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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/North-azerbaijani|North Azerbaijani]]  → [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/North-azerbaijani|North Azerbaijani]]  → [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
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As a North Azerbaijani language teacher, I am happy to guide you through the fascinating world of Azerbaijani grammar. In this lesson, we will be learning about the present tense in North Azerbaijani, including how to form and use regular and irregular verbs.
== Introduction ==
Welcome to the lesson on the present tense in North Azerbaijani! The present tense is a fundamental aspect of the language and is used to express actions happening in the current moment, habitual actions, and general truths. In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani, including regular and irregular verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the present tense in various contexts.  


First, let's start with some cultural information about the Azerbaijani language.
== Forming the Present Tense ==
In North Azerbaijani, the present tense is formed by combining the verb stem with different personal endings. The personal endings vary depending on the subject of the sentence, indicating who is performing the action. Let's take a look at how to form the present tense for regular verbs:


Azerbaijani is the official language of Azerbaijan, spoken by approximately 92% of the population. It is also spoken in Iran, Russia, and Georgia. Azerbaijani has two main dialects, North Azerbaijani and South Azerbaijani, with North Azerbaijani being spoken in Azerbaijan and Russia, and South Azerbaijani being spoken in Iran.  
=== Regular Verbs ===
Regular verbs in North Azerbaijani follow a predictable pattern when conjugated in the present tense. The verb stem remains the same, and the personal endings are added to it. The personal endings for regular verbs are as follows:


Azerbaijani belongs to the Turkic language family, which also includes Turkish, Uzbek, Kazakh, and Kyrgyz. It has a unique grammar and phonology system, so it may take some time to get used to. However, don't let this discourage you! Learning a new language is always a rewarding experience.
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Personal Ending
|-
| I (singular) || -am
|-
| You (singular, informal) || -san
|-
| He/She/It || -dir
|-
| We || -ıq
|-
| You (plural) || -sız
|-
| They || -lar
|}


Now, let's dive into the present tense in North Azerbaijani.
To form the present tense, simply take the verb stem and add the appropriate personal ending. Let's see some examples:


* To eat: yemək
{| class="wikitable"
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Mən yeyirəm || men yeyirəm || I eat
|-
| Sən yeyirəsən || sen yeyirsən || You eat
|-
| O yeyir || o yeyir || He/She/It eats
|-
| Biz yeyirik || biz yeyirik || We eat
|-
| Siz yeyirsiz || siz yeyirsiz || You eat
|-
| Onlar yeyirlər || onlar yeyirlər || They eat
|}


<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] & [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
* To drink: içmək
== Forming the Present Tense ==
 
The present tense in North Azerbaijani is formed by adding the suffixes "-mir", "-sin", "-dir", "-ik", "-siniz", and "-dirlər" to the verb stem. The verb stem is the part of the verb that does not change, and it is usually the infinitive without the suffix "-maq". Here is an example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| açmaq (to open) || atchmak || to open
| Mən içirəm || men içirəm || I drink
|-
| Sən içirəsən || sen içirsən || You drink
|-
| O içir || o içir || He/She/It drinks
|-
| Biz içirik || biz içirik || We drink
|-
| Siz içirsiz || siz içirsiz || You drink
|-
| Onlar içirlər || onlar içirlər || They drink
|}
|}


To form the present tense of this verb, we remove the "-maq" suffix to get the verb stem "aç", and then add the appropriate present tense suffix based on the subject. For example:
As you can see, the verb stem remains the same, and the personal endings are added to it. This pattern applies to most regular verbs in North Azerbaijani. However, there are some irregular verbs that have different conjugations in the present tense.


=== Irregular Verbs ===
Irregular verbs in North Azerbaijani do not follow the same pattern as regular verbs in the present tense. They have unique conjugations that need to be memorized. Let's look at some examples:
* To go: getmək
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mən açıram || men atchiram || I open
| Mən gedirəm || men gedirəm || I go
|-
|-
| Sən açırsan || sen atchirsin || You open (singular)
| Sən gedirəsən || sen gedirsən || You go
|-
|-
| O açır || o atchir || He/She/It opens
| O gedir || o gedir || He/She/It goes
|-
|-
| Biz açırıq || biz atchiriq || We open
| Biz gedirik || biz gedirik || We go
|-
|-
| Siz açırsınız || siz atchirsiniz || You open (plural)
| Siz gedirsiniz || siz gedirsiniz || You go
|-
|-
| Onlar açırlar || onlar atchirlər || They open
| Onlar gedirlər || onlar gedirlər || They go
|}
|}


As you can see, the verb stem "aç" remains the same, and we simply add the appropriate present tense suffix based on the subject of the sentence.
* To come: gəlmək
 
Note that for some verbs, such as those ending in "-gelmək" (to come) or "-getmək" (to bring), the present tense suffixes may attach to the "-l" of the stem instead of the stem itself. For example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| gəlmək (to come) || gellmek || to come
| Mən gəlirəm || men gəlirəm || I come
|-
| Sən gəlirəsən || sen gəlirsən || You come
|-
|-
| Biz gəlirik || biz gellirik || We come
| O gəlir || o gəlir || He/She/It comes
|-
| Biz gəlirik || biz gəlirik || We come
|-
| Siz gəlirsiniz || siz gəlirsiniz || You come
|-
| Onlar gəlirlər || onlar gəlirlər || They come
|}
|}
As you can see, irregular verbs have unique conjugations that differ from regular verbs. It's essential to memorize these conjugations to use irregular verbs correctly in the present tense.


== Using the Present Tense ==
== Using the Present Tense ==
Now that we know how to form the present tense, let's explore how to use it in different contexts in North Azerbaijani.


Now that we know how to form the present tense, let's look at how to use it in sentences. The present tense is commonly used to describe actions that are happening now, habitual actions, and general truths.  
=== Present Actions ===
The present tense is used to express actions happening at the current moment. For example:


Here are some examples:
* Mən kitab oxuyuram. (I am reading a book.)
* O məktəbə gedir. (He is going to school.)
* Biz işləyirik. (We are working.)


- Mən evdəyəm. (I am at home.)
In these examples, the present tense is used to describe actions that are currently taking place.
- Siz hər gün kitab oxuyursunuz. (You read a book every day.)
- Güneş doğur. (The sun rises.)


In the first sentence, the present tense is used to describe the speaker's current location. In the second sentence, the present tense is used to describe a habitual action (reading a book every day). In the third sentence, the present tense is used to express a general truth (the sun always rises).  
=== Habitual Actions ===
The present tense is also used to express habitual actions or routines. For example:


It is important to note that in North Azerbaijani, there is no separate present continuous tense like in English ("I am reading"). Instead, the present tense can be used to describe actions that are happening now as well as habitual actions.  
* Sən hər gün idman edirsən. (You exercise every day.)
* Onlar televiziyon seyr edirlər. (They watch television.)
* Biz həmişə səhər yemək yeyirik. (We always eat breakfast in the morning.)


== Regular and Irregular Verbs ==
In these examples, the present tense is used to indicate actions that happen regularly or as part of a routine.


In North Azerbaijani, there are regular and irregular verbs, just like in English. Regular verbs follow a predictable pattern when forming the present tense, while irregular verbs do not.  
=== General Truths ===
The present tense can also be used to express general truths or facts. For example:


Let's take a look at some examples:
* Dünya dairədir. (The Earth is round.)
* Su 100 dərəcədə qaynayır. (Water boils at 100 degrees.)
* Qara gözlərə heç zaman güvənməmək lazımdır. (Never trust black eyes.)


=== Regular Verbs ===
In these examples, the present tense is used to state facts that are generally true.
 
Regular verbs in North Azerbaijani are those that follow the standard "-mir", "-sin", "-dir", "-ik", "-siniz", and "-dirlər" pattern. Here are some examples of present tense regular verbs:


{| class="wikitable"
== Cultural Insights ==
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
North Azerbaijani is spoken mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan, where it is the official language. It is also spoken in parts of Iran and Turkey. The present tense is an essential aspect of everyday communication in North Azerbaijani, allowing speakers to express themselves in various contexts. Understanding the present tense is crucial for engaging in conversations, forming sentences, and expressing thoughts and opinions.
|-
| yoxlamaq (to check) || yoxlamak || to check
|-
| Mən yoxlayıram || men yoxlayiram || I check
|-
| Siz yoxlayırsınız || siz yoxlayirsiniz || You check (plural)
|}


=== Irregular Verbs ===
In North Azerbaijani culture, the present tense is used to describe current actions, routines, and general truths. It is common to use the present tense when talking about daily activities, such as going to work, eating meals, or spending time with family and friends. By learning how to use the present tense correctly, you will be able to communicate more effectively in North Azerbaijani and connect with native speakers on a deeper level.


Irregular verbs in North Azerbaijani are those that do not follow the standard "-mir", "-sin", "-dir", "-ik", "-siniz", and "-dirlər" pattern. Some of the most common irregular verbs in North Azerbaijani include:
== Practice Exercises ==
To reinforce your understanding of the present tense in North Azerbaijani, here are some practice exercises for you to try. Translate the given sentences into North Azerbaijani using the present tense. Solutions and explanations are provided below.


- Bilmək (to know)
1. I eat breakfast every morning.
- Görmək (to see)
2. She watches movies on weekends.
- Olmaq (to be)
3. We go to the park in the evening.
4. They study at the university.
5. Do you speak English?


Here are some examples of present tense irregular verbs:
=== Solutions ===
1. Mən hər sabah səhər yemək yeyirəm.
2. O həftəsonları filmlər seyr edir.
3. Biz axşam parka gedirik.
4. Onlar universitetdə oxuyurlar.
5. Siz ingilis dili danışırsınızmı?


{| class="wikitable"
=== Explanations ===
! North Azerbaijani !! Pronunciation !! English
1. In this sentence, the subject is "I" (Mən), and the verb "eat" (yemək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-am." The phrase "every morning" is expressed as "hər sabah."
|-
| bilmək (to know) || bilmek || to know
|-
| Mən bilirəm || men bilirem || I know
|-
| Siz bilirsiniz || siz bilirsiniz || You know (plural)
|-
| görmək (to see) || gormek || to see
|-
| O görür || o gorur || He/She/It sees
|-
| Biz görərik || biz gorerik || We see
|-
| olmaq (to be) || olmak || to be
|-
| Siz olduğuz || siz olduguz || You are (plural)
|}


As you can see, irregular verbs have unique present tense forms that do not follow the standard pattern. It is important to memorize these irregular verbs as they are commonly used in everyday conversation.
2. In this sentence, the subject is "She" (O), and the verb "watch" (seyr etmək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-dir." The phrase "on weekends" is expressed as "həftəsonları."


== Conclusion ==
3. In this sentence, the subject is "We" (Biz), and the verb "go" (getmək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-ik." The phrase "in the evening" is expressed as "axşam."


In conclusion, the present tense in North Azerbaijani is formed by adding the appropriate suffix to the verb stem, which is usually the infinitive without the "-maq" suffix. The present tense is commonly used to describe actions that are happening now, habitual actions, and general truths. There are regular and irregular verbs in North Azerbaijani, and it is important to memorize the present tense forms of both.
4. In this sentence, the subject is "They" (Onlar), and the verb "study" (oxumaq) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-lar." The phrase "at the university" is expressed as "universitetdə."


I hope you found this lesson helpful in your North Azerbaijani language learning journey. Keep practicing and don't give up! If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to me.  
5. In this sentence, the subject is "You" (Siz), and the verb "speak" (danışmaq) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-sınızmı." The phrase "English" is expressed as "ingilis dili." The question word "Do" is not explicitly translated in North Azerbaijani.


== Conclusion ==
Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani. In this lesson, we explored the formation of the present tense for both regular and irregular verbs. We also discussed the different uses of the present tense, including present actions, habitual actions, and general truths. By practicing the exercises and applying what you have learned, you will become more confident in using the present tense in everyday conversations. Keep up the excellent work and continue your journey towards mastering North Azerbaijani!


<span link>Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]] & [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
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|title=North Azerbaijani Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense
|keywords=North Azerbaijani, Azerbaijani language, present tense, irregular verbs, regular verbs
|keywords=North Azerbaijani grammar, verbs, tenses, present tense, North Azerbaijani verbs, North Azerbaijani tenses
|description=In this lesson, learn how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani, including regular and irregular verbs. Includes cultural information and interesting facts about the Azerbaijani language.
|description=Learn how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani, including regular and irregular verbs. This lesson provides comprehensive explanations, numerous examples, and practice exercises.
}}
}}


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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]


{{North-azerbaijani-Page-Bottom}}
{{North-azerbaijani-Page-Bottom}}
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<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
 
|[[Language/North-azerbaijani/Vocabulary/Relationships|◀️ Relationships — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/North-azerbaijani/Grammar/Past-Tense|Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 22:49, 7 April 2024

◀️ Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

C6AA0327-73B6-41D7-9A3B-2EAA72BF9DF2.png
North Azerbaijani → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on the present tense in North Azerbaijani! The present tense is a fundamental aspect of the language and is used to express actions happening in the current moment, habitual actions, and general truths. In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani, including regular and irregular verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the present tense in various contexts.

Forming the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

In North Azerbaijani, the present tense is formed by combining the verb stem with different personal endings. The personal endings vary depending on the subject of the sentence, indicating who is performing the action. Let's take a look at how to form the present tense for regular verbs:

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in North Azerbaijani follow a predictable pattern when conjugated in the present tense. The verb stem remains the same, and the personal endings are added to it. The personal endings for regular verbs are as follows:

Person Personal Ending
I (singular) -am
You (singular, informal) -san
He/She/It -dir
We -ıq
You (plural) -sız
They -lar

To form the present tense, simply take the verb stem and add the appropriate personal ending. Let's see some examples:

  • To eat: yemək
North Azerbaijani Pronunciation English
Mən yeyirəm men yeyirəm I eat
Sən yeyirəsən sen yeyirsən You eat
O yeyir o yeyir He/She/It eats
Biz yeyirik biz yeyirik We eat
Siz yeyirsiz siz yeyirsiz You eat
Onlar yeyirlər onlar yeyirlər They eat
  • To drink: içmək
North Azerbaijani Pronunciation English
Mən içirəm men içirəm I drink
Sən içirəsən sen içirsən You drink
O içir o içir He/She/It drinks
Biz içirik biz içirik We drink
Siz içirsiz siz içirsiz You drink
Onlar içirlər onlar içirlər They drink

As you can see, the verb stem remains the same, and the personal endings are added to it. This pattern applies to most regular verbs in North Azerbaijani. However, there are some irregular verbs that have different conjugations in the present tense.

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs in North Azerbaijani do not follow the same pattern as regular verbs in the present tense. They have unique conjugations that need to be memorized. Let's look at some examples:

  • To go: getmək
North Azerbaijani Pronunciation English
Mən gedirəm men gedirəm I go
Sən gedirəsən sen gedirsən You go
O gedir o gedir He/She/It goes
Biz gedirik biz gedirik We go
Siz gedirsiniz siz gedirsiniz You go
Onlar gedirlər onlar gedirlər They go
  • To come: gəlmək
North Azerbaijani Pronunciation English
Mən gəlirəm men gəlirəm I come
Sən gəlirəsən sen gəlirsən You come
O gəlir o gəlir He/She/It comes
Biz gəlirik biz gəlirik We come
Siz gəlirsiniz siz gəlirsiniz You come
Onlar gəlirlər onlar gəlirlər They come

As you can see, irregular verbs have unique conjugations that differ from regular verbs. It's essential to memorize these conjugations to use irregular verbs correctly in the present tense.

Using the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

Now that we know how to form the present tense, let's explore how to use it in different contexts in North Azerbaijani.

Present Actions[edit | edit source]

The present tense is used to express actions happening at the current moment. For example:

  • Mən kitab oxuyuram. (I am reading a book.)
  • O məktəbə gedir. (He is going to school.)
  • Biz işləyirik. (We are working.)

In these examples, the present tense is used to describe actions that are currently taking place.

Habitual Actions[edit | edit source]

The present tense is also used to express habitual actions or routines. For example:

  • Sən hər gün idman edirsən. (You exercise every day.)
  • Onlar televiziyon seyr edirlər. (They watch television.)
  • Biz həmişə səhər yemək yeyirik. (We always eat breakfast in the morning.)

In these examples, the present tense is used to indicate actions that happen regularly or as part of a routine.

General Truths[edit | edit source]

The present tense can also be used to express general truths or facts. For example:

  • Dünya dairədir. (The Earth is round.)
  • Su 100 dərəcədə qaynayır. (Water boils at 100 degrees.)
  • Qara gözlərə heç zaman güvənməmək lazımdır. (Never trust black eyes.)

In these examples, the present tense is used to state facts that are generally true.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

North Azerbaijani is spoken mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan, where it is the official language. It is also spoken in parts of Iran and Turkey. The present tense is an essential aspect of everyday communication in North Azerbaijani, allowing speakers to express themselves in various contexts. Understanding the present tense is crucial for engaging in conversations, forming sentences, and expressing thoughts and opinions.

In North Azerbaijani culture, the present tense is used to describe current actions, routines, and general truths. It is common to use the present tense when talking about daily activities, such as going to work, eating meals, or spending time with family and friends. By learning how to use the present tense correctly, you will be able to communicate more effectively in North Azerbaijani and connect with native speakers on a deeper level.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To reinforce your understanding of the present tense in North Azerbaijani, here are some practice exercises for you to try. Translate the given sentences into North Azerbaijani using the present tense. Solutions and explanations are provided below.

1. I eat breakfast every morning. 2. She watches movies on weekends. 3. We go to the park in the evening. 4. They study at the university. 5. Do you speak English?

Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Mən hər sabah səhər yemək yeyirəm. 2. O həftəsonları filmlər seyr edir. 3. Biz axşam parka gedirik. 4. Onlar universitetdə oxuyurlar. 5. Siz ingilis dili danışırsınızmı?

Explanations[edit | edit source]

1. In this sentence, the subject is "I" (Mən), and the verb "eat" (yemək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-am." The phrase "every morning" is expressed as "hər sabah."

2. In this sentence, the subject is "She" (O), and the verb "watch" (seyr etmək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-dir." The phrase "on weekends" is expressed as "həftəsonları."

3. In this sentence, the subject is "We" (Biz), and the verb "go" (getmək) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-ik." The phrase "in the evening" is expressed as "axşam."

4. In this sentence, the subject is "They" (Onlar), and the verb "study" (oxumaq) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-lar." The phrase "at the university" is expressed as "universitetdə."

5. In this sentence, the subject is "You" (Siz), and the verb "speak" (danışmaq) is conjugated in the present tense with the personal ending "-sınızmı." The phrase "English" is expressed as "ingilis dili." The question word "Do" is not explicitly translated in North Azerbaijani.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form and use the present tense in North Azerbaijani. In this lesson, we explored the formation of the present tense for both regular and irregular verbs. We also discussed the different uses of the present tense, including present actions, habitual actions, and general truths. By practicing the exercises and applying what you have learned, you will become more confident in using the present tense in everyday conversations. Keep up the excellent work and continue your journey towards mastering North Azerbaijani!

Table of Contents - North Azerbaijani Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Questions and Negation


North Azerbaijani Culture



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


Template:North-azerbaijani-Page-Bottom

◀️ Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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