Celebrations

• New Year's and Christmas
• Easter
• Independence Day

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjective Agreement
• Comparison

  ---

Shopping and Services

• Money and Currency
• Shopping Vocabulary
• Services and Emergencies

  ---

Arts and Entertainment

• Music and Dance
• Theater and Film
• Literature and Poetry

  ---

Prepositions

• Simple Prepositions
• Compound Prepositions

  ---

Work and Employment

• Job Titles and Professions
• Applying for a Job

  ---

Georgian History and Geography

• Ancient Kingdoms
• Recent History
• Geographic Regions

Sources

• Georgian grammar - Wikipedia

Other Lessons

• Questions
• The adverbial case
• Conjugation of the verb “to have” in the future tense
• Transitive Verbs VS Intransitive Verbs
• Conditional and Imperative
• Conjugation of the verb “to know” ცოდნა
• Pronunciation Rules
• Negation
• The Genitive Case
• Inflection of adjectives with nouns

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