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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nouns and Pronouns → Personal Pronouns</div>
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In this lesson, you will learn about Slovenian personal pronouns, which are an essential part of the language. Pronouns are crucial in any language because they allow speakers to refer to people, objects, or concepts without always having to name them explicitly. Personal pronouns are a type of pronoun that refer to particular people or things.
In this lesson, we will focus on personal pronouns in the Slovenian language. Personal pronouns are an essential part of any language because they replace nouns and help us avoid repetition. Understanding and using personal pronouns correctly is key to effective communication in Slovenian. We will cover personal pronouns in all cases, including nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of personal pronouns and be able to use them confidently in your conversations.


## Slovenian Personal Pronouns
== Introduction ==


Slovenian personal pronouns change depending on the grammatical case they are in. A grammatical case is a form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective that indicates its function in a sentence, such as subject or object. Slovenian has six grammatical cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental. We will take a look at each of them below.
Personal pronouns are words that take the place of nouns to represent people, animals, things, or ideas. In Slovenian, personal pronouns change depending on their grammatical case and number. They can also vary depending on gender and formality. In this lesson, we will focus on singular personal pronouns in all cases. The plural forms will be covered in a later lesson.


### Nominative Case
== Nominative Case ==


The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence or a clause. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the nominative case are:
The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence. It indicates who or what is performing the action. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the nominative case:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| jaz || yahz || I / me (when emphasized)
| Jaz || yas || I
|-
|-
| ti || tee || you (informal)
| Ti || tee || you (informal)
|-
|-
| on || own || he
| On || on || he
|-
|-
| ona || ownah || she
| Ona || ona || she
|-
|-
| ono || ownoh || it
| Ono || ono || it (neuter)
|-
|-
| mi || mee || we / us (when emphasized)
| Oni || onee || they (masculine)
|-
|-
| vi || vee || you (formal)
| One || oneh || they (feminine)
|-
|-
| oni || ownee || they (male, mixed gender)
| Ona || ona || they (neuter)
|-
| one || ownay || they (female)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Genitive Case ==


* Jaz sem učiteljica. (I am a teacher.)
The genitive case is used to show possession, negation, and some prepositions. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the genitive case:
* Ti si moj prijatelj. (You are my friend.)
* On je zelo pameten. (He is very intelligent.)
* Ona ima lepo obleko. (She has a beautiful dress.)
* Ono je zeleno. (It is green.)
* Mi smo prijatelji že nekaj let. (We have been friends for a few years.)
* Vi ste zelo prijazni. (You are very kind.)
* Oni so zelo zaposleni. (They are very busy.)
 
### Genitive Case
 
The genitive case is used to indicate possession or to modify a noun. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the genitive case are:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| mene || mehneh || me / mine (when emphasized)
| Mene || meh-neh || me
|-
|-
| tebe || tehbeh || you / yours (informal)
| Tebe || teh-beh || you (informal)
|-
|-
| njega || nyegeh || him / his
| Njega || nyeh-gah || him
|-
|-
| nje || nye || her / hers
| Nje || nyeh || her
|-
|-
| njega/njegovo || nyegeh/nyegehvoh || it / its
| Njega || nyeh-gah || it (neuter)
|-
| nas || nahs || us / ours (when emphasized)
|-
| vas || vahs || you / yours (formal)
|-
| njih || nye || them / their (male, mixed gender)
|-
| njih || nye || them / their (female)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Dative Case ==


* To je moj avto. (This is my car.) --> To je avto, ki je moj. (This is a car that is mine.)
The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object of a sentence. It shows to whom or for whom something is done. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the dative case:
* Ta torba je tvoja. (This bag is yours.) --> Ta torba je tvoja. (This bag is yours.)
* To je njegov računalnik. (This is his computer.) --> To je računalnik, ki je njegov. (This is a computer that is his.)
* To je njena hiša. (This is her house.) --> To je hiša, ki je njena. (This is a house that is hers.)
* To je njegovo kolo. (This is its bike.) --> To je kolo, ki je njegovo. (This is a bike that is its.)
* To so naše knjige. (These are our books.) --> To so knjige, ki so naše. (These are books that are ours.)
* To so vaši ključi. (These are your keys.) --> To so ključi, ki so vaši. (These are keys that are yours.)
* To so njihovi avtomobili. (These are their cars.) --> To so avtomobili, ki so njihovi. (These are cars that are theirs.)
 
### Dative Case
 
The dative case is used to indicate motion to or location in a certain place. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the dative case are:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| meni || mehnee || to me / for me
| Meni || meh-nee || to me
|-
|-
| tebi || tebee || to you / for you (informal)
| Tebi || teh-bee || to you (informal)
|-
|-
| njemu || nyehmoo || to him / for him
| Njemu || nyeh-moo || to him
|-
|-
| njej || nyeay || to her / for her
| Njej || nyeh || to her
|-
|-
| njemu || nyehmoo || to it / for it
| Njemu || nyeh-moo || to it (neuter)
|-
| nam || nahm || to us / for us
|-
| vam || vahm || to you / for you (formal)
|-
| njim || nyim || to them / for them (male, mixed gender)
|-
| njim || nyim || to them / for them (female)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Accusative Case ==
 
* Pojdi k meni. (Come to me.)
* Dam ti knjigo. (I give you a book.) --> Dam knjigo tebi. (I give a book to you.)
* Povej mu resnico. (Tell him the truth.)
* Pokaži ji to mesto. (Show her this place.)
* Naloži mu hrano. (Load it with food for him.)
* Pomagajte nam. (Help us.) --> Pomagajte nam. (Help us.)
* Povabite vas brez oklevanja. (Invite you without hesitation.) --> Vas povabimo brez oklevanja. (We invite you without hesitation.)
* Sodelujemo z njimi. (We work with them.)
 
### Accusative Case


The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of a verb. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the accusative case are:
The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of a sentence. It shows who or what is receiving the action. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the accusative case:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| mene || mehneh || me
| Mene || meh-neh || me
|-
| tebe || tehbeh || you (informal)
|-
| njega || nyegeh || him
|-
| njo || nyoh || her
|-
| njega || nyegeh || it
|-
|-
| nas || nahs || us
| Tebe || teh-beh || you (informal)
|-
|-
| vas || vahs || you (formal)
| Njega || nyeh-gah || him
|-
|-
| njih || nye || them (male, mixed gender)
| Njo || nyoh || her
|-
|-
| njih || nye || them (female)
| Njega || nyeh-gah || it (neuter)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Locative Case ==
 
* Vidim te. (I see you.)
* Govorimo o njem. (We talk about him.)
* Spoznam jo na avtobusu. (I meet her on the bus.)
* Kupim ga v trgovini. (I buy it in the store.)
* Vprašamo vas nekaj. (We ask you something.)
* Vabijo nas na večerjo. (They invite us to dinner.)
* Hvala vam za pomoč. (Thank you for your help.)
* Vidim njih v parku. (I see them in the park.)
 
### Locative Case


The locative case is used to indicate location of a noun or pronoun. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the locative case are:
The locative case is used to indicate location or place. It shows where something is or where an action takes place. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the locative case:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| meni || mehnee || for me / at my place
| Meni || meh-nee || to me
|-
| tebi || tebee || for you / at your place (informal)
|-
| njemu || nyehmoo || for him / at his place
|-
| njej || nyeay || for her / at her place
|-
|-
| njemu || nyehmoo || for it / at its place
| Tebi || teh-bee || to you (informal)
|-
|-
| nam || nahm || for us / at our place
| Njem || nyem || to him
|-
|-
| vam || vahm || for you / at your place (formal)
| Njej || nyeh || to her
|-
|-
| njim || nyim || for them / at their place (male, mixed gender)
| Njem || nyem || to it (neuter)
|-
| njim || nyim || for them / at their place (female)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Instrumental Case ==


* V restavraciji sem srečal tebe. (I met you in the restaurant.)
The instrumental case is used to indicate the means or instrument by which an action is performed. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the instrumental case:
* Živim pri njem. (I live with him.)
* Grem z njo v kino. (I'm going to the movies with her.)
* To je njen dom. (This is her home.) --> To je dom, ki je njen. (This is a home that is hers.)
* Na mizi je njihova hrana. (Their food is on the table.)
* Pridite k nam. (Come to our place.)
* Hodita z vama? (Are they walking with you two?)
* Delate pri njih. (You work at their place.)
 
### Instrumental Case
 
The instrumental case is used to indicate means, tool, or other aid. In Slovenian, personal pronouns in the instrumental case are:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| z mano || z mahnoh || with me
| Z mano || z mah-no || with me
|-
|-
| s teboj || s tehboy || with you (informal)
| S tabo || s tah-bo || with you (informal)
|-
|-
| z njim || z nyehm || with him
| Z njim || z neem || with him
|-
|-
| z njo || z nyoh || with her
| Z njo || z nyoh || with her
|-
|-
| z njim || z nyehm || with it
| Z njim || z neem || with it (neuter)
|-
| z nami || z nahmee || with us
|-
| z vami || z vahmee || with you (formal)
|-
| z njimi || z nyimee || with them (male, mixed gender)
|-
| z njimi || z nyimee || with them (female)
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
== Cultural Insights ==
 
In Slovenian culture, personal pronouns play an essential role in communication. Slovenians tend to use personal pronouns more frequently than some other cultures. The use of personal pronouns can reflect the level of formality or familiarity between individuals. It is common for Slovenians to address each other using personal pronouns, even in informal settings. This practice emphasizes respect and politeness.


* Pišem s pisalom. (I write with a pen.)
Historically, Slovenian has been influenced by neighboring languages, such as German, Italian, and Hungarian. These influences have shaped the use of personal pronouns in different regions of Slovenia. For example, in some regions, the pronoun "vi" is used instead of "ti" to address someone formally or as a sign of respect. This distinction is less common in other regions, where "ti" is used for both formal and informal situations.
* Pleši z mano. (Dance with me.)
* Kličem s telefonom. (I call on the phone.)
* Koliko nadur delaš s njim? (How many hours do you work with him?)
* Igram tenis s njo. (I play tennis with her.)
* Pridite z nami. (Come with us.)
* Potujte z avtom. (Travel by car with you.)
* Gledam film z njimi. (I'm watching a movie with them.)


## Conclusion
== Exercises ==


In this lesson, we have covered the Slovenian personal pronouns in all six grammatical cases. It is
Now it's time to practice using personal pronouns in different cases. Complete the following exercises by filling in the blanks with the appropriate personal pronouns. The solutions can be found at the end of the lesson.
 
1. ____ ljubim. (I love you.)
2. ____ vidim. (I see you.)
3. On ____ pozna. (He knows you.)
4. ____ pomagam. (I help her.)
5. ____ razumem. (I understand him.)
 
== Solutions ==
 
1. Tebe ljubim.
2. Tebe vidim.
3. On te pozna.
4. Ji pomagam.
5. Ga razumem.
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Congratulations! You have successfully learned about personal pronouns in Slovenian. You now have a solid understanding of personal pronouns in all cases, including the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental. Keep practicing and using personal pronouns in your conversations to reinforce your learning. In the next lesson, we will explore possessive pronouns. Keep up the good work!
 
{{#seo:
|title=Slovenian Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns → Personal Pronouns
|keywords=Slovenian personal pronouns, Slovenian grammar, Slovenian language, Slovenian cases, personal pronouns in Slovenian
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about personal pronouns in Slovenian, including the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental cases.
}}


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==Sources==
* [https://ling-app.com/sl/slovenian-pronouns/ Easy Slovenian Pronouns: A Guide To 3+ Categories - Ling App]






==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
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* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Word-order-and-sentence-structure|Word order and sentence structure]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Word-order-and-sentence-structure|Word order and sentence structure]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-verbs-in-the-present-tense|Conjugation of verbs in the present tense]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-verbs-in-the-present-tense|Conjugation of verbs in the present tense]]


{{Slovenian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Slovenian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Singular-and-Plural-Nouns|◀️ Singular and Plural Nouns — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Possessive-Pronouns|Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 04:03, 21 June 2023

◀️ Singular and Plural Nouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️

Slovenian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Slovenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Nouns and Pronouns → Personal Pronouns

In this lesson, we will focus on personal pronouns in the Slovenian language. Personal pronouns are an essential part of any language because they replace nouns and help us avoid repetition. Understanding and using personal pronouns correctly is key to effective communication in Slovenian. We will cover personal pronouns in all cases, including nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of personal pronouns and be able to use them confidently in your conversations.

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Personal pronouns are words that take the place of nouns to represent people, animals, things, or ideas. In Slovenian, personal pronouns change depending on their grammatical case and number. They can also vary depending on gender and formality. In this lesson, we will focus on singular personal pronouns in all cases. The plural forms will be covered in a later lesson.

Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence. It indicates who or what is performing the action. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the nominative case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Jaz yas I
Ti tee you (informal)
On on he
Ona ona she
Ono ono it (neuter)
Oni onee they (masculine)
One oneh they (feminine)
Ona ona they (neuter)

Genitive Case[edit | edit source]

The genitive case is used to show possession, negation, and some prepositions. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the genitive case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Mene meh-neh me
Tebe teh-beh you (informal)
Njega nyeh-gah him
Nje nyeh her
Njega nyeh-gah it (neuter)

Dative Case[edit | edit source]

The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object of a sentence. It shows to whom or for whom something is done. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the dative case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Meni meh-nee to me
Tebi teh-bee to you (informal)
Njemu nyeh-moo to him
Njej nyeh to her
Njemu nyeh-moo to it (neuter)

Accusative Case[edit | edit source]

The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of a sentence. It shows who or what is receiving the action. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the accusative case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Mene meh-neh me
Tebe teh-beh you (informal)
Njega nyeh-gah him
Njo nyoh her
Njega nyeh-gah it (neuter)

Locative Case[edit | edit source]

The locative case is used to indicate location or place. It shows where something is or where an action takes place. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the locative case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Meni meh-nee to me
Tebi teh-bee to you (informal)
Njem nyem to him
Njej nyeh to her
Njem nyem to it (neuter)

Instrumental Case[edit | edit source]

The instrumental case is used to indicate the means or instrument by which an action is performed. Let's take a look at the singular personal pronouns in the instrumental case:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Z mano z mah-no with me
S tabo s tah-bo with you (informal)
Z njim z neem with him
Z njo z nyoh with her
Z njim z neem with it (neuter)

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

In Slovenian culture, personal pronouns play an essential role in communication. Slovenians tend to use personal pronouns more frequently than some other cultures. The use of personal pronouns can reflect the level of formality or familiarity between individuals. It is common for Slovenians to address each other using personal pronouns, even in informal settings. This practice emphasizes respect and politeness.

Historically, Slovenian has been influenced by neighboring languages, such as German, Italian, and Hungarian. These influences have shaped the use of personal pronouns in different regions of Slovenia. For example, in some regions, the pronoun "vi" is used instead of "ti" to address someone formally or as a sign of respect. This distinction is less common in other regions, where "ti" is used for both formal and informal situations.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to practice using personal pronouns in different cases. Complete the following exercises by filling in the blanks with the appropriate personal pronouns. The solutions can be found at the end of the lesson.

1. ____ ljubim. (I love you.) 2. ____ vidim. (I see you.) 3. On ____ pozna. (He knows you.) 4. ____ pomagam. (I help her.) 5. ____ razumem. (I understand him.)

Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Tebe ljubim. 2. Tebe vidim. 3. On te pozna. 4. Ji pomagam. 5. Ga razumem.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully learned about personal pronouns in Slovenian. You now have a solid understanding of personal pronouns in all cases, including the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and instrumental. Keep practicing and using personal pronouns in your conversations to reinforce your learning. In the next lesson, we will explore possessive pronouns. Keep up the good work!

Table of Contents - Slovenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Drink


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Free Time


Slovenian Customs and Traditions


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Singular and Plural Nouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Possessive Pronouns ▶️

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