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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Czech|Czech]]  → [[Language/Czech/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Czech/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs → Present Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Czech|Czech]]  → [[Language/Czech/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Czech/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>
 
Welcome to the exciting world of Czech grammar! Today, we will focus on one of the fundamental aspects of the language: the '''present tense'''. Understanding how to use the present tense is essential for expressing actions that are happening now or in the near future. This lesson will help you communicate basic ideas about your daily life, preferences, and activities—key elements for any beginner aiming to achieve conversational proficiency in Czech.
 
In this lesson, we will explore:
 
* The structure of the present tense in Czech.
 
* Regular and irregular verb conjugation.
 
* Common verbs used in everyday conversation.
 
* Examples to illustrate usage.
 
* Exercises to practice what you’ve learned.
 
Let’s dive into the fascinating details of the present tense!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding the Present Tense ===
 
The present tense in Czech is used to describe actions that are currently taking place or are habitual. Unlike English, which uses auxiliary verbs to form continuous tenses, Czech relies on verb conjugations to convey similar meanings.
 
The verb endings in Czech change based on the subject pronouns, which makes mastering this tense essential for clear communication.
 
==== Regular Verbs ====
 
Regular verbs in Czech follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. Here’s a general overview of how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense based on their endings.
 
1. '''-at verbs''' (e.g., ''dělat'' - to do)
 
2. '''-et verbs''' (e.g., ''psát'' - to write)
 
3. '''-it verbs''' (e.g., ''číst'' - to read)
 
Let's break this down further.
 
=== Regular Verbs Conjugation ===
 
Below is a table summarizing the conjugation of the verb ''dělat'' (to do) as an example of a regular -at verb:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já dělám || jaː ˈɟɛlaːm || I do
 
|-
 
| ty děláš || tɪ ˈɟɛlaːʃ || You do (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono dělá || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈɟɛlaː || He/She/It does
 
|-
 
| my děláme || mɪ ˈɟɛlaːmɛ || We do
 
|-
 
| vy děláte || vɪ ˈɟɛlaːtɛ || You do (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| oni dělají || ˈɔnɪ ˈɟɛlaːjɪ || They do
 
|}
 
Now, let’s take a look at the verb ''psát'' (to write), which is a regular -et verb:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já píšu || jaː ˈpiːʃu || I write
 
|-
 
| ty píšeš || tɪ ˈpiːʃɛʃ || You write (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono píše || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈpiːʃɛ || He/She/It writes
 
|-
 
| my píšeme || mɪ ˈpiːʃɛmɛ || We write
 
|-
 
| vy píšete || vɪ ˈpiːʃɛtɛ || You write (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| oni píší || ˈɔnɪ ˈpiːʃiː || They write
 
|}
 
Lastly, let’s examine the verb ''číst'' (to read), which is a regular -it verb:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já čtu || jaː ˈtʃtu || I read
 
|-
 
| ty čteš || tɪ ˈtʃtɛʃ || You read (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono čte || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈtʃtɛ || He/She/It reads
 
|-
 
| my čteme || mɪ ˈtʃtɛmɛ || We read
 
|-
 
| vy čtete || vɪ ˈtʃtɛtɛ || You read (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| oni čtou || ˈɔnɪ ˈtʃtoʊ || They read
 
|}
 
==== Irregular Verbs ====
 
Now, let’s discuss a few common irregular verbs. Irregular verbs don’t follow the standard conjugation patterns, so they require a bit more memorization. Here are some frequently used irregular verbs:
 
1. '''být''' (to be)
 
2. '''mít''' (to have)
 
3. '''jít''' (to go)
 
Here’s how to conjugate these irregular verbs in the present tense:
 
'''Conjugation of ''být'' (to be)'''
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já jsem || jaː ˈjɛsɛm || I am
 
|-
 
| ty jsi || tɪ ˈjɪsɪ || You are (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono je || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ jɛ || He/She/It is
 
|-
 
| my jsme || mɪ ˈjʊsɛm || We are
 
|-
 
| vy jste || vɪ ˈjɛstɛ || You are (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| oni jsou || ˈɔnɪ ˈjɔʊ || They are
 
|}
 
'''Conjugation of ''mít'' (to have)'''
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já mám || jaː ˈmaːm || I have
 
|-
 
| ty máš || tɪ ˈmaːʃ || You have (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono má || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ maː || He/She/It has
 
|-
 
| my máme || mɪ ˈmaːmɛ || We have
 
|-
 
| vy máte || vɪ ˈmaːtɛ || You have (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| oni mají || ˈɔnɪ ˈmaːjʊ || They have
 
|}
 
'''Conjugation of ''jít'' (to go)'''
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| já jdu || jaː ˈjdu || I go
 
|-
 
| ty jdeš || tɪ ˈjɛʃ || You go (singular, informal)
 
|-
 
| on/ona/ono jde || ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ jɛ || He/She/It goes
 
|-
 
| my jdeme || mɪ ˈjɛdɛmɛ || We go
 
|-
 
| vy jdete || vɪ ˈjɛdɛtɛ || You go (plural/formal)


In this lesson, we will delve into the present tense, one of the most fundamental aspects of Czech grammar. The present tense is used to talk about actions happening now or in the near future. By mastering the present tense, you will be able to express yourself in various everyday situations and engage in basic conversations. Throughout this lesson, we will explore the structure and usage of the present tense in Czech, providing numerous examples and exercises to help solidify your understanding.
|-


== Structure of the Present Tense ==
| oni jdou || ˈɔnɪ ˈjdoʊ || They go


The present tense in Czech is relatively straightforward to form. The verb endings vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Let's take a look at the conjugation patterns for regular verbs in the present tense:
|}


=== Conjugation of Regular Verbs ===
=== Everyday Usage of the Present Tense ===
 
Now that we understand the basic structure and conjugation of the present tense in Czech, let’s look at some practical examples of how to use these verbs in everyday conversations.
 
Here are 20 example sentences that show how to use present tense verbs in context:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Já jím jablko. || jaː ˈjiːm ˈjabɫko || I am eating an apple.
|-
| Ty mluvíš anglicky? || tɪ ˈmluːviːʃ ˈaŋɡlɪtski || Do you speak English?
|-
| On hraje fotbal. || ɔn ˈɦraːjɛ ˈfɔtbaɫ || He is playing football.
|-
| Ona čte knihu. || ɔna ˈtʃtɛ ˈkniɦu || She is reading a book.
|-
| My bydlíme v Praze. || mɪ ˈbɪdliːmɛ v ˈpraːzɛ || We live in Prague.
|-
| Vy pracujete v kanceláři. || vɪ ˈpraːt͡suːjɛtɛ v ˈkantsɛlaːrɪ || You work in an office.
|-
| Oni hrají na kytaru. || ˈɔnɪ ˈɦrajiː na kɪˈtaːru || They are playing the guitar.
|-
| Já dělám domácí úkol. || jaː ˈdɛlaːm doˈmaːtsiː ˈuːkoɫ || I am doing homework.
|-
| Ty jíš těstoviny? || tɪ ˈjiːʃ ˈtɕɛstovɪnɪ || Do you eat pasta?
|-
| On miluje zvířata. || ɔn ˈmɪluːjɛ ˈzvɪːrata || He loves animals.
|-
| Ona nakupuje v obchodě. || ɔna ˈnakuːpʊjɛ v ˈobxɔdʲɛ || She is shopping at the store.
|-
|-
| Já mluvím || Ya mloovim || I speak
 
| My se učíme česky. || mɪ sɛ ˈuːt͡ʃɪːmɛ ˈtʃɛski || We are learning Czech.
 
|-
|-
| Ty mluvíš || Tee mlooveesh || You speak (singular)
 
| Vy pijete kávu? || vɪ ˈpɪjɛtɛ ˈkaːvu || Do you drink coffee?
 
|-
|-
| On/Ona/Ono mluví || On/Ona/Ono mloovee || He/She/It speaks
 
| Oni cestují do zahraničí. || ˈɔnɪ ˈt͡sɛstujɪ ˈdoː ˈzaxraɪ̯niːʧɪ || They are traveling abroad.
 
|-
|-
| My mluvíme || Me mlooveeme || We speak
 
| Já poslouchám hudbu. || jaː ˈposlʊxaːm ˈɦudbu || I am listening to music.
 
|-
|-
| Vy mluvíte || Vee mlooveete || You speak (plural)
 
| Ty cvičíš každý den. || tɪ ˈtsvɪt͡ʃiːʃ ˈkaʒdɪ ˈdɛn || You exercise every day.
 
|-
 
| On vaří večeři. || ɔn ˈvaːrɪ ˈvɛt͡ʃɛrɪ || He cooks dinner.
 
|-
 
| Ona fotí přírodu. || ɔna ˈfoɾiː ˈpʃɪːroʊdu || She takes pictures of nature.
 
|-
|-
| Oni/Ony/Ona mluví || Oni/Ony/Ona mloovee || They speak
 
| My máme rádi zmrzlinu. || mɪ ˈmaːmɛ ˈraːdɪ ˈzmrzlinu || We like ice cream.
 
|-
 
| Vy hrajete šachy? || vɪ ˈɦraɪ̯tɛ ˈʃaxɪ || Do you play chess?
 
|-
 
| Oni uklízejí v bytě. || ˈɔnɪ ˈuːklɪzeːjɪ v ˈbɪtʲɛ || They are cleaning the apartment.
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the verb endings change based on the subject pronouns. It's important to note that the verb endings for the singular forms (Já, Ty, On/Ona/Ono) are different from the verb endings for the plural forms (My, Vy, Oni/Ony/Ona). This distinction is crucial for accurate communication in Czech.
=== Exercises for Practice ===
 
Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are 10 exercises for you to practice your understanding of the present tense.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====
 
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
 
1. Já _____ (jít) do školy. 
 
2. Ty _____ (být) můj přítel. 
 
3. Ona _____ (mít) novou knihu. 
 
4. My _____ (dělat) domácí úkoly. 
 
5. Oni _____ (hrát) fotbal každý víkend. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Já '''jdu''' do školy. 
 
2. Ty '''jsi''' můj přítel. 
 
3. Ona '''má''' novou knihu. 
 
4. My '''děláme''' domácí úkoly. 
 
5. Oni '''hrají''' fotbal každý víkend. 
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate into Czech ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Czech.
 
1. I love music. 
 
2. You (plural) are eating pasta. 
 
3. He reads a book. 
 
4. She speaks Czech. 
 
5. We are studying. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Já '''miluji''' hudbu. 
 
2. Vy '''jíte''' těstoviny. 
 
3. On '''čte''' knihu. 
 
4. Ona '''mluví''' česky. 
 
5. My '''se učíme'''. 
 
==== Exercise 3: Conjugate the verb ====
 
Conjugate the verb ''hrát'' (to play) in the present tense.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
* já '''hraji''' 
 
* ty '''hraješ''' 
 
* on/ona/ono '''hraje''' 
 
* my '''hrajeme''' 
 
* vy '''hrajete''' 
 
* oni '''hrají''' 
 
==== Exercise 4: Circle the correct verb form ====
 
Choose the correct verb form for each sentence:
 
1. (On/Ony) _____ (jít) do parku. 
 
2. (Já/Ty) _____ (mít) rád zmrzlinu. 
 
3. (Oni/My) _____ (být) šťastní. 
 
4. (Ty/My) _____ (dělat) cvičení každý den. 
 
5. (Ona/Vy) _____ (číst) noviny. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. On '''jde''' do parku. 
 
2. Já '''mám''' rád zmrzlinu. 
 
3. Oni '''jsou''' šťastní. 
 
4. Ty '''děláš''' cvičení každý den. 
 
5. Ona '''čte''' noviny. 
 
==== Exercise 5: Create your own sentences ====
 
Write five sentences in Czech using the present tense about your daily activities.
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
1. Já '''jím''' snídani. 
 
2. Ty '''píšeš''' e-mail. 
 
3. On '''pracuje''' v kanceláři. 
 
4. Ona '''studuje''' na univerzitě. 
 
5. My '''chodíme''' na procházky. 
 
==== Exercise 6: Matching ====
 
Match the sentence parts:
 
1. Já (a) _____ fotbal.


== Usage of the Present Tense ==
2. Ty (b) _____ rádi zmrzlinu. 


The present tense is used to talk about actions happening now or in the near future. Let's explore some common situations where the present tense is applied:
3. On (c) _____ do školy. 


=== Talking About Daily Routines ===
4. My (d) _____ čtu knihu. 


When describing daily routines or habits, the present tense is used. For example:
5. Oni (e) _____ hrají. 


* Já chodím do práce každý den. (I go to work every day.)
'''Answers:'''
* Oni vstávají brzy. (They wake up early.)


=== Expressing General Truths ===
1. Já (c) '''jdu''' do školy. 


The present tense is also used to express general truths or facts. For example:
2. Ty (b) '''máš''' rádi zmrzlinu. 


* Slunce svítí ve dne a měsíc v noci. (The sun shines during the day, and the moon at night.)
3. On (e) '''hrají''' fotbal.
* Voda vaří při sto stupních Celsia. (Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.)


=== Describing Future Plans ===
4. My (d) '''čtu''' knihu. 


To talk about future plans or scheduled events, the present tense is often used. For example:
5. Oni (a) '''hrají'''. 


* Zítra jedu do Prahy. (Tomorrow, I am going to Prague.)
==== Exercise 7: Change the subject ====
* V sobotu hrajeme fotbal. (On Saturday, we play football.)


Remember that even though we are referring to future events, we still use the present tense in Czech.
Change the subject of the following sentences from singular to plural:


== Cultural Insights ==
1. Ona čte knihu. 


The usage of the present tense in Czech aligns closely with other Slavic languages. However, it's important to note that certain regional variations exist within the Czech Republic. For instance, in some dialects, speakers may use different verb forms or conjugation patterns in the present tense. These variations are often influenced by historical factors and local customs.
2. Ty píšeš dopis.


Czech culture is deeply rooted in its history and traditions. The Czech Republic is known for its rich literary heritage, with influential writers such as Franz Kafka and Milan Kundera. Additionally, Czech cuisine is renowned for its hearty dishes like goulash and svíčková, and the country is famous for its beer production, with the city of Pilsen being the birthplace of the Pilsner style of beer.
3. On hraje na kytaru.


== Practice Exercises ==
4. Já jím jablko. 


Now, let's put your knowledge of the present tense to the test with some practice exercises. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence:
5. My pracujeme v kanceláři.


1. Já (mluvit/mluvím) česky.
'''Answers:'''
2. Oni (jíst/jí) večeři spolu.
3. Ty (hrát/hraješ) na klavír.
4. My (čekat/čekáme) na autobus.
5. Ona (pít/pije) kávu každé ráno.


'''Solutions:'''
1. Ony čtou knihy.
1. Já mluvím česky. (I speak Czech.)
2. Oni jí večeři spolu. (They eat dinner together.)
3. Ty hraješ na klavír. (You play the piano.)
4. My čekáme na autobus. (We wait for the bus.)
5. Ona pije kávu každé ráno. (She drinks coffee every morning.)


== Conclusion ==
2. Vy píšete dopisy. 


Congratulations! You have now learned how to use the present tense in Czech to talk about actions happening now or in the near future. The present tense is a crucial aspect of everyday communication, allowing you to express yourself in various situations. Keep practicing and incorporating the present tense into your conversations to reinforce your understanding. In the next lesson, we will explore the past tense and learn how to talk about things that have already happened.
3. Oni hrají na kytary. 
 
4. My jíme jablka. 
 
5. My pracujeme v kancelářích. 
 
==== Exercise 8: Identify the tense ====
 
Identify whether the following sentences are in the present, past, or future tense:
 
1. Já jdu do práce. 
 
2. Ty jsi šťastný. 
 
3. Oni budou cestovat. 
 
4. Ona vařila večeři. 
 
5. My hrajeme šachy. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Present 
 
2. Past 
 
3. Future 
 
4. Past 
 
5. Present 
 
==== Exercise 9: Fill in the blanks with the correct form ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb ''být'' (to be):
 
1. My _____ studenti. 
 
2. On _____ doktor. 
 
3. Ty _____ velmi šťastný. 
 
4. Já _____ doma. 
 
5. Oni _____ v parku. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. My '''jsme''' studenti. 
 
2. On '''je''' doktor. 
 
3. Ty '''jsi''' velmi šťastný. 
 
4. Já '''jsem''' doma. 
 
5. Oni '''jsou''' v parku.
 
==== Exercise 10: Describe your daily routine ====
 
Write a short paragraph describing your daily routine using the present tense verbs you learned.
 
'''Example Answer:'''
 
Každé ráno vstávám, snídám a jdu do školy. Po škole se učím a dělám úkoly. Večer se setkávám s přáteli a hrajeme fotbal.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense! With practice, you’ll become more comfortable using these structures in conversation. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit any sections that need more attention.  


{{#seo:
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|title=Czech Grammar → Verbs → Present Tense
 
|keywords=Czech grammar, present tense, Czech verbs, Czech language, Czech course, present tense conjugation
|title=Czech Grammar Present Tense Lesson
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the present tense in Czech to talk about actions happening now or in the near future. We will explore the conjugation patterns for regular verbs, discuss its usage in everyday situations, and provide practice exercises to reinforce your understanding.
 
|keywords=Czech language, present tense, grammar, verb conjugation, Czech for beginners
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the present tense in Czech, including conjugation of regular and irregular verbs with practical examples and exercises.
 
}}
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 04:06, 1 August 2024

◀️ Introduction to Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

Czech-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Czech → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

Welcome to the exciting world of Czech grammar! Today, we will focus on one of the fundamental aspects of the language: the present tense. Understanding how to use the present tense is essential for expressing actions that are happening now or in the near future. This lesson will help you communicate basic ideas about your daily life, preferences, and activities—key elements for any beginner aiming to achieve conversational proficiency in Czech.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The structure of the present tense in Czech.
  • Regular and irregular verb conjugation.
  • Common verbs used in everyday conversation.
  • Examples to illustrate usage.
  • Exercises to practice what you’ve learned.

Let’s dive into the fascinating details of the present tense!

Understanding the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Czech is used to describe actions that are currently taking place or are habitual. Unlike English, which uses auxiliary verbs to form continuous tenses, Czech relies on verb conjugations to convey similar meanings.

The verb endings in Czech change based on the subject pronouns, which makes mastering this tense essential for clear communication.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Czech follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. Here’s a general overview of how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense based on their endings.

1. -at verbs (e.g., dělat - to do)

2. -et verbs (e.g., psát - to write)

3. -it verbs (e.g., číst - to read)

Let's break this down further.

Regular Verbs Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Below is a table summarizing the conjugation of the verb dělat (to do) as an example of a regular -at verb:

Czech Pronunciation English
já dělám jaː ˈɟɛlaːm I do
ty děláš tɪ ˈɟɛlaːʃ You do (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono dělá ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈɟɛlaː He/She/It does
my děláme mɪ ˈɟɛlaːmɛ We do
vy děláte vɪ ˈɟɛlaːtɛ You do (plural/formal)
oni dělají ˈɔnɪ ˈɟɛlaːjɪ They do

Now, let’s take a look at the verb psát (to write), which is a regular -et verb:

Czech Pronunciation English
já píšu jaː ˈpiːʃu I write
ty píšeš tɪ ˈpiːʃɛʃ You write (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono píše ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈpiːʃɛ He/She/It writes
my píšeme mɪ ˈpiːʃɛmɛ We write
vy píšete vɪ ˈpiːʃɛtɛ You write (plural/formal)
oni píší ˈɔnɪ ˈpiːʃiː They write

Lastly, let’s examine the verb číst (to read), which is a regular -it verb:

Czech Pronunciation English
já čtu jaː ˈtʃtu I read
ty čteš tɪ ˈtʃtɛʃ You read (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono čte ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ ˈtʃtɛ He/She/It reads
my čteme mɪ ˈtʃtɛmɛ We read
vy čtete vɪ ˈtʃtɛtɛ You read (plural/formal)
oni čtou ˈɔnɪ ˈtʃtoʊ They read

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s discuss a few common irregular verbs. Irregular verbs don’t follow the standard conjugation patterns, so they require a bit more memorization. Here are some frequently used irregular verbs:

1. být (to be)

2. mít (to have)

3. jít (to go)

Here’s how to conjugate these irregular verbs in the present tense:

Conjugation of být (to be)

Czech Pronunciation English
já jsem jaː ˈjɛsɛm I am
ty jsi tɪ ˈjɪsɪ You are (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono je ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ jɛ He/She/It is
my jsme mɪ ˈjʊsɛm We are
vy jste vɪ ˈjɛstɛ You are (plural/formal)
oni jsou ˈɔnɪ ˈjɔʊ They are

Conjugation of mít (to have)

Czech Pronunciation English
já mám jaː ˈmaːm I have
ty máš tɪ ˈmaːʃ You have (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono má ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ maː He/She/It has
my máme mɪ ˈmaːmɛ We have
vy máte vɪ ˈmaːtɛ You have (plural/formal)
oni mají ˈɔnɪ ˈmaːjʊ They have

Conjugation of jít (to go)

Czech Pronunciation English
já jdu jaː ˈjdu I go
ty jdeš tɪ ˈjɛʃ You go (singular, informal)
on/ona/ono jde ɔn/ˈɔna/ˈɔnɔ jɛ He/She/It goes
my jdeme mɪ ˈjɛdɛmɛ We go
vy jdete vɪ ˈjɛdɛtɛ You go (plural/formal)
oni jdou ˈɔnɪ ˈjdoʊ They go

Everyday Usage of the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand the basic structure and conjugation of the present tense in Czech, let’s look at some practical examples of how to use these verbs in everyday conversations.

Here are 20 example sentences that show how to use present tense verbs in context:

Czech Pronunciation English
Já jím jablko. jaː ˈjiːm ˈjabɫko I am eating an apple.
Ty mluvíš anglicky? tɪ ˈmluːviːʃ ˈaŋɡlɪtski Do you speak English?
On hraje fotbal. ɔn ˈɦraːjɛ ˈfɔtbaɫ He is playing football.
Ona čte knihu. ɔna ˈtʃtɛ ˈkniɦu She is reading a book.
My bydlíme v Praze. mɪ ˈbɪdliːmɛ v ˈpraːzɛ We live in Prague.
Vy pracujete v kanceláři. vɪ ˈpraːt͡suːjɛtɛ v ˈkantsɛlaːrɪ You work in an office.
Oni hrají na kytaru. ˈɔnɪ ˈɦrajiː na kɪˈtaːru They are playing the guitar.
Já dělám domácí úkol. jaː ˈdɛlaːm doˈmaːtsiː ˈuːkoɫ I am doing homework.
Ty jíš těstoviny? tɪ ˈjiːʃ ˈtɕɛstovɪnɪ Do you eat pasta?
On miluje zvířata. ɔn ˈmɪluːjɛ ˈzvɪːrata He loves animals.
Ona nakupuje v obchodě. ɔna ˈnakuːpʊjɛ v ˈobxɔdʲɛ She is shopping at the store.
My se učíme česky. mɪ sɛ ˈuːt͡ʃɪːmɛ ˈtʃɛski We are learning Czech.
Vy pijete kávu? vɪ ˈpɪjɛtɛ ˈkaːvu Do you drink coffee?
Oni cestují do zahraničí. ˈɔnɪ ˈt͡sɛstujɪ ˈdoː ˈzaxraɪ̯niːʧɪ They are traveling abroad.
Já poslouchám hudbu. jaː ˈposlʊxaːm ˈɦudbu I am listening to music.
Ty cvičíš každý den. tɪ ˈtsvɪt͡ʃiːʃ ˈkaʒdɪ ˈdɛn You exercise every day.
On vaří večeři. ɔn ˈvaːrɪ ˈvɛt͡ʃɛrɪ He cooks dinner.
Ona fotí přírodu. ɔna ˈfoɾiː ˈpʃɪːroʊdu She takes pictures of nature.
My máme rádi zmrzlinu. mɪ ˈmaːmɛ ˈraːdɪ ˈzmrzlinu We like ice cream.
Vy hrajete šachy? vɪ ˈɦraɪ̯tɛ ˈʃaxɪ Do you play chess?
Oni uklízejí v bytě. ˈɔnɪ ˈuːklɪzeːjɪ v ˈbɪtʲɛ They are cleaning the apartment.

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are 10 exercises for you to practice your understanding of the present tense.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.

1. Já _____ (jít) do školy.

2. Ty _____ (být) můj přítel.

3. Ona _____ (mít) novou knihu.

4. My _____ (dělat) domácí úkoly.

5. Oni _____ (hrát) fotbal každý víkend.

Answers:

1. Já jdu do školy.

2. Ty jsi můj přítel.

3. Ona má novou knihu.

4. My děláme domácí úkoly.

5. Oni hrají fotbal každý víkend.

Exercise 2: Translate into Czech[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Czech.

1. I love music.

2. You (plural) are eating pasta.

3. He reads a book.

4. She speaks Czech.

5. We are studying.

Answers:

1. Já miluji hudbu.

2. Vy jíte těstoviny.

3. On čte knihu.

4. Ona mluví česky.

5. My se učíme.

Exercise 3: Conjugate the verb[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the verb hrát (to play) in the present tense.

Answers:

  • já hraji
  • ty hraješ
  • on/ona/ono hraje
  • my hrajeme
  • vy hrajete
  • oni hrají

Exercise 4: Circle the correct verb form[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct verb form for each sentence:

1. (On/Ony) _____ (jít) do parku.

2. (Já/Ty) _____ (mít) rád zmrzlinu.

3. (Oni/My) _____ (být) šťastní.

4. (Ty/My) _____ (dělat) cvičení každý den.

5. (Ona/Vy) _____ (číst) noviny.

Answers:

1. On jde do parku.

2. Já mám rád zmrzlinu.

3. Oni jsou šťastní.

4. Ty děláš cvičení každý den.

5. Ona čte noviny.

Exercise 5: Create your own sentences[edit | edit source]

Write five sentences in Czech using the present tense about your daily activities.

Example Answers:

1. Já jím snídani.

2. Ty píšeš e-mail.

3. On pracuje v kanceláři.

4. Ona studuje na univerzitě.

5. My chodíme na procházky.

Exercise 6: Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the sentence parts:

1. Já (a) _____ fotbal.

2. Ty (b) _____ rádi zmrzlinu.

3. On (c) _____ do školy.

4. My (d) _____ čtu knihu.

5. Oni (e) _____ hrají.

Answers:

1. Já (c) jdu do školy.

2. Ty (b) máš rádi zmrzlinu.

3. On (e) hrají fotbal.

4. My (d) čtu knihu.

5. Oni (a) hrají.

Exercise 7: Change the subject[edit | edit source]

Change the subject of the following sentences from singular to plural:

1. Ona čte knihu.

2. Ty píšeš dopis.

3. On hraje na kytaru.

4. Já jím jablko.

5. My pracujeme v kanceláři.

Answers:

1. Ony čtou knihy.

2. Vy píšete dopisy.

3. Oni hrají na kytary.

4. My jíme jablka.

5. My pracujeme v kancelářích.

Exercise 8: Identify the tense[edit | edit source]

Identify whether the following sentences are in the present, past, or future tense:

1. Já jdu do práce.

2. Ty jsi šťastný.

3. Oni budou cestovat.

4. Ona vařila večeři.

5. My hrajeme šachy.

Answers:

1. Present

2. Past

3. Future

4. Past

5. Present

Exercise 9: Fill in the blanks with the correct form[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb být (to be):

1. My _____ studenti.

2. On _____ doktor.

3. Ty _____ velmi šťastný.

4. Já _____ doma.

5. Oni _____ v parku.

Answers:

1. My jsme studenti.

2. On je doktor.

3. Ty jsi velmi šťastný.

4. Já jsem doma.

5. Oni jsou v parku.

Exercise 10: Describe your daily routine[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph describing your daily routine using the present tense verbs you learned.

Example Answer:

Každé ráno vstávám, snídám a jdu do školy. Po škole se učím a dělám úkoly. Večer se setkávám s přáteli a hrajeme fotbal.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense! With practice, you’ll become more comfortable using these structures in conversation. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit any sections that need more attention.

Table of Contents - Czech Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Nouns and Pronouns


Verbs


Adjectives and Adverbs


Greetings and Introductions


At the Restaurant


Daily Life


History and Traditions


Art and Heritage

Videos[edit | edit source]

Czech Grammar 1 - TO BE (BÝT) in Singular Present and Past ...[edit | edit source]

Quick Guide to Czech Conjugation in Present Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Learn Czech Conjugation of Czech verbs. Přítomný čas - Present ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Introduction to Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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