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|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️]]
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{{Slovenian-Page-Top}}
{{Slovenian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense</div>


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In this lesson, you will learn how to form the past tense in Slovenian using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. This is an important concept to master as the past tense is used frequently in everyday communication. By the end of this lesson, you should be able to understand and use the past tense confidently in your conversations and writing.
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on the past tense in Slovenian! In this lesson, we will explore how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. The past tense is an essential part of any language, as it allows us to talk about actions and events that have already happened. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the past tense in Slovenian and be able to form sentences in the past tense with ease.
 
== The Importance of the Past Tense ==


The past tense is crucial in Slovenian as it enables us to discuss past events and actions. Whether you want to share a personal experience, talk about historical events, or simply recount what you did yesterday, the past tense is essential. By learning how to form and use the past tense, you will greatly expand your ability to communicate in Slovenian and express yourself in a variety of situations.


<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Perfect-tense|Perfect tense]] & [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/The-subjunctive-mood-and-modal-verbs|The subjunctive mood and modal verbs]].</span>
== Structure of the Lesson ==
== Formation of the Past Tense ==
 
To ensure a comprehensive understanding of the past tense, we will cover the following topics:
 
1. Formation of the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti'
2. Understanding the concept of past active participles
3. Conjugating regular and irregular verbs in the past tense
4. Common phrases and expressions used in the past tense


In Slovenian, the past tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb 'biti' in the present tense followed by the past active participle of the main verb. The past active participle is the form of the verb that ends in '-l', '-la', '-lo', '-li', '-le', or '-la', depending on the gender and number of the subject. The past active participle is formed by taking the stem of the verb and adding the appropriate ending.
Throughout the lesson, we will provide numerous examples and exercises to reinforce your understanding of the past tense. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in the usage of the past tense and share interesting cultural facts related to this topic. So let's dive in and start learning about the past tense in Slovenian!


=== Example: Conjugation of 'Biti' in Present Tense ===
== Formation of the Past Tense ==


Before we can form the past tense, it's important to review the present tense conjugation of the auxiliary verb 'biti'. Below is the conjugation of 'biti' in the present tense for reference:
In Slovenian, the past tense is formed using the auxiliary verb 'biti' (to be) and the past active participle of the main verb. The past active participle is a verb form that indicates a completed action or state in the past. To form the past tense, we conjugate 'biti' according to the subject and add the appropriate past active participle. Let's take a look at the conjugation of 'biti' in the past tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person/Number !! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| 1st person singular || sem || /semm/ || I am
| Sem bil/bila || Sem beel/beela || I was
|-
|-
| 2nd person singular || si || /see/ || you are (informal)
| Si bil/bila || Si beel/beela || You (singular) were
|-
|-
| 3rd person singular || je || /yeh/ || he/she/it is
| Je bil/bila || Ye beel/beela || He/she/it was
|-
|-
| 1st person plural || smo || /smoh/ || we are
| Sva bila || Sva beela || We were (dual)
|-
|-
| 2nd person plural || ste || /steh/ || you are (formal or plural)
| Ste bili/bile || Ste beeli/beele || You (plural) were
|-
|-
| 3rd person plural || so || /soh/ || they are
| So bili/bile || So beeli/beele || They were
|}
|}


=== Example: Formation of Past Tense ===
Keep in mind that the past active participle of the main verb changes depending on the gender and number of the subject. We will discuss this in more detail later in the lesson.


To form the past tense, we use 'biti' in the present tense as an auxiliary verb followed by the past active participle of the main verb. Note that the past active participle changes based on the gender and number of the subject.
== Past Active Participles ==


Here is an example with the verb 'vprašati' (to ask):
The past active participle is an important component of forming the past tense in Slovenian. It is derived from the infinitive form of the verb and indicates a completed action or state in the past. Let's take a look at how to form the past active participle for regular verbs:
 
=== Regular Verbs ===
 
For regular verbs, the past active participle is formed by removing the infinitive ending (-ti, -či, -sti, -ži, or -ći) and adding the appropriate ending based on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the endings for regular verbs:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person/Number !! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Gender/Number !! Ending
|-
|-
| 1st person singular || sem vprašal/-a/-o || /semm vpruh-shahl/-ah/-oh/ || I asked
| Masculine, singular || -l
|-
|-
| 2nd person singular || si vprašal/-a/-o || /see vpruh-shahl/-ah/-oh/ || you asked (informal)
| Feminine, singular || -la
|-
|-
| 3rd person singular || je vprašal/-a/-o || /yeh vpruh-shahl/-ah/-oh/ || he/she/it asked
| Neuter, singular || -lo
|-
|-
| 1st person plural || smo vprašali/-e/-a || /smoh vpruh-shah-lee/-eh/-ah/ || we asked
| Masculine, plural || -li
|-
|-
| 2nd person plural || ste vprašali/-e/-a || /steh vpruh-shah-lee/-eh/-ah/ || you asked (formal or plural)
| Feminine, plural || -le
|-
|-
| 3rd person plural || so vprašali/-e/-a || /soh vpruh-shah-lee/-eh/-ah/ || they asked
| Neuter, plural || -la
|}
|}


Note that the past active participle agrees in gender and number with the subject. For example, for the verb 'pisati' (to write), the past active participle for a singular masculine subject is 'pisal', for a singular feminine subject, it's 'pisala', for a singular neutral subject, it's 'pisalo', and for a plural subject, it's 'pisali'.
Let's see some examples:


== Irregular Past Active Participles ==
* Plesati (to dance)
  * Plesal (masculine, singular) - Plesal sem (I danced)
  * Plesala (feminine, singular) - Plesala sem (I danced)
  * Plesalo (neuter, singular) - Plesalo sem (I danced)
  * Plesali (masculine, plural) - Plesali smo (We danced)
  * Plesale (feminine, plural) - Plesale smo (We danced)
  * Plesala (neuter, plural) - Plesala smo (We danced)


While most past active participles in Slovenian follow regular patterns of conjugation, there are a number of irregular past active participles that must be memorized.
=== Irregular Verbs ===


Below are some of the most common irregular past active participles:
Irregular verbs have their own unique forms for the past active participle. It's important to familiarize yourself with the irregular verbs and their corresponding past active participle forms. Here are some examples:
 
* Imeti (to have)
  * Imel (masculine, singular) - Imel sem (I had)
  * Imela (feminine, singular) - Imela sem (I had)
  * Imelo (neuter, singular) - Imelo sem (I had)
  * Imeli (masculine, plural) - Imeli smo (We had)
  * Imele (feminine, plural) - Imele smo (We had)
  * Imela (neuter, plural) - Imela smo (We had)
 
* Piti (to drink)
  * Pil (masculine, singular) - Pil sem (I drank)
  * Pila (feminine, singular) - Pila sem (I drank)
  * Pilo (neuter, singular) - Pilo sem (I drank)
  * Pili (masculine, plural) - Pili smo (We drank)
  * Pile (feminine, plural) - Pile smo (We drank)
  * Pila (neuter, plural) - Pila smo (We drank)
 
== Conjugating Verbs in the Past Tense ==
 
Now that we understand how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and the past active participle, let's explore how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. The conjugation of the main verb is based on the subject, while the conjugation of 'biti' remains the same as we discussed earlier. Let's take a look at some examples:
 
=== Regular Verbs ===
 
To conjugate regular verbs in the past tense, we need to combine the appropriate form of 'biti' with the past active participle of the main verb. Let's see some examples using the verb 'delati' (to work):


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Infinitive !! Past Active Participle !! English Translation
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| biti || bil/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || was/were
| Jaz sem delal/delala || Yas sem delal/delala || I worked
|-
|-
| imeti || imel/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || had
| Ti si delal/delala || Tee see delal/delala || You (singular) worked
|-
|-
| jesti || jedel/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || ate
| On/ona/ono je delal/delala || On/ona/ono ye delal/delala || He/she/it worked
|-
|-
| dati || dal/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || gave
| Midva/sva delala || Midva/sva delala || We worked (dual)
|-
|-
| videti || videl/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || saw
| Viva/Vsi/Vse smo delali/delale || Viva/Vsee/Vse smo delali/delale || You (plural) worked
|-
|-
| iti || šel/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || went
| Oni/one/ona so delali/delale || Oni/one/ona so delali/delale || They worked
|-
| narediti || naredil/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a || made
|}
|}


Note that while some of these past active participles have feminine and neutral forms, they are relatively uncommon in everyday speech and are often replaced by the masculine form.
=== Irregular Verbs ===


== Example Sentences ==
Irregular verbs have their own unique conjugation patterns in the past tense. Let's take a look at some examples:


Here are some example sentences in Slovenian using the past tense:
* Iti (to go)
  * Jaz sem šel/šla (I went)
  * Ti si šel/šla (You went)
  * On/ona/ono je šel/šla (He/she/it went)
  * Midva/sva šla (We went)
  * Viva/Vsi/Vse smo šli/šle (You went)
  * Oni/one/ona so šli/šle (They went)


* Včeraj sem jedel/-a/-o kosilo. (Yesterday, I ate lunch.)
* Videti (to see)
* Pred dvema tednoma sem naredil/-a preizkus vožnje. (Two weeks ago, I took a driving test.)
  * Jaz sem videl/videla (I saw)
* Lani smo bili/-e/-a na počitnicah na morju. (Last year, we were on vacation at the seaside.)
  * Ti si videl/videla (You saw)
* Mama je dala/-a/-o očetu darilo za rojstni dan. (Mom gave dad a present for his birthday.)
  * On/ona/ono je videl/videla (He/she/it saw)
* Pred leti sem videl/-a nenavadno ptico v parku. (Years ago, I saw an unusual bird in the park.)
  * Midva/sva videla (We saw)
  * Viva/Vsi/Vse smo videli/videla (You saw)
  * Oni/one/ona so videli/videla (They saw)


== Practice Exercises ==
== Cultural Insights ==


To solidify your understanding of the past tense and past active participles, try these practice exercises:
The past tense is used in various contexts in Slovenian culture. Slovenians take pride in their rich history and traditions, and the past tense allows them to convey stories and experiences from the past. Slovenian folk tales, historical events, and personal narratives often make use of the past tense to transport listeners or readers to a different time. Additionally, the past tense is essential when discussing Slovenian historical figures, such as the national poet France Prešeren or the national hero Primož Trubar. By understanding and using the past tense, you can engage more deeply with Slovenian culture and connect with its people on a personal level.


* Conjugate the verb 'igrati' (to play) in the past tense for all six persons and numbers.
== Exercises ==
* Write three sentences in Slovenian using the past tense with different verbs.
 
* Identify the past active participle in the sentence: "Pred dvema tednoma sem videl/-a/-o malo deklico na sprehodu." ("Two weeks ago, I saw a little girl on a walk.")
To practice what you've learned so far, let's do some exercises:
 
1. Conjugate the verb 'igrati' (to play) in the past tense for the following subjects:
  * Jaz (I)
  * Ti (You, singular)
  * Ona (She)
  * Mi (We, dual)
  * Vi (You, plural)
  * Oni (They)
 
2. Form the past active participle for the following regular verbs:
  * Gledati (to watch)
  * Brati (to read)
  * Plesati (to dance)
 
3. Conjugate the irregular verb 'jesti' (to eat) in the past tense for the following subjects:
  * Jaz (I)
  * Ti (You, singular)
  * On (He)
  * Midva (We, dual)
  * Vi (You, plural)
  * Oni (They)
 
== Solutions ==
 
1. Conjugation of 'igrati' (to play) in the past tense:
  * Jaz sem igral/igrala (I played)
  * Ti si igral/igrala (You played)
  * Ona je igrala (She played)
  * Mi sva igrala (We played)
  * Vi ste igrali/igrale (You played)
  * Oni so igrali/igrale (They played)
 
2. Past active participles for the regular verbs:
  * Gledati (to watch) - Gledal (masculine, singular), Gledala (feminine, singular), Gledalo (neuter, singular), Gledali (masculine, plural), Gledale (feminine, plural), Gledala (neuter, plural)
  * Brati (to read) - Bral (masculine, singular), Brala (feminine, singular), Bralo (neuter, singular), Brali (masculine, plural), Brale (feminine, plural), Brala (neuter, plural)
  * Plesati (to dance) - Plesal (masculine, singular), Plesala (feminine, singular), Plesalo (neuter, singular), Plesali (masculine, plural), Plesale (feminine, plural), Plesala (neuter, plural)
 
3. Conjugation of 'jesti' (to eat) in the past tense:
  * Jaz sem jedel/jedla (I ate)
  * Ti si jedel/jedla (You ate)
  * On je jedel (He ate)
  * Midva sva jedla (We ate)
  * Vi ste jedli/jedle (You ate)
  * Oni so jedli/jedle (They ate)


== Conclusion ==
== Conclusion ==


In this lesson, you learned how to form the past tense in Slovenian using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. You also learned about irregular past active participles and how to use the past tense in everyday communication. As you continue to practice speaking and writing in Slovenian, don't forget to use the past tense to describe events and actions that have already occurred. This will help you communicate more effectively and fluently with native speakers. Good luck with your studies!
Congratulations on completing the lesson on the past tense in Slovenian! You have learned how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. The past tense is a vital aspect of Slovenian grammar, allowing you to discuss past events and actions. By practicing the conjugation of regular and irregular verbs, you have developed a solid foundation for expressing yourself in the past tense. Keep practicing and exploring the rich cultural context in which the past tense is used, and you will continue to improve your Slovenian language skills. Good luck!
 


<span link>Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]] & [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Adjectives|Comparative and Superlative Adjectives]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Slovenian Grammar: Formation of the Past Tense | Past Tense Verb Conjugation
|title=Slovenian Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense
|keywords=Slovenian past tense, past tense verb conjugation in Slovenian, past active participle, 'biti' auxiliary verb
|keywords=Slovenian grammar, past tense in Slovenian, Slovenian past tense, forming past tense in Slovenian, past active participles in Slovenian
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form the past tense in Slovenian using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. This is an important concept to master as the past tense is used frequently in everyday communication. By the end of this lesson, you should be able to understand and use the past tense confidently in your conversations and writing.
|description=Learn how to form the past tense in Slovenian using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. Develop a solid understanding of the past tense in Slovenian through comprehensive explanations, examples, and exercises.
}}
}}


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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]


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{{Slovenian-Page-Bottom}}
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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
 
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Present-Tense|◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 04:09, 21 June 2023

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

Slovenian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Slovenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on the past tense in Slovenian! In this lesson, we will explore how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. The past tense is an essential part of any language, as it allows us to talk about actions and events that have already happened. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the past tense in Slovenian and be able to form sentences in the past tense with ease.

The Importance of the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense is crucial in Slovenian as it enables us to discuss past events and actions. Whether you want to share a personal experience, talk about historical events, or simply recount what you did yesterday, the past tense is essential. By learning how to form and use the past tense, you will greatly expand your ability to communicate in Slovenian and express yourself in a variety of situations.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

To ensure a comprehensive understanding of the past tense, we will cover the following topics:

1. Formation of the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' 2. Understanding the concept of past active participles 3. Conjugating regular and irregular verbs in the past tense 4. Common phrases and expressions used in the past tense

Throughout the lesson, we will provide numerous examples and exercises to reinforce your understanding of the past tense. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in the usage of the past tense and share interesting cultural facts related to this topic. So let's dive in and start learning about the past tense in Slovenian!

Formation of the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

In Slovenian, the past tense is formed using the auxiliary verb 'biti' (to be) and the past active participle of the main verb. The past active participle is a verb form that indicates a completed action or state in the past. To form the past tense, we conjugate 'biti' according to the subject and add the appropriate past active participle. Let's take a look at the conjugation of 'biti' in the past tense:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Sem bil/bila Sem beel/beela I was
Si bil/bila Si beel/beela You (singular) were
Je bil/bila Ye beel/beela He/she/it was
Sva bila Sva beela We were (dual)
Ste bili/bile Ste beeli/beele You (plural) were
So bili/bile So beeli/beele They were

Keep in mind that the past active participle of the main verb changes depending on the gender and number of the subject. We will discuss this in more detail later in the lesson.

Past Active Participles[edit | edit source]

The past active participle is an important component of forming the past tense in Slovenian. It is derived from the infinitive form of the verb and indicates a completed action or state in the past. Let's take a look at how to form the past active participle for regular verbs:

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

For regular verbs, the past active participle is formed by removing the infinitive ending (-ti, -či, -sti, -ži, or -ći) and adding the appropriate ending based on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the endings for regular verbs:

Gender/Number Ending
Masculine, singular -l
Feminine, singular -la
Neuter, singular -lo
Masculine, plural -li
Feminine, plural -le
Neuter, plural -la

Let's see some examples:

  • Plesati (to dance)
  * Plesal (masculine, singular) - Plesal sem (I danced)
  * Plesala (feminine, singular) - Plesala sem (I danced)
  * Plesalo (neuter, singular) - Plesalo sem (I danced)
  * Plesali (masculine, plural) - Plesali smo (We danced)
  * Plesale (feminine, plural) - Plesale smo (We danced)
  * Plesala (neuter, plural) - Plesala smo (We danced)

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs have their own unique forms for the past active participle. It's important to familiarize yourself with the irregular verbs and their corresponding past active participle forms. Here are some examples:

  • Imeti (to have)
  * Imel (masculine, singular) - Imel sem (I had)
  * Imela (feminine, singular) - Imela sem (I had)
  * Imelo (neuter, singular) - Imelo sem (I had)
  * Imeli (masculine, plural) - Imeli smo (We had)
  * Imele (feminine, plural) - Imele smo (We had)
  * Imela (neuter, plural) - Imela smo (We had)
  • Piti (to drink)
  * Pil (masculine, singular) - Pil sem (I drank)
  * Pila (feminine, singular) - Pila sem (I drank)
  * Pilo (neuter, singular) - Pilo sem (I drank)
  * Pili (masculine, plural) - Pili smo (We drank)
  * Pile (feminine, plural) - Pile smo (We drank)
  * Pila (neuter, plural) - Pila smo (We drank)

Conjugating Verbs in the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and the past active participle, let's explore how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. The conjugation of the main verb is based on the subject, while the conjugation of 'biti' remains the same as we discussed earlier. Let's take a look at some examples:

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

To conjugate regular verbs in the past tense, we need to combine the appropriate form of 'biti' with the past active participle of the main verb. Let's see some examples using the verb 'delati' (to work):

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Jaz sem delal/delala Yas sem delal/delala I worked
Ti si delal/delala Tee see delal/delala You (singular) worked
On/ona/ono je delal/delala On/ona/ono ye delal/delala He/she/it worked
Midva/sva delala Midva/sva delala We worked (dual)
Viva/Vsi/Vse smo delali/delale Viva/Vsee/Vse smo delali/delale You (plural) worked
Oni/one/ona so delali/delale Oni/one/ona so delali/delale They worked

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs have their own unique conjugation patterns in the past tense. Let's take a look at some examples:

  • Iti (to go)
  * Jaz sem šel/šla (I went)
  * Ti si šel/šla (You went)
  * On/ona/ono je šel/šla (He/she/it went)
  * Midva/sva šla (We went)
  * Viva/Vsi/Vse smo šli/šle (You went)
  * Oni/one/ona so šli/šle (They went)
  • Videti (to see)
  * Jaz sem videl/videla (I saw)
  * Ti si videl/videla (You saw)
  * On/ona/ono je videl/videla (He/she/it saw)
  * Midva/sva videla (We saw)
  * Viva/Vsi/Vse smo videli/videla (You saw)
  * Oni/one/ona so videli/videla (They saw)

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

The past tense is used in various contexts in Slovenian culture. Slovenians take pride in their rich history and traditions, and the past tense allows them to convey stories and experiences from the past. Slovenian folk tales, historical events, and personal narratives often make use of the past tense to transport listeners or readers to a different time. Additionally, the past tense is essential when discussing Slovenian historical figures, such as the national poet France Prešeren or the national hero Primož Trubar. By understanding and using the past tense, you can engage more deeply with Slovenian culture and connect with its people on a personal level.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

To practice what you've learned so far, let's do some exercises:

1. Conjugate the verb 'igrati' (to play) in the past tense for the following subjects: 

  * Jaz (I)
  * Ti (You, singular)
  * Ona (She)
  * Mi (We, dual)
  * Vi (You, plural)
  * Oni (They)

2. Form the past active participle for the following regular verbs: 

  * Gledati (to watch)
  * Brati (to read)
  * Plesati (to dance)

3. Conjugate the irregular verb 'jesti' (to eat) in the past tense for the following subjects: 

  * Jaz (I)
  * Ti (You, singular)
  * On (He)
  * Midva (We, dual)
  * Vi (You, plural)
  * Oni (They)

Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Conjugation of 'igrati' (to play) in the past tense: 

  * Jaz sem igral/igrala (I played)
  * Ti si igral/igrala (You played)
  * Ona je igrala (She played)
  * Mi sva igrala (We played)
  * Vi ste igrali/igrale (You played)
  * Oni so igrali/igrale (They played)

2. Past active participles for the regular verbs: 

  * Gledati (to watch) - Gledal (masculine, singular), Gledala (feminine, singular), Gledalo (neuter, singular), Gledali (masculine, plural), Gledale (feminine, plural), Gledala (neuter, plural)
  * Brati (to read) - Bral (masculine, singular), Brala (feminine, singular), Bralo (neuter, singular), Brali (masculine, plural), Brale (feminine, plural), Brala (neuter, plural)
  * Plesati (to dance) - Plesal (masculine, singular), Plesala (feminine, singular), Plesalo (neuter, singular), Plesali (masculine, plural), Plesale (feminine, plural), Plesala (neuter, plural)

3. Conjugation of 'jesti' (to eat) in the past tense: 

  * Jaz sem jedel/jedla (I ate)
  * Ti si jedel/jedla (You ate)
  * On je jedel (He ate)
  * Midva sva jedla (We ate)
  * Vi ste jedli/jedle (You ate)
  * Oni so jedli/jedle (They ate)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the lesson on the past tense in Slovenian! You have learned how to form the past tense using the auxiliary verb 'biti' and past active participles. The past tense is a vital aspect of Slovenian grammar, allowing you to discuss past events and actions. By practicing the conjugation of regular and irregular verbs, you have developed a solid foundation for expressing yourself in the past tense. Keep practicing and exploring the rich cultural context in which the past tense is used, and you will continue to improve your Slovenian language skills. Good luck!

Table of Contents - Slovenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Drink


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Free Time


Slovenian Customs and Traditions



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

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