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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Prepositions</div>
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<h1>Introduction</h1>
== Introduction ==
 
In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of Slovenian prepositions. Prepositions are essential in any language as they help us express relationships between different words and indicate time, place, direction, manner, and more. By mastering Slovenian prepositions, you will be able to construct more accurate sentences and convey your thoughts with precision. We will dive deep into the most common Slovenian prepositions, their usage with different cases, and provide you with plenty of examples to solidify your understanding. So let's get started!
 
== Slovenian Prepositions ==
 
Slovenian prepositions are an integral part of the language and play a crucial role in sentence structure. They are used to link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence, indicating various relationships. Slovenian prepositions can express location, direction, time, manner, possession, and much more. It's important to note that Slovenian prepositions are closely linked to cases, which determine the form of the noun or pronoun that follows them. Let's explore some of the most common Slovenian prepositions and their usage.
 
=== Locative Prepositions ===


In this lesson, you will learn about prepositions in Slovenian. Prepositions are words that indicate the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence. In Slovenian, prepositions can have different meanings depending on the case they are used with. Therefore, it is essential to learn how to use them with different cases.
Locative prepositions indicate location or position. They are used to answer questions like "where?" or "in what?" These prepositions require the locative case. Here are some examples:


<h2>Common Slovenian Prepositions</h2>
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| v || /v/ || in, into
|-
| na || /na/ || on, onto
|-
| pod || /pod/ || under, below
|-
| nad || /nad/ || above, over
|-
| med || /med/ || between, among
|-
| ob || /ob/ || beside, next to
|-
| pred || /pred/ || in front of, before
|-
| za || /za/ || behind, for
|-
| medtem ko || /mɛdtɛm ko/ || while
|-
| nasproti || /nasproti/ || opposite
|-
| blizu || /blizu/ || near
|-
| daleč || /dalɛtʃ/ || far
|}


Here are some of the most common prepositions used in Slovenian:
For example:
* Vrži žogo v koš. (Throw the ball into the basket.)
* Knjiga je na mizi. (The book is on the table.)
* Mačka se skriva pod posteljo. (The cat is hiding under the bed.)


<table class="wikitable">
=== Accusative Prepositions ===
<tr>
<th>Slovenian</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English Translation</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>na</td>
<td>/na/</td>
<td>on, upon, onto</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>v</td>
<td>/v/</td>
<td>in, into, to</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pri</td>
<td>/pri/</td>
<td>with, by, at</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>za</td>
<td>/za/</td>
<td>for, behind, after</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ob</td>
<td>/ob/</td>
<td>at, around, beside, about</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pod</td>
<td>/pod/</td>
<td>under, below</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>nad</td>
<td>/nad/</td>
<td>over, above</td>
</tr>
</table>


<h2>Using Prepositions with Different Cases</h2>
Accusative prepositions indicate direction or movement towards something. They are used to answer questions like "where to?" or "into what?" These prepositions require the accusative case. Here are some examples:


In Slovenian, prepositions are used with different cases to indicate the relationship between the noun or pronoun and the other word in the sentence. Here are some of the most common prepositions and the cases they are used with:
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| skozi || /skozi/ || through
|-
| čez || /tʃɛz/ || across, over
|-
| čez vikend || /tʃɛz vikɛnd/ || over the weekend
|-
| čez dan || /tʃɛz dan/ || during the day
|-
| proti || /proʲti/ || towards
|-
| do || /do/ || to, until
|-
| ob || /ob/ || at, around
|-
| čez nekaj minut || /tʃɛz nɛkaj minut/ || in a few minutes
|-
| čez cesto || /tʃɛz tʃɛsto/ || across the street
|}


<table class="wikitable">
For example:
<tr>
* Grem skozi vrata. (I'm going through the door.)
<th>Preposition</th>
* Pridem čez nekaj minut. (I'll come in a few minutes.)
<th>Case Used</th>
* Sprehodimo se čez park. (Let's walk through the park.)
<th>Example Sentence</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>na</td>
<td>Accusative</td>
<td>Jaz grem na koncert. (I am going to the concert.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>v</td>
<td>Accusative</td>
<td>Jaz grem v kino. (I am going to the cinema.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pri</td>
<td>Dative</td>
<td>Delam pri svojem prijatelju. (I'm working at my friend's place.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>za</td>
<td>Accusative</td>
<td>Prosim za kozarec vode. (Can I have a glass of water, please?)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ob</td>
<td>Locative</td>
<td>Tukaj stoji hiša ob cesti. (There is a house standing by the road over here.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pod</td>
<td>Accusative</td>
<td>Ležim pod drevesom. (I am lying under the tree.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>nad</td>
<td>Instrumental</td>
<td>Visi nad mizo. (It is hanging above the table.)</td>
</tr>
</table>


<h2>Common Prepositions with Fixed Cases</h2>
=== Instrumental Prepositions ===


Some prepositions in Slovenian always take a specific case, and they are usually used with certain verbs or expressions. Here are some examples:
Instrumental prepositions indicate the means or manner by which something is done. They are used to answer questions like "how?" or "with what?" These prepositions require the instrumental case. Here are some examples:


<h3>S Prepositions with Locative</h3>
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| s || /s/ || with
|-
| brez || /brɛz/ || without
|-
| zaradi || /zaradi/ || because of
|-
| po || /po/ || by, after
|-
| z || /z/ || from
|-
| za || /za/ || for
|-
| proti || /proʲti/ || against
|-
| nasproti || /nasproti/ || towards
|-
| skozi || /skozi/ || through
|}


These prepositions always take the locative case:
For example:
* Pišem s pisalom. (I'm writing with a pen.)
* Pojdi brez mene. (Go without me.)
* Hvala ti zaradi pomoči. (Thank you for your help.)


<ul>
=== Genitive Prepositions ===
<li>sredi - in the middle of</li>
<li>med - between</li>
</ul>


Examples:
Genitive prepositions indicate possession or belonging. They are used to answer questions like "whose?" or "of what?" These prepositions require the genitive case. Here are some examples:


<ul>
{| class="wikitable"
<li>Jaz sem sredi prostora. (I am in the middle of the room.)</li>
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
<li>Mi sedimo med dvema drevesoma. (We are sitting between two trees.)</li>
|-
</ul>
| brez || /brɛz/ || without
|-
| iz || /iz/ || from, out of
|-
| od || /od/ || from, of
|-
| izven || /izvɛn/ || outside of
|-
| zunaj || /zunaj/ || outside
|-
| navzgor || /navzgor/ || upwards
|-
| navzdol || /navzdol/ || downwards
|-
| znotraj || /znotraj/ || inside
|-
| zunaj || /zunaj/ || outside
|}


<h3>Z Prepositions with Genitive</h3>
For example:
* Brez denarja ne morem kupiti darila. (Without money, I can't buy a gift.)
* Hiša je iz lesa. (The house is made of wood.)
* Knjiga je od Jane. (The book is Jane's.)


These prepositions always take the genitive case:
== Cultural Insights ==


<ul>
Understanding Slovenian prepositions can also provide insights into Slovenian culture and history. For example, the preposition "med" (between, among) reflects the country's geographic location between different regions and cultures. Slovenia has historically been a meeting point between Germanic, Romance, and Slavic cultures, and the preposition "med" symbolizes this cultural diversity. Similarly, the preposition "za" (behind, for) can also carry a subtle cultural connotation. Slovenians value loyalty and support for their community, and the preposition "za" signifies standing behind someone or something, supporting them wholeheartedly.
<li>izven - outside of</li>
<li>zunaj - outside</li>
</ul>


Examples:
== Practice Exercises ==


<ul>
Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice! Try the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of Slovenian prepositions.
<li>Danes bo vreme izven območja Slovenije. (Today's weather will be outside of Slovenia.)</li>
<li>On je zunaj mesta. (He is outside the city.)</li>
</ul>


<h3>Kot Preposition with Nominative</h3>
Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences by selecting the appropriate preposition from the given options. Remember to consider the case required by the preposition.


This preposition always takes the nominative case:
1. Knjiga je ______ mizo.
a) na
b) ob
c) med
d) nad


<ul>
2. Grem ______ kino.
<li>kot - as, like</li>
a) na
</ul>
b) v
c) med
d) nad


Example:
3. Grem ______ šolo.
a) na
b) v
c) proti
d) nad


<ul>
4. Sprehodimo se ______ park.
<li>On igra kot kitarist v bendu. (He plays as a guitarist in a band.)</li>
a) na
</ul>
b) v
c) med
d) nad


<h2>Frequently Used Prepositional Phrases</h2>
Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences
Translate the following English sentences into Slovenian, paying attention to the correct usage of prepositions and cases.


Here are some frequently used Slovenian prepositional phrases:
1. I'm going to the store.
2. The cat is under the table.
3. He thanked her for the gift.
4. We walked through the forest.


<ul>
== Solutions ==
<li>v središču - in the center</li>
<li>v bližini - near</li>
<li>v okolici - in the vicinity of</li>
<li>vzdolž - along</li>
<li>poleg - next to, beside</li>
</ul>


Example:
Exercise 1:
1. a) na
2. b) v
3. b) v
4. b) v


<ul>
Exercise 2:
<li>Hotel je hotel sobo v bližini trga. (He wanted a room near the square.)</li>
1. Grem v trgovino.
</ul>
2. Mačka je pod mizo.
3. Zahvalil se ji je za darilo.
4. Sprehodili smo se skozi gozd.


<h2>Conclusion</h2>
== Conclusion ==


In Slovenian, prepositions can have different meanings depending on the case they are used with. Therefore, it is essential to learn how to use them with different cases. In this lesson, you have learned about the most common Slovenian prepositions and how to use them. Keep practicing, and you will master the use of prepositions in Slovenian in no time!
Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on Slovenian prepositions. By understanding the most common Slovenian prepositions and their usage with different cases, you are now equipped to construct more accurate and meaningful sentences. Keep practicing and incorporating prepositions into your everyday conversations to further enhance your Slovenian language skills. In the next lesson, we will explore Slovenian conjunctions and how they can connect words, phrases, and clauses. Good luck!


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==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Complex-sentences-and-subordinations|Complex sentences and subordinations]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Complex-sentences-and-subordinations|Complex sentences and subordinations]]
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* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/The-subjunctive-mood-and-modal-verbs|The subjunctive mood and modal verbs]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/The-subjunctive-mood-and-modal-verbs|The subjunctive mood and modal verbs]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Adverbs|Adverbs]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Adverbs|Adverbs]]


{{Slovenian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Slovenian-Page-Bottom}}
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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Slovenian/Vocabulary/Asking-for-Directions|◀️ Asking for Directions — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Conjunctions ▶️]]
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</span>

Latest revision as of 04:19, 21 June 2023

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Slovenian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Slovenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Prepositions

Introduction[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of Slovenian prepositions. Prepositions are essential in any language as they help us express relationships between different words and indicate time, place, direction, manner, and more. By mastering Slovenian prepositions, you will be able to construct more accurate sentences and convey your thoughts with precision. We will dive deep into the most common Slovenian prepositions, their usage with different cases, and provide you with plenty of examples to solidify your understanding. So let's get started!

Slovenian Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Slovenian prepositions are an integral part of the language and play a crucial role in sentence structure. They are used to link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence, indicating various relationships. Slovenian prepositions can express location, direction, time, manner, possession, and much more. It's important to note that Slovenian prepositions are closely linked to cases, which determine the form of the noun or pronoun that follows them. Let's explore some of the most common Slovenian prepositions and their usage.

Locative Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Locative prepositions indicate location or position. They are used to answer questions like "where?" or "in what?" These prepositions require the locative case. Here are some examples:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
v /v/ in, into
na /na/ on, onto
pod /pod/ under, below
nad /nad/ above, over
med /med/ between, among
ob /ob/ beside, next to
pred /pred/ in front of, before
za /za/ behind, for
medtem ko /mɛdtɛm ko/ while
nasproti /nasproti/ opposite
blizu /blizu/ near
daleč /dalɛtʃ/ far

For example:

  • Vrži žogo v koš. (Throw the ball into the basket.)
  • Knjiga je na mizi. (The book is on the table.)
  • Mačka se skriva pod posteljo. (The cat is hiding under the bed.)

Accusative Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Accusative prepositions indicate direction or movement towards something. They are used to answer questions like "where to?" or "into what?" These prepositions require the accusative case. Here are some examples:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
skozi /skozi/ through
čez /tʃɛz/ across, over
čez vikend /tʃɛz vikɛnd/ over the weekend
čez dan /tʃɛz dan/ during the day
proti /proʲti/ towards
do /do/ to, until
ob /ob/ at, around
čez nekaj minut /tʃɛz nɛkaj minut/ in a few minutes
čez cesto /tʃɛz tʃɛsto/ across the street

For example:

  • Grem skozi vrata. (I'm going through the door.)
  • Pridem čez nekaj minut. (I'll come in a few minutes.)
  • Sprehodimo se čez park. (Let's walk through the park.)

Instrumental Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Instrumental prepositions indicate the means or manner by which something is done. They are used to answer questions like "how?" or "with what?" These prepositions require the instrumental case. Here are some examples:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
s /s/ with
brez /brɛz/ without
zaradi /zaradi/ because of
po /po/ by, after
z /z/ from
za /za/ for
proti /proʲti/ against
nasproti /nasproti/ towards
skozi /skozi/ through

For example:

  • Pišem s pisalom. (I'm writing with a pen.)
  • Pojdi brez mene. (Go without me.)
  • Hvala ti zaradi pomoči. (Thank you for your help.)

Genitive Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Genitive prepositions indicate possession or belonging. They are used to answer questions like "whose?" or "of what?" These prepositions require the genitive case. Here are some examples:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
brez /brɛz/ without
iz /iz/ from, out of
od /od/ from, of
izven /izvɛn/ outside of
zunaj /zunaj/ outside
navzgor /navzgor/ upwards
navzdol /navzdol/ downwards
znotraj /znotraj/ inside
zunaj /zunaj/ outside

For example:

  • Brez denarja ne morem kupiti darila. (Without money, I can't buy a gift.)
  • Hiša je iz lesa. (The house is made of wood.)
  • Knjiga je od Jane. (The book is Jane's.)

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

Understanding Slovenian prepositions can also provide insights into Slovenian culture and history. For example, the preposition "med" (between, among) reflects the country's geographic location between different regions and cultures. Slovenia has historically been a meeting point between Germanic, Romance, and Slavic cultures, and the preposition "med" symbolizes this cultural diversity. Similarly, the preposition "za" (behind, for) can also carry a subtle cultural connotation. Slovenians value loyalty and support for their community, and the preposition "za" signifies standing behind someone or something, supporting them wholeheartedly.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice! Try the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of Slovenian prepositions.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks Complete the sentences by selecting the appropriate preposition from the given options. Remember to consider the case required by the preposition.

1. Knjiga je ______ mizo. a) na b) ob c) med d) nad

2. Grem ______ kino. a) na b) v c) med d) nad

3. Grem ______ šolo. a) na b) v c) proti d) nad

4. Sprehodimo se ______ park. a) na b) v c) med d) nad

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences Translate the following English sentences into Slovenian, paying attention to the correct usage of prepositions and cases.

1. I'm going to the store. 2. The cat is under the table. 3. He thanked her for the gift. 4. We walked through the forest.

Solutions[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: 1. a) na 2. b) v 3. b) v 4. b) v

Exercise 2: 1. Grem v trgovino. 2. Mačka je pod mizo. 3. Zahvalil se ji je za darilo. 4. Sprehodili smo se skozi gozd.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on Slovenian prepositions. By understanding the most common Slovenian prepositions and their usage with different cases, you are now equipped to construct more accurate and meaningful sentences. Keep practicing and incorporating prepositions into your everyday conversations to further enhance your Slovenian language skills. In the next lesson, we will explore Slovenian conjunctions and how they can connect words, phrases, and clauses. Good luck!

Table of Contents - Slovenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Drink


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Free Time


Slovenian Customs and Traditions



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Asking for Directions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conjunctions ▶️

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