Difference between revisions of "Language/Tatar/Grammar/Present-Tense"

Latest revision as of 05:54, 22 June 2023

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

Tatar → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on the Tatar present tense! In this lesson, we will explore the conjugation of regular and irregular verbs in the present tense. The present tense is used to talk about current actions and states, making it an essential aspect of Tatar grammar. By mastering the present tense, you will be able to express yourself more fluently and accurately in everyday conversations.

This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Tatar Course" and is designed for complete beginners who have no prior knowledge of the Tatar language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the present tense and be able to use it confidently in your own speech and writing.

Now, let's dive into the fascinating world of Tatar verbs and tenses!

Conjugation of Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

In Tatar, regular verbs follow a predictable pattern of conjugation in the present tense. To conjugate a regular verb, we need to identify its stem and add the appropriate verb endings for each subject pronoun. Let's take a look at the conjugation of the regular verb "to speak" (söyle-):

Tatar	Pronunciation	English
сөйлә-мәгән	söylä-mägän	I speak
сөйлә-sәn	söylä-sän	you speak
сөйлә-r	söylä-r	he/she/it speaks
сөйлә-без	söylä-bez	we speak
сөйлә-гез	söylä-gez	you (plural) speak
сөйлә-ләр	söylä-lär	they speak

As you can see, the verb stem remains unchanged, and we simply add the appropriate endings (-мәгән, -sәn, -r, -без, -гез, -ләр) to indicate the subject pronouns. Practice conjugating regular verbs in the present tense with different subject pronouns to familiarize yourself with the patterns.

Conjugation of Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

While regular verbs follow a consistent conjugation pattern, irregular verbs in Tatar have unique conjugation forms in the present tense. These irregular verbs require memorization and practice to use correctly. Let's take a look at some common irregular verbs and their conjugations in the present tense.

1. The verb "to be" (бул-):

Tatar	Pronunciation	English
бул-магән	bul-mägän	I am
бул-сын	bul-sın	you are
бул-ыр	bul-ır	he/she/it is
бул-без	bul-bez	we are
бул-гыз	bul-gız	you (plural) are
бул-лар	bul-lar	they are

2. The verb "to go" (бар-):

Tatar	Pronunciation	English
бар-магән	bar-mägän	I go
бар-сын	bar-sın	you go
бар-ыр	bar-ır	he/she/it goes
бар-без	bar-bez	we go
бар-гыз	bar-gız	you (plural) go
бар-лар	bar-lar	they go

3. The verb "to do" (өстә-):

Tatar	Pronunciation	English
өстә-мәгән	östä-mägän	I do
өстә-sән	östä-sän	you do
өстә-r	östä-r	he/she/it does
өстә-без	östä-bez	we do
өстә-гез	östä-gez	you (plural) do
өстә-ләр	östä-lär	they do

Take the time to practice conjugating these irregular verbs in the present tense. The more you practice, the more familiar you will become with their unique forms.

Cultural Insight: Regional Variations[edit | edit source]

It is important to note that Tatar is spoken in different regions, and there may be variations in verb usage and understanding. For example, in the Kazan dialect, the verb "to speak" is conjugated as "тыйла-" (tiyla-) in the present tense, while in other dialects, it is "сөйлә-" (söyle-) as we have seen earlier. These regional differences add richness to the Tatar language and reflect the diverse cultural heritage of the Tatar people.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let's put your knowledge of the Tatar present tense to the test with some practice exercises. Translate the following sentences into Tatar using the correct present tense verb forms.

1. I eat breakfast every morning. 2. Do you speak Tatar? 3. He goes to school by bus. 4. We study Tatar language. 5. Do you (plural) understand the lesson? 6. They play football on weekends.

Solution: 1. Минәм кишкәүен көшәтәм. 2. Сез татар теле сүйләргәнбез? 3. Ул автобус белә мектепке барыр. 4. Без татар теленә китап укуйбез. 5. Сезгә тәүгәнүләргәнбез? 6. Улар шимбә эшләргәнләр.

Explanation: 1. The verb "to eat" (кишкәү-) is conjugated as "кишкәүәм" for "I." 2. The verb "to speak" (сөйлә-) is conjugated as "сүйләргәнбез" for the question "Do you speak?" 3. The verb "to go" (бар-) is conjugated as "барыр" for "he/she/it." 4. The verb "to study" (уку-) is conjugated as "укуйбез" for "we." 5. The verb "to understand" (тәүгән-) is conjugated as "тәүгәнүләргәнбез" for the question "Do you (plural) understand?" 6. The verb "to play" (эшлә-) is conjugated as "эшләргәнләр" for "they."

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on the Tatar present tense. You have learned the conjugation patterns for regular and irregular verbs in the present tense and practiced using them in sentences. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding and improve your fluency in Tatar.

In the next lesson, we will delve into the Tatar past tense and learn how to talk about past actions and events. Don't miss it!

Table of Contents - Tatar Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Sentence Structure

Numbers and Time

Nouns and Pronouns

Family and Relationships

Verbs and Tenses

Food and Dining

Adjectives and Adverbs

Travel and Transportation

Prepositions and Conjunctions

Hobbies and Leisure

Tatar Customs and Traditions

Shopping and Services

Negation and Commands

Tatar History and Society

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Template:Tatar-Page-Bottom

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <span pgnav>
 {| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
@@ Line 8: / Line 9: @@
 {{Tatar-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Tatar|Tatar]]  → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 == Introduction ==
-In Tatar, the present tense is used to talk about actions and states that are happening now or are currently true. In this lesson, you will learn the present tense verb conjugations for regular and irregular verbs, and practice using them in sentences.
+Welcome to the lesson on the Tatar present tense! In this lesson, we will explore the conjugation of regular and irregular verbs in the present tense. The present tense is used to talk about current actions and states, making it an essential aspect of Tatar grammar. By mastering the present tense, you will be able to express yourself more fluently and accurately in everyday conversations.
+This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Tatar Course" and is designed for complete beginners who have no prior knowledge of the Tatar language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the present tense and be able to use it confidently in your own speech and writing.
-<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Commands-and-Requests|Commands and Requests]] & [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Personal-pronouns|Personal pronouns]].</span>
+Now, let's dive into the fascinating world of Tatar verbs and tenses!
-== Regular Verbs ==
-Regular verbs in Tatar follow a pattern in the present tense that is determined by the verb's infinitive form. To conjugate a regular verb in the present tense, remove the -га or -гә ending from the infinitive and add the appropriate present tense ending based on the subject.
+== Conjugation of Regular Verbs ==
-Here are the present tense endings for regular verbs:
+In Tatar, regular verbs follow a predictable pattern of conjugation in the present tense. To conjugate a regular verb, we need to identify its stem and add the appropriate verb endings for each subject pronoun. Let's take a look at the conjugation of the regular verb "to speak" (söyle-):
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Subject !! Present Tense Ending
+! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| I || -м
+| сөйлә-мәгән || söylä-mägän || I speak
 |-
-| you (informal) || -ң
+| сөйлә-sәn || söylä-sän || you speak
 |-
-| he/she/it || -ы/-е
+| сөйлә-r || söylä-r || he/she/it speaks
 |-
-| we || -мыз
+| сөйлә-без || söylä-bez || we speak
 |-
-| you (formal or plural) || -ңыз/-ңызлар
+| сөйлә-гез || söylä-gez || you (plural) speak
 |-
-| they || -лар/-ләр
+| сөйлә-ләр || söylä-lär || they speak
 |}
-Here are some examples:
+As you can see, the verb stem remains unchanged, and we simply add the appropriate endings (-мәгән, -sәn, -r, -без, -гез, -ләр) to indicate the subject pronouns. Practice conjugating regular verbs in the present tense with different subject pronouns to familiarize yourself with the patterns.
-*Барысыңыз? (How are you?) - informal
+== Conjugation of Irregular Verbs ==
-*Барысыйз? (How are you?) - formal
-*Улы башыма кирәк. (I need a big hat.)
-*Сезнең исемен кисә беләмәгән. (I don't know your name.)
-== Irregular Verbs ==
+While regular verbs follow a consistent conjugation pattern, irregular verbs in Tatar have unique conjugation forms in the present tense. These irregular verbs require memorization and practice to use correctly. Let's take a look at some common irregular verbs and their conjugations in the present tense.
-Irregular verbs do not follow the same pattern as regular verbs in the present tense. Instead, they have their own specific conjugation forms that must be memorized. Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the present tense:
+. The verb "to be" (бул-):
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Verb !! Present Tense Conjugation
+! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| бул-магән || bul-mägän || I am
+|-
+| бул-сын || bul-sın || you are
 |-
-| ит- || ит-әм / ит-ң / ит-ы/е / ит-мыз / ит-ңыз/ит-ңызлар / ит-ләр
+| бул-ыр || bul-ır || he/she/it is
 |-
-| белән- || белән-әм / белән-ң / белән-ы/е / белән-мыз / белән-ңыз/белән-ңызлар / белән-ләр
+| бул-без || bul-bez || we are
 |-
-| әйтип- || әйтип-әм / әйтип-ң / әйтип-ы/е / әйтип-мыз / әйтип-ңыз/әйтип-ңызлар / әйтип-ләр
+| бул-гыз || bul-gız || you (plural) are
 |-
-| түгел- || түгел-әм / түгел-ң / түгел-ы/е / түгел-мыз / түгел-ңыз/түгел-ңызлар / түгел-ләр
+| бул-лар || bul-lar || they are
 |}
-Here are some examples:
+. The verb "to go" (бар-):
-*Каен әйтип каласыз? (What are you saying?)
+{| class="wikitable"
-*Никяңыз кай. (Where is your daughter?)
+! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
-*Мөхәббәт итүр әйде яшер тыш. (Love lives where God is.)
+|-
-*Түгел үзеп өчен яратат. (Time heals everything.)
+| бар-магән || bar-mägän || I go
+|-
+| бар-сын || bar-sın || you go
+|-
+| бар-ыр || bar-ır || he/she/it goes
+|-
+| бар-без || bar-bez || we go
+|-
+| бар-гыз || bar-gız || you (plural) go
+|-
+| бар-лар || bar-lar || they go
+|}
-== Using Present Tense Verbs in Sentences ==
+. The verb "to do" (өстә-):
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Tatar !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| өстә-мәгән || östä-mägän || I do
+|-
+| өстә-sән || östä-sän || you do
+|-
+| өстә-r || östä-r || he/she/it does
+|-
+| өстә-без || östä-bez || we do
+|-
+| өстә-гез || östä-gez || you (plural) do
+|-
+| өстә-ләр || östä-lär || they do
+|}
-Now that you know how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the present tense, let's practice using them in sentences. Here are some examples:
+Take the time to practice conjugating these irregular verbs in the present tense. The more you practice, the more familiar you will become with their unique forms.
-*Яман имтиханым бар. (I have a difficult exam.)
+== Cultural Insight: Regional Variations ==
-*Сез телефонда киммен диалог яңартырга гыйнап калдыңыз? (Did you get stuck on the phone trying to improve your dialogue?)
-*Ул бүлмәгә яңа җит җанлый алышышы ярышыр. (He's in the office playing a new game on his computer.)
-*Зур тәбәккә күрә. (Look at the beautiful scenery.)
-== Conclusion ==
+It is important to note that Tatar is spoken in different regions, and there may be variations in verb usage and understanding. For example, in the Kazan dialect, the verb "to speak" is conjugated as "тыйла-" (tiyla-) in the present tense, while in other dialects, it is "сөйлә-" (söyle-) as we have seen earlier. These regional differences add richness to the Tatar language and reflect the diverse cultural heritage of the Tatar people.
-In this lesson, you learned how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the present tense in Tatar, and practice using them in sentences. Practice regularly to become more comfortable with using these verb forms in everyday conversation.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now, let's put your knowledge of the Tatar present tense to the test with some practice exercises. Translate the following sentences into Tatar using the correct present tense verb forms.
+. I eat breakfast every morning.
+. Do you speak Tatar?
+. He goes to school by bus.
+. We study Tatar language.
+. Do you (plural) understand the lesson?
+. They play football on weekends.
+Solution:
+. Минәм кишкәүен көшәтәм.
+. Сез татар теле сүйләргәнбез?
+. Ул автобус белә мектепке барыр.
+. Без татар теленә китап укуйбез.
+. Сезгә тәүгәнүләргәнбез?
+. Улар шимбә эшләргәнләр.
+Explanation:
+. The verb "to eat" (кишкәү-) is conjugated as "кишкәүәм" for "I."
+. The verb "to speak" (сөйлә-) is conjugated as "сүйләргәнбез" for the question "Do you speak?"
+. The verb "to go" (бар-) is conjugated as "барыр" for "he/she/it."
+. The verb "to study" (уку-) is conjugated as "укуйбез" for "we."
+. The verb "to understand" (тәүгән-) is conjugated as "тәүгәнүләргәнбез" for the question "Do you (plural) understand?"
+. The verb "to play" (эшлә-) is conjugated as "эшләргәнләр" for "they."
+== Conclusion ==
+Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on the Tatar present tense. You have learned the conjugation patterns for regular and irregular verbs in the present tense and practiced using them in sentences. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding and improve your fluency in Tatar.
+In the next lesson, we will delve into the Tatar past tense and learn how to talk about past actions and events. Don't miss it!
-<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] & [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Questions|Questions]].</span>
 {{#seo:
-|title=Tatar Grammar Verbs and Tenses Present Tense
+|title=Tatar Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense
-|keywords=Tatar, Tatar present tense, Tatar verbs, Tatar tenses, Tatar language, present tense Tatar, regular Tatar verbs, irregular Tatar verbs, Tatar present tense sentences, Tatar lessons
+|keywords=Tatar grammar, Tatar language, present tense, regular verbs, irregular verbs, conjugation, regional variations
-|description=Learn the Tatar present tense verb conjugations for regular and irregular verbs, and practice using them in sentences to talk about current actions and states. Study the Tatar language with this beginner's course.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn the Tatar present tense verb conjugations for regular and irregular verbs, and practice using them in sentences to talk about current actions and states.
 }}
@@ Line 98: / Line 152: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Tatar-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language Tatar language - Wikipedia]
+* [https://ibt.org.ru/sites/default/files/files/TTR_Gram_R_web.pdf TATAR GRAMMAR]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language Crimean Tatar language - Wikipedia]
@@ Line 114: / Line 176: @@
-<span class='maj'></span>
-==Sources==
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language Tatar language - Wikipedia]
-* [https://ibt.org.ru/sites/default/files/files/TTR_Gram_R_web.pdf TATAR GRAMMAR]
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language Crimean Tatar language - Wikipedia]
 {{Tatar-Page-Bottom}}
-<span links></span>
 <span pgnav>
 {| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"