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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives: Declension → Verbs: Reflexive Verbs</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs: Reflexive Verbs</div>


== Introduction ==
Welcome to our lesson on '''Reflexive Verbs''' in Serbian! Understanding reflexive verbs is essential for mastering the nuances of the Serbian language. Reflexive verbs are verbs whose action reflects back upon the subject. In simpler terms, when someone does something to themselves, we use a reflexive verb. This aspect of grammar may seem a bit tricky at first, especially for English speakers, but with a bit of practice, you'll find it quite intuitive!


Welcome to the lesson on reflexive verbs in Serbian! In this lesson, we will explore the concept of reflexive verbs and how they are used in the Serbian language. Understanding reflexive verbs is crucial for developing your language skills and becoming proficient in Serbian. We will start by explaining what reflexive verbs are and how they work, and then we will delve into the different forms and conjugations of reflexive verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using reflexive verbs in your conversations and written expressions. So let's get started!
In this lesson, we will cover the following:
 
1. '''Definition of Reflexive Verbs'''
 
2. '''Formation of Reflexive Verbs in Serbian'''
 
3. '''Common Reflexive Verbs with Examples'''
 
4. '''Usage of Reflexive Verbs in Sentences'''
 
5. '''Exercises to Practice Reflexive Verbs'''
 
By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of reflexive verbs in Serbian, and you will be able to use them in your speaking and writing. Let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== What are Reflexive Verbs? ==
== Definition of Reflexive Verbs ==
 
Reflexive verbs are those that express an action performed by the subject on itself. In Serbian, these verbs are often accompanied by reflexive pronouns. The reflexive pronoun "se" (or its forms, depending on the grammatical case) indicates that the subject is also the object of the action.
 
For example, the verb "prati" (to wash) becomes "prati se" (to wash oneself).
 
== Formation of Reflexive Verbs in Serbian ==
 
In Serbian, reflexive verbs are typically formed by adding the reflexive pronoun "se" to the base form of the verb. Here’s a simple breakdown of how this works:
 
* '''Base Verb''' + '''Reflexive Pronoun (se)'''
 
For example:
 
* "gledati" (to watch) becomes "gledati se" (to watch oneself).
 
Here are some examples of how reflexive verbs are formed:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| prati se  || prah-tee seh || to wash oneself
 
|-
 
| oblačiti se  || ob-lah-chee-tee seh || to dress oneself


Reflexive verbs are a special category of verbs that indicate that the subject of the verb is also the object of the action. In other words, when we use reflexive verbs, the subject is performing the action on themselves. This adds a reflexive or reflective meaning to the verb.
|-


In Serbian, reflexive verbs are formed by adding the reflexive pronoun "sebe" or its different forms to the verb. The reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject in terms of gender and number. For example:
| smejati se  || smeh-yah-tee seh || to laugh


* "Ja se umivam." (I wash myself.)
|-
* "Ti se budiš." (You wake up.)
* "Ona se oblači." (She is getting dressed.)
* "Mi se pravimo." (We pretend.)
* "Vi se smejete." (You laugh.)
* "Oni se zovu." (They are called.)


As you can see from these examples, the reflexive pronoun "se" or its different forms are attached to the verb to indicate that the subject is performing the action on themselves.
| igrati se || ee-grah-tee seh || to play


== Reflexive Pronouns ==
|-


In Serbian, reflexive pronouns are used to indicate that the subject of the verb is also the object of the action. Let's take a closer look at the reflexive pronouns and their different forms:
| brijati se  || bree-yah-tee seh || to shave oneself
 
|}
 
== Common Reflexive Verbs with Examples ==
 
Now, let’s explore 20 common reflexive verbs in Serbian along with their meanings and example sentences:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Pronoun !! Singular !! Plural
 
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Ja (I) || sebe || sebe
 
| smejati se || smeh-yah-tee seh || to laugh
 
|-
 
| oblačiti se || ob-lah-chee-tee seh || to dress oneself
 
|-
|-
| Ti (You) || sebe || sebe
 
| brijati se || bree-yah-tee seh || to shave oneself
 
|-
|-
| On/Ona/Ono (He/She/It) || sebe || sebe
 
| kupati se || koo-pah-tee seh || to bathe oneself
 
|-
|-
| Mi (We) || sebe || sebe
 
| odmarati se || od-mah-rah-tee seh || to rest
 
|-
|-
| Vi (You) || sebe || sebe
 
| igrati se || ee-grah-tee seh || to play
 
|-
|-
| Oni/One/Ona (They) || sebe || sebe
|}


As you can see from the table, the reflexive pronoun "sebe" is used for both singular and plural subjects. It is important to note that the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject in terms of gender and number.
| sećati se || seh-chah-tee seh || to remember


== Conjugating Reflexive Verbs ==
|-


To conjugate reflexive verbs in Serbian, we need to attach the reflexive pronoun to the verb. Let's take a look at the conjugation of the reflexive verb "umivati se" (to wash oneself) in the present tense:
| čuditi se || choo-dee-tee seh || to be surprised


{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
|-
|-
| Ja (I) || umivam se
 
| ljutiti se || lyoo-tee-tee seh || to get angry
 
|-
|-
| Ti (You) || umivaš se
 
| smejati se || smeh-yah-tee seh || to laugh
 
|-
|-
| On/Ona/Ono (He/She/It) || umiva se
 
| kretati se || kre-tah-tee seh || to move
 
|-
|-
| Mi (We) || umivamo se
 
| posvetiti se || pos-ve-tee-tee seh || to dedicate oneself
 
|-
|-
| Vi (You) || umivate se
 
| brinuti se || bree-noo-tee seh || to worry
 
|-
|-
| Oni/One/Ona (They) || umivaju se
|}


In the present tense, the reflexive pronoun "se" is attached to the verb "umivati" to form the reflexive verb "umivati se". Notice how the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject in terms of gender and number.
| truditi se || troo-dee-tee seh || to try hard


Now let's take a look at the conjugation of the reflexive verb "buditi se" (to wake up) in the past tense:
|-
 
| nalaziti se || nah-lah-zee-tee seh || to find oneself


{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
|-
|-
| Ja (I) || budio/budila sam se
 
| viđati se || vee-jah-tee seh || to see each other
 
|-
|-
| Ti (You) || budio/budila si se
 
| obazirati se || ob-ah-zee-rah-tee seh || to be cautious
 
|-
|-
| On/Ona/Ono (He/She/It) || budio/budila se
 
| smejati se || smeh-yah-tee seh || to laugh
 
|-
|-
| Mi (We) || budili/budile smo se
 
| zamerati se || zah-meh-rah-tee seh || to hold a grudge
 
|-
|-
| Vi (You) || budili/budile ste se
 
| šminkati se || shmeen-kah-tee seh || to put on makeup
 
|-
|-
| Oni/One/Ona (They) || budili/budile su se
 
| veseliti se || veh-seh-lee-tee seh || to be happy
 
|}
|}


In the past tense, the reflexive pronoun "se" is attached to the past participle of the verb "buditi" to form the reflexive verb "buditi se". Again, notice how the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject in terms of gender and number.
== Usage of Reflexive Verbs in Sentences ==


== Cultural Insights ==
Reflexive verbs can be used in various contexts. Below are some examples of how to use reflexive verbs in complete sentences:


In Serbian culture, the use of reflexive verbs is quite common in everyday conversations. People use reflexive verbs to express actions that are performed on oneself, such as washing oneself, getting dressed, or waking up. It is considered polite and respectful to use reflexive verbs when talking about personal hygiene or daily routines.
1. '''Ja se smejem.''' (I laugh.)


Additionally, reflexive verbs are often used in idiomatic expressions and proverbs in Serbian. For example, the expression "praviti se lud" (to pretend to be crazy) is formed by the reflexive verb "praviti se" (to pretend) and the noun "lud" (crazy). This expression is used to describe someone who is pretending not to know or understand something.
2. '''Ona se oblači.''' (She is dressing herself.)


== Practice Exercises ==
3. '''On se brije svaki dan.''' (He shaves himself every day.)


Now it's time to practice using reflexive verbs in Serbian! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding:
4. '''Mi se igramo u parku.''' (We are playing in the park.)


Exercise 1: Conjugate the reflexive verb "oblačiti se" (to get dressed) in the present tense for the given subjects.
5. '''Ti se sećaš tog trenutka.''' (You remember that moment.)


* Ja (I) -
6. '''Oni se čude novoj situaciji.''' (They are surprised by the new situation.)
* Ti (You) -
* Ona (She) -
* Mi (We) -
* Vi (You) -
* Oni (They) -


Solution:
7. '''Ja se odmaram posle posla.''' (I rest after work.)
* Ja (I) - oblačim se
* Ti (You) - oblačiš se
* Ona (She) - oblači se
* Mi (We) - oblačimo se
* Vi (You) - oblačite se
* Oni (They) - oblače se


Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronoun.
8. '''Ona se trudi da uči.''' (She is trying hard to study.)


* "Ja ____ zovem Marko."
9. '''Mi se nalazimo kod kuće.''' (We find ourselves at home.)
* "Ti ____ smeješ."
* "Ona ____ budi rano."
* "Mi ____ pravimo za rođendan."
* "Vi ____ umivate pre spavanja."
* "Oni ____ zovu na večeru."


Solution:
10. '''Ti se ljutiš bez razloga.''' (You are getting angry for no reason.)
* "Ja se zovem Marko."
* "Ti se smeješ."
* "Ona se budi rano."
* "Mi se pravimo za rođendan."
* "Vi se umivate pre spavanja."
* "Oni se zovu na večeru."


== Conclusion ==
These examples illustrate how reflexive verbs are used in everyday conversations. They often describe actions related to self-care, emotions, and social interactions.


Congratulations! You have successfully learned about reflexive verbs in Serbian. You now understand what reflexive verbs are, how to conjugate them, and their cultural significance. Reflexive verbs are an important aspect of Serbian grammar and will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively. Keep practicing and incorporating reflexive verbs into your conversations to further improve your Serbian language skills. Good luck!
== Exercises to Practice Reflexive Verbs ==
 
To reinforce your understanding of reflexive verbs, here are 10 exercises. Try to complete each one, and then check the solutions provided below.
 
=== Exercise 1 ===
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive verb form:
 
1. Ja se _______ (smejati).
 
2. Ona se _______ (kupati).
 
3. Mi se _______ (oblačiti).
 
4. Oni se _______ (igrati).
 
=== Exercise 2 ===
 
Translate the sentences into Serbian:
 
1. I am resting.
 
2. She is playing.
 
3. They are laughing.
 
4. We are dressing ourselves.
 
=== Exercise 3 ===
 
Match the reflexive verbs with their English translations:
 
1. brijati se
 
2. igrati se
 
3. odmarati se
 
4. sećati se
 
a. to remember 
 
b. to shave oneself 
 
c. to play 
 
d. to rest 
 
=== Exercise 4 ===
 
Conjugate the following reflexive verbs in the first person singular:
 
1. kupati se
 
2. brinuti se
 
=== Exercise 5 ===
 
Write a short paragraph about your daily routine using at least five reflexive verbs.
 
=== Exercise 6 ===
 
Choose the correct reflexive pronoun for each sentence:
 
1. Ja _______ (se, te) smejem.
 
2. Ti _______ (se, me) oblačiš.
 
3. Oni _______ (se, mu) brinu.
 
=== Exercise 7 ===
 
Identify the reflexive verbs in the following sentences:
 
1. Ona se smeje svaki put kada ga vidi.
 
2. Mi se nalazimo u kafiću.
 
=== Exercise 8 ===
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the reflexive verb in parentheses:
 
1. Oni se _______ (ljutiti) zbog toga.
 
2. Ja se _______ (truditi) da učim srpski.
 
=== Exercise 9 ===
 
Create your own sentences using these reflexive verbs:
 
1. čuditi se
 
2. viđati se
 
=== Exercise 10 ===
 
Translate the following sentences into English:
 
1. Ja se brijem.
 
2. Ona se veseli.
 
== Solutions to Exercises ==
 
=== Exercise 1 ===
 
1. Ja se smejem. (I laugh.)
 
2. Ona se kupati. (She is bathing.)
 
3. Mi se oblačimo. (We are dressing ourselves.)
 
4. Oni se igraju. (They are playing.)
 
=== Exercise 2 ===
 
1. Ja se odmaram.
 
2. Ona se igra.
 
3. Oni se smeju.
 
4. Mi se oblačimo.
 
=== Exercise 3 ===
 
1 - b (b)
 
2 - c (c)
 
3 - d (d)
 
4 - a (a)
 
=== Exercise 4 ===
 
1. Ja se kupam.
 
2. Ja se brinem.
 
=== Exercise 5 ===
 
(Example answer may vary)
 
=== Exercise 6 ===
 
1. Ja se smejem.
 
2. Ti se oblačiš.
 
3. Oni se brinu.
 
=== Exercise 7 ===
 
1. smeje, vidi
 
2. nalazimo
 
=== Exercise 8 ===
 
1. Oni se ljute zbog toga.
 
2. Ja se trudim da učim srpski.
 
=== Exercise 9 ===
 
(Example answers may vary)
 
=== Exercise 10 ===
 
1. I am shaving.
 
2. She is happy.
 
Congratulations! You’ve just completed the lesson on reflexive verbs in Serbian. Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in your conversations, and soon they will become second nature to you.


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|title=Serbian Grammar → Adjectives: Declension → Verbs: Reflexive Verbs
 
|keywords=Serbian grammar, reflexive verbs, Serbian language, conjugation, reflexive pronouns
|title=Learn Reflexive Verbs in Serbian
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about reflexive verbs in Serbian, including their conjugation and usage. Explore the cultural significance of reflexive verbs in Serbian culture and practice with interactive exercises.
 
|keywords=Serbian, reflexive verbs, Serbian grammar, learn Serbian, language learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about reflexive verbs in Serbian, how to form them, and how to use them in sentences with exercises and solutions.
 
}}
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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 02:00, 1 August 2024

◀️ Verbs: Perfective and Imperfective — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Places around Town ▶️

Serbian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Serbian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs: Reflexive Verbs

Welcome to our lesson on Reflexive Verbs in Serbian! Understanding reflexive verbs is essential for mastering the nuances of the Serbian language. Reflexive verbs are verbs whose action reflects back upon the subject. In simpler terms, when someone does something to themselves, we use a reflexive verb. This aspect of grammar may seem a bit tricky at first, especially for English speakers, but with a bit of practice, you'll find it quite intuitive!

In this lesson, we will cover the following:

1. Definition of Reflexive Verbs

2. Formation of Reflexive Verbs in Serbian

3. Common Reflexive Verbs with Examples

4. Usage of Reflexive Verbs in Sentences

5. Exercises to Practice Reflexive Verbs

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of reflexive verbs in Serbian, and you will be able to use them in your speaking and writing. Let's dive in!

Definition of Reflexive Verbs[edit | edit source]

Reflexive verbs are those that express an action performed by the subject on itself. In Serbian, these verbs are often accompanied by reflexive pronouns. The reflexive pronoun "se" (or its forms, depending on the grammatical case) indicates that the subject is also the object of the action.

For example, the verb "prati" (to wash) becomes "prati se" (to wash oneself).

Formation of Reflexive Verbs in Serbian[edit | edit source]

In Serbian, reflexive verbs are typically formed by adding the reflexive pronoun "se" to the base form of the verb. Here’s a simple breakdown of how this works:

  • Base Verb + Reflexive Pronoun (se)

For example:

  • "gledati" (to watch) becomes "gledati se" (to watch oneself).

Here are some examples of how reflexive verbs are formed:

Serbian Pronunciation English
prati se prah-tee seh to wash oneself
oblačiti se ob-lah-chee-tee seh to dress oneself
smejati se smeh-yah-tee seh to laugh
igrati se ee-grah-tee seh to play
brijati se bree-yah-tee seh to shave oneself

Common Reflexive Verbs with Examples[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s explore 20 common reflexive verbs in Serbian along with their meanings and example sentences:

Serbian Pronunciation English
smejati se smeh-yah-tee seh to laugh
oblačiti se ob-lah-chee-tee seh to dress oneself
brijati se bree-yah-tee seh to shave oneself
kupati se koo-pah-tee seh to bathe oneself
odmarati se od-mah-rah-tee seh to rest
igrati se ee-grah-tee seh to play
sećati se seh-chah-tee seh to remember
čuditi se choo-dee-tee seh to be surprised
ljutiti se lyoo-tee-tee seh to get angry
smejati se smeh-yah-tee seh to laugh
kretati se kre-tah-tee seh to move
posvetiti se pos-ve-tee-tee seh to dedicate oneself
brinuti se bree-noo-tee seh to worry
truditi se troo-dee-tee seh to try hard
nalaziti se nah-lah-zee-tee seh to find oneself
viđati se vee-jah-tee seh to see each other
obazirati se ob-ah-zee-rah-tee seh to be cautious
smejati se smeh-yah-tee seh to laugh
zamerati se zah-meh-rah-tee seh to hold a grudge
šminkati se shmeen-kah-tee seh to put on makeup
veseliti se veh-seh-lee-tee seh to be happy

Usage of Reflexive Verbs in Sentences[edit | edit source]

Reflexive verbs can be used in various contexts. Below are some examples of how to use reflexive verbs in complete sentences:

1. Ja se smejem. (I laugh.)

2. Ona se oblači. (She is dressing herself.)

3. On se brije svaki dan. (He shaves himself every day.)

4. Mi se igramo u parku. (We are playing in the park.)

5. Ti se sećaš tog trenutka. (You remember that moment.)

6. Oni se čude novoj situaciji. (They are surprised by the new situation.)

7. Ja se odmaram posle posla. (I rest after work.)

8. Ona se trudi da uči. (She is trying hard to study.)

9. Mi se nalazimo kod kuće. (We find ourselves at home.)

10. Ti se ljutiš bez razloga. (You are getting angry for no reason.)

These examples illustrate how reflexive verbs are used in everyday conversations. They often describe actions related to self-care, emotions, and social interactions.

Exercises to Practice Reflexive Verbs[edit | edit source]

To reinforce your understanding of reflexive verbs, here are 10 exercises. Try to complete each one, and then check the solutions provided below.

Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive verb form:

1. Ja se _______ (smejati).

2. Ona se _______ (kupati).

3. Mi se _______ (oblačiti).

4. Oni se _______ (igrati).

Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

Translate the sentences into Serbian:

1. I am resting.

2. She is playing.

3. They are laughing.

4. We are dressing ourselves.

Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

Match the reflexive verbs with their English translations:

1. brijati se

2. igrati se

3. odmarati se

4. sećati se

a. to remember

b. to shave oneself

c. to play

d. to rest

Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following reflexive verbs in the first person singular:

1. kupati se

2. brinuti se

Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph about your daily routine using at least five reflexive verbs.

Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct reflexive pronoun for each sentence:

1. Ja _______ (se, te) smejem.

2. Ti _______ (se, me) oblačiš.

3. Oni _______ (se, mu) brinu.

Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

Identify the reflexive verbs in the following sentences:

1. Ona se smeje svaki put kada ga vidi.

2. Mi se nalazimo u kafiću.

Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the reflexive verb in parentheses:

1. Oni se _______ (ljutiti) zbog toga.

2. Ja se _______ (truditi) da učim srpski.

Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

Create your own sentences using these reflexive verbs:

1. čuditi se

2. viđati se

Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Ja se brijem.

2. Ona se veseli.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Ja se smejem. (I laugh.)

2. Ona se kupati. (She is bathing.)

3. Mi se oblačimo. (We are dressing ourselves.)

4. Oni se igraju. (They are playing.)

Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Ja se odmaram.

2. Ona se igra.

3. Oni se smeju.

4. Mi se oblačimo.

Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1 - b (b)

2 - c (c)

3 - d (d)

4 - a (a)

Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Ja se kupam.

2. Ja se brinem.

Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

(Example answer may vary)

Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

1. Ja se smejem.

2. Ti se oblačiš.

3. Oni se brinu.

Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

1. smeje, vidi

2. nalazimo

Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. Oni se ljute zbog toga.

2. Ja se trudim da učim srpski.

Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

(Example answers may vary)

Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

1. I am shaving.

2. She is happy.

Congratulations! You’ve just completed the lesson on reflexive verbs in Serbian. Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in your conversations, and soon they will become second nature to you.

Table of Contents - Serbian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Serbian Grammar


Introduction to Serbian Vocabulary


Introduction to Serbian Culture


Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns


Shopping


Sports and Recreation


Adjectives: Declension


Jobs and Professions


Literature and Poetry


Verbs: Conditional


Entertainment and Media


Art and Artists

Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Verbs: Perfective and Imperfective — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Places around Town ▶️

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