Difference between revisions of "Language/Czech/Grammar/Demonstrative-Pronouns"

Latest revision as of 04:04, 1 August 2024

◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️

Czech → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Demonstrative Pronouns

In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of demonstrative pronouns in Czech. These pronouns are essential for pointing out specific objects or people, making our conversations clearer and more engaging. Whether you're describing something nearby or referencing something further away, demonstrative pronouns will help you express yourself with precision.

Understanding how to use these pronouns is vital for building a solid foundation in Czech. Not only will they enhance your vocabulary, but they will also enrich your ability to communicate effectively.

This lesson will cover:

An introduction to demonstrative pronouns and their importance

Detailed explanations of each pronoun, along with examples

Exercises to practice what you've learned

Solutions and explanations for each exercise to reinforce understanding

So, let’s dive right in!

What are Demonstrative Pronouns?[edit | edit source]

Demonstrative pronouns are words used to indicate or point to specific things or people. In Czech, they function similarly to English pronouns like "this," "that," "these," and "those." However, they also have specific forms that agree with the gender and number of the nouns they refer to.

In Czech, the primary demonstrative pronouns are:

ten (this/that - masculine singular)

ta (this/that - feminine singular)

to (this/that - neuter singular)

ti (these/those - masculine plural)

ty (these/those - feminine plural)

ta (these/those - neuter plural)

Let’s break these down a bit more!

Singular Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Masculine[edit | edit source]

ten: Used for masculine nouns.

Feminine[edit | edit source]

ta: Used for feminine nouns.

Neuter[edit | edit source]

to: Used for neuter nouns.

Here’s a table to illustrate these pronouns:

Czech	Pronunciation	English
ten	tɛn	this/that (masculine singular)
ta	ta	this/that (feminine singular)
to	to	this/that (neuter singular)

Plural Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Czech also has plural forms of demonstrative pronouns that correspond to groups of masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.

Masculine Plural[edit | edit source]

ti: Used for masculine plural nouns.

Feminine Plural[edit | edit source]

ty: Used for feminine plural nouns.

Neuter Plural[edit | edit source]

ta: Used for neuter plural nouns.

Here’s how these look in a table:

Czech	Pronunciation	English
ti	ti	these/those (masculine plural)
ty	ti	these/those (feminine plural)
ta	ta	these/those (neuter plural)

Examples of Usage[edit | edit source]

To better understand how to use these pronouns, let’s look at some examples in different contexts.

Singular Examples[edit | edit source]

Czech	Pronunciation	English
Ten stůl je nový.	tɛn stu:l jɛ no:vi	This table is new. (masculine)
Ta židle je pohodlná.	ta ʒi:d.lɛ jɛ po.ho.dɭ.na	This chair is comfortable. (feminine)
To auto je rychlé.	to aʊ.to jɛ rɪx.lɛ	This car is fast. (neuter)

Plural Examples[edit | edit source]

Czech	Pronunciation	English
Ti muži jsou zde.	ti mu.ʒi joʊ z.dɛ	These men are here. (masculine plural)
Ty ženy jsou šťastné.	ti ʒɛ.nɪ joʊ ʃtʲas.tnɛ	Those women are happy. (feminine plural)
Ta jídla jsou dobrá.	ta ji:d.la joʊ do.ˈbra	These dishes are good. (neuter plural)

Important Notes[edit | edit source]

1. Gender Agreement: Remember that the form of the demonstrative pronoun must agree in gender with the noun it refers to.

2. Cases: Czech is a case-based language, so the form of the pronoun can change based on its grammatical case (nominative, accusative, etc.). For now, we will focus on the nominative case.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a good grasp of demonstrative pronouns, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are exercises designed to help you practice.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun to fill in the blanks.

1. ___ dům je velký. (this/that)

2. ___ kniha je zajímavá. (this/that)

3. ___ auto je modré. (this/that)

4. ___ muži pracují. (these/those)

5. ___ ženy se smějí. (these/those)

Exercise 2: Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the Czech sentences with their English translations.

1. Ten pes je přátelský.

2. Ta kočka je malá.

3. To jídlo je chutné.

4. Ti studenti jsou chytří.

5. Ty knihy jsou staré.

a. Those books are old.

b. This food is tasty.

c. This cat is small.

d. That dog is friendly.

e. These students are smart.

Exercise 3: Translation[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Czech.

1. This girl is happy.

2. Those boys are tall.

3. That house is beautiful.

4. These apples are fresh.

5. This city is famous.

Exercise 4: Choose the Correct Pronoun[edit | edit source]

Select the correct demonstrative pronoun based on the noun provided.

1. ___ (dívka) je šťastná.

a) ten

b) ta

c) to

2. ___ (auto) je rychlé.

a) ten

b) ta

c) to

3. ___ (muži) jsou silní.

a) ti

b) ty

c) ta

4. ___ (ženy) jsou krásné.

a) ti

b) ty

c) ta

Exercise 5: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following prompts.

1. (ten dům)

2. (ta kniha)

3. (to jídlo)

4. (ti studenti)

5. (ty ženy)

Exercise 6: True or False[edit | edit source]

Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1. "ten" is used for feminine nouns.

2. "ta" is used for masculine nouns.

3. "to" is used for neuter nouns.

4. "ti" is the plural form for masculine nouns.

5. "ty" is the plural form for feminine nouns.

Exercise 7: Fill in the Table[edit | edit source]

Fill in the table with the appropriate forms based on the examples provided.

Gender	Singular	Plural
Masculine	___	___
Feminine	___	___
Neuter	___	___

Exercise 8: Pronoun Identification[edit | edit source]

Identify the demonstrative pronouns in the following sentences.

1. Ten stůl je tam.

2. Ta květina je krásná.

3. To zvíře je veverka.

4. Ti lidé mluví.

5. Ty dívky zpívají.

Exercise 9: Contextual Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write sentences using demonstrative pronouns in context, focusing on a specific setting (e.g., in a classroom, at home, in a park).

Exercise 10: Error Correction[edit | edit source]

Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. Ta dům je malý.

2. Ten auto je staré.

3. To ženy jsou šťastné.

4. Ty muži jsou zde.

5. Ti jídlo je dobré.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Below are the solutions to the exercises, along with explanations to deepen your understanding.

Exercise 1 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. Ten dům je velký.

2. Ta kniha je zajímavá.

3. To auto je modré.

4. Ti muži pracují.

5. Ty ženy se smějí.

Explanation: Here, we chose the correct demonstrative pronouns based on the gender of the nouns.

Exercise 2 Solution[edit | edit source]

1 - d

2 - c

3 - b

4 - e

5 - a

Explanation: Match each Czech sentence with the correct English translation, focusing on the meaning of the demonstrative pronouns.

Exercise 3 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. Ta dívka je šťastná.

2. Ti chlapci jsou vysocí.

3. Ten dům je krásný.

4. Ty jablka jsou čerstvá.

5. To město je slavné.

Explanation: Translations focused on correctly identifying the gender of nouns for the appropriate demonstrative pronoun.

Exercise 4 Solution[edit | edit source]

1 - b

2 - c

3 - a

4 - b

Explanation: Correctly selected demonstrative pronouns based on the gender of the nouns.

Exercise 5 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. Ten dům je velký.

2. Ta kniha je zajímavá.

3. To jídlo je chutné.

4. Ti studenti jsou chytří.

5. Ty ženy jsou krásné.

Explanation: Created sentences using the given prompts with correct demonstrative pronouns.

Exercise 6 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. False

2. False

3. True

4. True

5. True

Explanation: Evaluated the correctness of statements about demonstrative pronouns.

Exercise 7 Solution[edit | edit source]

Gender	Singular	Plural
Masculine	ten	ti
Feminine	ta	ty
Neuter	to	ta

Explanation: Filled the table with correct forms of demonstrative pronouns based on gender and number.

Exercise 8 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. Ten

2. Ta

3. To

4. Ti

5. Ty

Explanation: Identified demonstrative pronouns from the sentences provided.

Exercise 9 Solution[edit | edit source]

(Students' sentences will vary; encourage creativity and context.)

Explanation: Focused on using demonstrative pronouns in specific contexts to enhance understanding.

Exercise 10 Solution[edit | edit source]

1. Ten dům je malý.

2. To auto je staré.

3. Ty ženy jsou šťastné.

4. Ti muži jsou zde.

5. To jídlo je dobré.

Explanation: Corrected mistakes based on the proper usage of demonstrative pronouns.

By now, you have a clearer understanding of demonstrative pronouns in Czech! Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these pronouns in your conversations and writing.

Table of Contents - Czech Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Alphabet and Pronunciation

Nouns and Pronouns

Verbs

Adjectives and Adverbs

Greetings and Introductions

At the Restaurant

Daily Life

History and Traditions

Art and Heritage

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Czech/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Czech/Grammar/Possessive-Pronouns|Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Czech-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Czech|Czech]]  → [[Language/Czech/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Czech/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Demonstrative Pronouns</div>
-<div class="pg_page_title">Czech Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns → Demonstrative Pronouns</div>
+In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of '''demonstrative pronouns''' in Czech. These pronouns are essential for pointing out specific objects or people, making our conversations clearer and more engaging. Whether you're describing something nearby or referencing something further away, demonstrative pronouns will help you express yourself with precision.
+Understanding how to use these pronouns is vital for building a solid foundation in Czech. Not only will they enhance your vocabulary, but they will also enrich your ability to communicate effectively.
+This lesson will cover:
+* An introduction to demonstrative pronouns and their importance
+* Detailed explanations of each pronoun, along with examples
+* Exercises to practice what you've learned
+* Solutions and explanations for each exercise to reinforce understanding
+So, let’s dive right in!
 __TOC__
-As a Czech language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I know that learning a new language can be tough, but with the right approach, anyone can learn Czech. In this lesson, we will discuss demonstrative pronouns, which are used to point out objects or people. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use demonstrative pronouns in everyday conversations.
+=== What are Demonstrative Pronouns? ===
+Demonstrative pronouns are words used to indicate or point to specific things or people. In Czech, they function similarly to English pronouns like "this," "that," "these," and "those." However, they also have specific forms that agree with the gender and number of the nouns they refer to.
+In Czech, the primary demonstrative pronouns are:
+* '''ten''' (this/that - masculine singular)
+* '''ta''' (this/that - feminine singular)
+* '''to''' (this/that - neuter singular)
+* '''ti''' (these/those - masculine plural)
+* '''ty''' (these/those - feminine plural)
-<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Present-Continuous-in-Czech|Present Continuous in Czech]] & [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]].</span>
+* '''ta''' (these/those - neuter plural)
-== What are Demonstrative Pronouns ==
-Demonstrative pronouns are words that are used to indicate or point to specific people, objects, or places. In Czech, there are three types of demonstrative pronouns - tady, tam, and ten. They all have different meanings and uses.
+Let’s break these down a bit more!
-* Tady means "here" and is used to refer to something close to the speaker.
+=== Singular Demonstrative Pronouns ===
-* Tam means "there" and is used to refer to something farther away from the speaker.
-* Ten means "that" and is used to refer to something specific.
-Demonstrative pronouns in Czech decline like nouns, meaning their form changes depending on gender, number, and case.
+==== Masculine ====
-Here is an example of how to decline Tady, Tam, and Ten:
+* '''ten''': Used for masculine nouns.
+==== Feminine ====
+* '''ta''': Used for feminine nouns.
+==== Neuter ====
+* '''to''': Used for neuter nouns.
+Here’s a table to illustrate these pronouns:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| tady  || tah-dee || here
+| ten  || tɛn || this/that (masculine singular)
 |-
-| tam  || tahm || there
+| ta  || ta || this/that (feminine singular)
 |-
-| ten  || tehn || that
+| to  || to || this/that (neuter singular)
 |}
-== Using Demonstrative Pronouns ==
+=== Plural Demonstrative Pronouns ===
+Czech also has plural forms of demonstrative pronouns that correspond to groups of masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
+==== Masculine Plural ====
+* '''ti''': Used for masculine plural nouns.
+==== Feminine Plural ====
-Demonstrative pronouns are used much like they are in English. You can use them when pointing out something in particular, like an object or a person.
+* '''ty''': Used for feminine plural nouns.
-Here are some examples of how to use demonstrative pronouns in Czech:
+==== Neuter Plural ====
-* Tady je můj kávovar. (Here is my coffee maker.)
+* '''ta''': Used for neuter plural nouns.
-* Tam je moje kancelář. (There is my office.)
-* Ten psík je tak roztomilý! (That puppy is so cute!)
-Remember, demonstrative pronouns must be declined appropriately according to gender, number, and case.
+Here’s how these look in a table:
-Here is a chart of how the demonstrative pronouns decline:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| ti  || ti || these/those (masculine plural)
+|-
+| ty  || ti || these/those (feminine plural)
+|-
+| ta  || ta || these/those (neuter plural)
+|}
+=== Examples of Usage ===
+To better understand how to use these pronouns, let’s look at some examples in different contexts.
+==== Singular Examples ====
 {| class="wikitable"
-!  !! singular !! plural
+! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-! masculine
-| ten || tito
+| Ten stůl je nový. || tɛn stu:l jɛ no:vi || This table is new. (masculine)
 |-
-! feminine
-| ta || tyto
+| Ta židle je pohodlná. || ta ʒi:d.lɛ jɛ po.ho.dɭ.na || This chair is comfortable. (feminine)
 |-
-! neuter
-| to || ta
+| To auto je rychlé. || to aʊ.to jɛ rɪx.lɛ || This car is fast. (neuter)
 |}
-== Practice ==
+==== Plural Examples ====
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Czech !! Pronunciation !! English
-To practice using demonstrative pronouns, complete the following sentences using the correct form of tady, tam or ten:
+|-
-# _____ je můj obchod. (There is my shop.)
+| Ti muži jsou zde. || ti mu.ʒi joʊ z.dɛ || These men are here. (masculine plural)
-# _____ pes je můj oblíbený. (____ dog is my favorite.)
-# _____ kočka je tak kouzelná. (____ cat is so charming.)
-# Mám hlad. Dáš mi _____ jablko? (I'm hungry. Will you give me _____ apple?)
-Answers:
+|-
-# Tam je můj obchod. (There is my shop.)
+| Ty ženy jsou šťastné. || ti ʒɛ.nɪ joʊ ʃtʲas.tnɛ || Those women are happy. (feminine plural)
-# Ten pes je můj oblíbený. (That dog is my favorite.)
-# Ta kočka je tak kouzelná. (That cat is so charming.)
-# Tady - jedno - (I'm hungry. Will you give me that apple?)
-== Conclusion ==
+|-
-In conclusion, demonstrative pronouns are an essential part of Czech grammar. They allow you to point out objects and people, making your communication more precise and clear. Now that you know how to use them, I encourage you to practice using them in your daily life. Good luck!
+| Ta jídla jsou dobrá. || ta ji:d.la joʊ do.ˈbra || These dishes are good. (neuter plural)
-<span class='maj'></span>
+|}
-==Sources==
-* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Czech_Language/Pronouns Czech Language/Pronouns - Wikiversity]
+=== Important Notes ===
-* [https://www.locallingo.com/czech/grammar/pronouns.html Czech pronouns - personal, demonstrative, possessive]
-* [https://duolingo.fandom.com/wiki/Czech_Skill:Demonstratives Czech Skill:Demonstratives | Duolingo Wiki | Fandom]
+. '''Gender Agreement''': Remember that the form of the demonstrative pronoun must agree in gender with the noun it refers to.
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_declension Czech declension - Wikipedia]
+. '''Cases''': Czech is a case-based language, so the form of the pronoun can change based on its grammatical case (nominative, accusative, etc.). For now, we will focus on the nominative case.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now that you have a good grasp of demonstrative pronouns, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are exercises designed to help you practice.
+=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
+Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun to fill in the blanks.
+. ___ dům je velký. (this/that)
+. ___ kniha je zajímavá. (this/that)
+. ___ auto je modré. (this/that)
+. ___ muži pracují. (these/those)
+. ___ ženy se smějí. (these/those)
+=== Exercise 2: Matching ===
+Match the Czech sentences with their English translations.
+. Ten pes je přátelský.
+. Ta kočka je malá.
+. To jídlo je chutné.
+. Ti studenti jsou chytří.
+. Ty knihy jsou staré.
+a. Those books are old.
+b. This food is tasty.
+c. This cat is small.
+d. That dog is friendly.
+e. These students are smart.
+=== Exercise 3: Translation ===
+Translate the following sentences into Czech.
+. This girl is happy.
+. Those boys are tall.
+. That house is beautiful.
+. These apples are fresh.
+. This city is famous.
+=== Exercise 4: Choose the Correct Pronoun ===
+Select the correct demonstrative pronoun based on the noun provided.
+. ___ (dívka) je šťastná.
+a) ten
+b) ta
+c) to
+. ___ (auto) je rychlé.
+a) ten
+b) ta
+c) to
+. ___ (muži) jsou silní.
+a) ti
+b) ty
+c) ta
+. ___ (ženy) jsou krásné.
+a) ti
+b) ty
+c) ta
+=== Exercise 5: Sentence Creation ===
+Create sentences using the following prompts.
+. (ten dům)
+. (ta kniha)
+. (to jídlo)
+. (ti studenti)
+. (ty ženy)
+=== Exercise 6: True or False ===
+Decide if the following statements are true or false.
+. "ten" is used for feminine nouns.
+. "ta" is used for masculine nouns.
+. "to" is used for neuter nouns.
+. "ti" is the plural form for masculine nouns.
+. "ty" is the plural form for feminine nouns.
+=== Exercise 7: Fill in the Table ===
+Fill in the table with the appropriate forms based on the examples provided.
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Gender !! Singular !! Plural
+|-
+| Masculine || ___ || ___
+|-
+| Feminine || ___ || ___
+|-
+| Neuter || ___ || ___
+|}
+=== Exercise 8: Pronoun Identification ===
+Identify the demonstrative pronouns in the following sentences.
+. Ten stůl je tam.
+. Ta květina je krásná.
+. To zvíře je veverka.
+. Ti lidé mluví.
+. Ty dívky zpívají.
+=== Exercise 9: Contextual Sentences ===
+Write sentences using demonstrative pronouns in context, focusing on a specific setting (e.g., in a classroom, at home, in a park).
+=== Exercise 10: Error Correction ===
+Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
+. Ta dům je malý.
+. Ten auto je staré.
+. To ženy jsou šťastné.
+. Ty muži jsou zde.
+. Ti jídlo je dobré.
+== Solutions and Explanations ==
+Below are the solutions to the exercises, along with explanations to deepen your understanding.
+=== Exercise 1 Solution ===
+. Ten dům je velký.
+. Ta kniha je zajímavá.
+. To auto je modré.
+. Ti muži pracují.
+. Ty ženy se smějí.
+''Explanation'': Here, we chose the correct demonstrative pronouns based on the gender of the nouns.
+=== Exercise 2 Solution ===
+- d
+- c
+- b
+- e
+- a
+''Explanation'': Match each Czech sentence with the correct English translation, focusing on the meaning of the demonstrative pronouns.
+=== Exercise 3 Solution ===
+. Ta dívka je šťastná.
+. Ti chlapci jsou vysocí.
+. Ten dům je krásný.
+. Ty jablka jsou čerstvá.
+. To město je slavné.
+''Explanation'': Translations focused on correctly identifying the gender of nouns for the appropriate demonstrative pronoun.
+=== Exercise 4 Solution ===
+- b
+- c
+- a
+- b
+''Explanation'': Correctly selected demonstrative pronouns based on the gender of the nouns.
+=== Exercise 5 Solution ===
+. Ten dům je velký.
+. Ta kniha je zajímavá.
+. To jídlo je chutné.
+. Ti studenti jsou chytří.
+. Ty ženy jsou krásné.
+''Explanation'': Created sentences using the given prompts with correct demonstrative pronouns.
+=== Exercise 6 Solution ===
+. False
+. False
+. True
+. True
+. True
+''Explanation'': Evaluated the correctness of statements about demonstrative pronouns.
+=== Exercise 7 Solution ===
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Gender !! Singular !! Plural
+|-
+| Masculine || ten || ti
+|-
+| Feminine || ta || ty
+|-
+| Neuter || to || ta
+|}
+''Explanation'': Filled the table with correct forms of demonstrative pronouns based on gender and number.
+=== Exercise 8 Solution ===
+. Ten
+. Ta
+. To
+. Ti
+. Ty
+''Explanation'': Identified demonstrative pronouns from the sentences provided.
+=== Exercise 9 Solution ===
+(Students' sentences will vary; encourage creativity and context.)
+''Explanation'': Focused on using demonstrative pronouns in specific contexts to enhance understanding.
+=== Exercise 10 Solution ===
+. Ten dům je malý.
+. To auto je staré.
+. Ty ženy jsou šťastné.
+. Ti muži jsou zde.
+. To jídlo je dobré.
+''Explanation'': Corrected mistakes based on the proper usage of demonstrative pronouns.
+By now, you have a clearer understanding of demonstrative pronouns in Czech! Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these pronouns in your conversations and writing.
-<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Gender-of-nouns|Gender of nouns]] & [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Plural|Plural]].</span>
 {{#seo:
-|title=Czech Grammar: Learn Demonstrative Pronouns | Learn Czech
-|keywords=Czech grammar, Czech language, Czech course, learn Czech, demonstrative pronouns
+|title=Czech Grammar: Understanding Demonstrative Pronouns
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn about demonstrative pronouns in Czech and how to use them to point out objects or people.
+|keywords=Czech demonstrative pronouns, learn Czech, Czech language for beginners, Czech grammar, language learning
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Czech demonstrative pronouns, their usage, and practice exercises to enhance your understanding. Perfect for beginners!
 }}
-{{Czech-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+{{Template:Czech-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 [[Category:Course]]
@@ Line 100: / Line 503: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Czech-0-to-A1-Course]]
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Czech_Language/Pronouns Czech Language/Pronouns - Wikiversity]
+* [https://www.locallingo.com/czech/grammar/pronouns.html Czech pronouns - personal, demonstrative, possessive]
+* [https://duolingo.fandom.com/wiki/Czech_Skill:Demonstratives Czech Skill:Demonstratives | Duolingo Wiki | Fandom]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_declension Czech declension - Wikipedia]
 ==Other Lessons==
@@ Line 112: / Line 525: @@
 * [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Consonants|Consonants]]
 * [[Language/Czech/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
 {{Czech-Page-Bottom}}
-<span links></span>
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Czech/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Czech/Grammar/Possessive-Pronouns|Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>