Difference between revisions of "Language/Romanian/Grammar/Present-Tense-of-Verbs"

Latest revision as of 17:03, 17 June 2023

◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Numbers 1-10 ▶️

Romanian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Pronouns and Verbs → Present Tense of Verbs

In this lesson, we will delve into the present tense of verbs in Romanian. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the present tense is essential for building a strong foundation in the Romanian language. We will explore the conjugation patterns for regular verbs, as well as some irregular verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use and understand verbs in the present tense.

The Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense is used to talk about actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In Romanian, the present tense is formed by adding different endings to the verb stem. The verb stem is obtained by removing the "-a" ending from the infinitive form of the verb.

Let's take a look at the conjugation patterns for regular verbs in the present tense:

Romanian	Pronunciation	English
eu cânt	[jeu kɨnt]	I sing
tu cânti	[tu kɨnt͡sʲ]	you sing (informal)
el/ea cântă	[el/ea kɨnˈtə]	he/she sings
noi cântăm	[noj kɨnˈtəm]	we sing
voi cântați	[voj kɨnˈtat͡sʲ]	you sing (formal/plural)
ei/ele cântă	[ej/ele kɨnˈtə]	they sing

As you can see, the endings vary depending on the subject pronoun. It's important to note that the subject pronouns can often be dropped in Romanian because the verb endings already indicate the subject.

Now, let's explore the conjugation of some common regular verbs in the present tense:

Conjugation of "a cânta" (to sing)[edit | edit source]

Romanian	Pronunciation	English
eu cânt	[jeu kɨnt]	I sing
tu cânti	[tu kɨnt͡sʲ]	you sing (informal)
el/ea cântă	[el/ea kɨnˈtə]	he/she sings
noi cântăm	[noj kɨnˈtəm]	we sing
voi cântați	[voj kɨnˈtat͡sʲ]	you sing (formal/plural)
ei/ele cântă	[ej/ele kɨnˈtə]	they sing

Conjugation of "a mânca" (to eat)[edit | edit source]

Romanian	Pronunciation	English
eu mănânc	[jeu məˈnɨŋk]	I eat
tu mănânci	[tu məˈnɨŋkʲ]	you eat (informal)
el/ea mănâncă	[el/ea məˈnɨŋkə]	he/she eats
noi mâncăm	[noj mənˈkəm]	we eat
voi mâncați	[voj mənˈkat͡sʲ]	you eat (formal/plural)
ei/ele mănâncă	[ej/ele məˈnɨŋkə]	they eat

Conjugation of "a dormi" (to sleep)[edit | edit source]

Romanian	Pronunciation	English
eu dorm	[jeu dorm]	I sleep
tu dormi	[tu ˈdormʲ]	you sleep (informal)
el/ea doarme	[el/ea ˈdo̯ar͡me]	he/she sleeps
noi dormim	[noj dorˈmim]	we sleep
voi dormiți	[voj dorˈmit͡sʲ]	you sleep (formal/plural)
ei/ele dorm	[ej/ele dorm]	they sleep

Regional Variations[edit | edit source]

While the present tense conjugation patterns remain fairly consistent across the regions of Romania, there are some variations in the usage of certain verbs. For example, in some regions, the verb "a merge" (to go) is conjugated as "eu merg" instead of "eu merg" in the present tense. Similarly, the verb "a face" (to do/make) is sometimes conjugated as "eu fac" instead of "eu fac" in certain regions.

These regional variations add color and diversity to the Romanian language, reflecting the rich cultural tapestry of the country.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

Romanian culture is deeply rooted in history and tradition. The language itself reflects this cultural heritage, with many words and phrases carrying historical significance. For example, Romanian has borrowed words from Latin, as well as from neighboring languages such as Turkish, Greek, and Slavic languages.

Romania is known for its picturesque landscapes, including the Carpathian Mountains and the Danube Delta. The country is also famous for its folklore, which is often showcased through traditional music and dance. Romanian cuisine is diverse and influenced by various cultures, with dishes like sarmale (cabbage rolls) and mămăligă (polenta) being popular staples.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice! Complete the following exercises to reinforce what you've learned:

Exercise 1: Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:

1. a vorbi (to speak) 2. a citi (to read) 3. a lucra (to work) 4. a iubi (to love) 5. a vedea (to see)

Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into Romanian:

1. I eat breakfast every day. 2. They sing beautifully. 3. Do you speak Romanian? 4. We love this city. 5. She works in a hospital.

Exercise 1 Solution:

1. eu vorbesc

  tu vorbești
  el/ea vorbește
  noi vorbim
  voi vorbiți
  ei/ele vorbesc

2. eu citesc

  tu citești
  el/ea citește
  noi citim
  voi citiți
  ei/ele citesc

3. eu lucrez

  tu lucrezi
  el/ea lucrează
  noi lucrăm
  voi lucrați
  ei/ele lucrează

4. eu iubesc

  tu iubești
  el/ea iubește
  noi iubim
  voi iubiți
  ei/ele iubesc

5. eu văd

  tu vezi
  el/ea vede
  noi vedem
  voi vedeți
  ei/ele văd

Exercise 2 Solution:

1. Mănânc micul dejun în fiecare zi. 2. Ei cântă frumos. 3. Vorbești românește? 4. Iubim acest oraș. 5. Ea lucrează într-un spital.

Congratulations! You have completed the practice exercises!

Table of Contents - Romanian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Pronouns and Verbs

Numbers and Time

Adjectives and Adverbs

Family and Friends

Prepositions and Conjunctions

Food and Drinks

Questions and Negations

Locations and Directions

Plurals and Articles

Hobbies and Activities

Romanian Culture and Traditions

Imperatives and Requests

Travel and Transportation

Romanian Geography and History

Videos[edit | edit source]

Learn Romanian with Nico - Present Tense (1st Conj. without infix ...[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Numbers 1-10 ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Romanian/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-10|Next Lesson — Numbers 1-10 ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Romanian-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Romanian|Romanian]]  → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Pronouns and Verbs → Present Tense of Verbs</div>
 __TOC__
-As a Romanian language teacher for the past 20 years, I have helped many students master the basics of Romanian grammar. In this lesson, we will focus on the present tense of regular Romanian verbs. This is an essential topic for beginners who wish to master the basics of the Romanian language. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense and use them in simple sentences.
+In this lesson, we will delve into the present tense of verbs in Romanian. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the present tense is essential for building a strong foundation in the Romanian language. We will explore the conjugation patterns for regular verbs, as well as some irregular verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use and understand verbs in the present tense.
-== Present Tense of Verbs ==
-The present tense in Romanian indicates an action that is happening now, at this moment. It is formed by adding specific endings to the infinitive form of the verb. Let's take a look at how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense:
+== The Present Tense ==
-=== First conjugation ===
+The present tense is used to talk about actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In Romanian, the present tense is formed by adding different endings to the verb stem. The verb stem is obtained by removing the "-a" ending from the infinitive form of the verb.
-The first conjugation of verbs includes all the verbs that have the infinitive form ending in "-a". Let's take the verb "a cânta" (to sing) as an example:
+Let's take a look at the conjugation patterns for regular verbs in the present tense:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| a cânta || a KAN-ta || to sing
+| eu cânt  || [jeu kɨnt] || I sing
+|-
+| tu cânti  || [tu kɨnt͡sʲ] || you sing (informal)
+|-
+| el/ea cântă  || [el/ea kɨnˈtə] || he/she sings
+|-
+| noi cântăm  || [noj kɨnˈtəm] || we sing
+|-
+| voi cântați  || [voj kɨnˈtat͡sʲ] || you sing (formal/plural)
+|-
+| ei/ele cântă  || [ej/ele kɨnˈtə] || they sing
 |}
-To conjugate this verb in the present tense, we simply remove the "-a" ending and add the following endings:
+As you can see, the endings vary depending on the subject pronoun. It's important to note that the subject pronouns can often be dropped in Romanian because the verb endings already indicate the subject.
+Now, let's explore the conjugation of some common regular verbs in the present tense:
+=== Conjugation of "a cânta" (to sing) ===
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| eu cânt || yoo KANT || I sing
+| eu cânt  || [jeu kɨnt] || I sing
 |-
-| tu cânti || too KANTs || you sing (informal)
+| tu cânti  || [tu kɨnt͡sʲ] || you sing (informal)
 |-
-| el/ea cântă || el/ea KAN-tuh || he/she sings
+| el/ea cântă  || [el/ea kɨnˈtə] || he/she sings
 |-
-| noi cântăm || noy KAN-tuhm || we sing
+| noi cântăm  || [noj kɨnˈtəm] || we sing
 |-
-| voi cântați || voy KAN-tahts || you sing (plural/formal)
+| voi cântați  || [voj kɨnˈtat͡sʲ] || you sing (formal/plural)
 |-
-| ei/ele cântă || ey/E-le KAN-tuh || they sing
+| ei/ele cântă  || [ej/ele kɨnˈtə] || they sing
 |}
-Here are a few examples using "a cânta" in simple sentences:
+=== Conjugation of "a mânca" (to eat) ===
-* Eu cânt la pian. (I am singing at the piano).
-* Tu cânti bine. (You sing well).
-* El cântă la chitară. (He plays the guitar).
-* Noi cântăm împreună. (We are singing together).
-* Voi cântați frumos. (You sing beautifully).
-* Ele cântă în cor. (They sing in a choir).
-Remember to pay attention to the special characters when pronouncing the verbs in Romanian, such as "ț" and "ș".
-=== Second conjugation ===
-The second conjugation of verbs includes all the verbs that have the infinitive form ending in "-e". Let's take the verb "a merge" (to go) as an example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| a merge || a MER-je || to go
+| eu mănânc  || [jeu məˈnɨŋk] || I eat
+|-
+| tu mănânci  || [tu məˈnɨŋkʲ] || you eat (informal)
+|-
+| el/ea mănâncă  || [el/ea məˈnɨŋkə] || he/she eats
+|-
+| noi mâncăm  || [noj mənˈkəm] || we eat
+|-
+| voi mâncați  || [voj mənˈkat͡sʲ] || you eat (formal/plural)
+|-
+| ei/ele mănâncă  || [ej/ele məˈnɨŋkə] || they eat
 |}
-To conjugate this verb in the present tense, we simply remove the "-e" ending and add the following endings:
+=== Conjugation of "a dormi" (to sleep) ===
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| eu merg || yoo MERC || I go
+| eu dorm  || [jeu dorm] || I sleep
 |-
-| tu mergi || too MER-jee || you go (informal)
+| tu dormi  || [tu ˈdormʲ] || you sleep (informal)
 |-
-| el/ea merge || el/ea MER-je || he/she goes
+| el/ea doarme  || [el/ea ˈdo̯ar͡me] || he/she sleeps
 |-
-| noi mergem || noy MER-jem || we go
+| noi dormim  || [noj dorˈmim] || we sleep
 |-
-| voi mergeți || voy MER-jehts || you go (plural/formal)
+| voi dormiți  || [voj dorˈmit͡sʲ] || you sleep (formal/plural)
 |-
-| ei/ele merg || ey/E-le MERC || they go
+| ei/ele dorm  || [ej/ele dorm] || they sleep
 |}
-Here are a few examples using "a merge" in simple sentences:
+== Regional Variations ==
+While the present tense conjugation patterns remain fairly consistent across the regions of Romania, there are some variations in the usage of certain verbs. For example, in some regions, the verb "a merge" (to go) is conjugated as "eu merg" instead of "eu merg" in the present tense. Similarly, the verb "a face" (to do/make) is sometimes conjugated as "eu fac" instead of "eu fac" in certain regions.
+These regional variations add color and diversity to the Romanian language, reflecting the rich cultural tapestry of the country.
+== Cultural Insights ==
+Romanian culture is deeply rooted in history and tradition. The language itself reflects this cultural heritage, with many words and phrases carrying historical significance. For example, Romanian has borrowed words from Latin, as well as from neighboring languages such as Turkish, Greek, and Slavic languages.
+Romania is known for its picturesque landscapes, including the Carpathian Mountains and the Danube Delta. The country is also famous for its folklore, which is often showcased through traditional music and dance. Romanian cuisine is diverse and influenced by various cultures, with dishes like sarmale (cabbage rolls) and mămăligă (polenta) being popular staples.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice! Complete the following exercises to reinforce what you've learned:
+Exercise 1: Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:
+. a vorbi (to speak)
+. a citi (to read)
+. a lucra (to work)
+. a iubi (to love)
+. a vedea (to see)
+Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into Romanian:
-* Eu merg la cinema. (I am going to the cinema).
+. I eat breakfast every day.
-* Tu mergi la magazin. (You go to the store).
+. They sing beautifully.
-* El merge la muncă. (He goes to work).
+. Do you speak Romanian?
-* Noi mergem la plajă. (We go to the beach).
+. We love this city.
-* Voi mergeți la teatru. (You go to the theater).
+. She works in a hospital.
-* Ele merg la școală. (They go to school).
-=== Third conjugation ===
+Exercise 1 Solution:
-The third conjugation of verbs includes all the verbs that have the infinitive form ending in "-ește" or "-ie". Let's take the verb "a trăi" (to live) as an example:
+. eu vorbesc
+   tu vorbești
+   el/ea vorbește
+   noi vorbim
+   voi vorbiți
+   ei/ele vorbesc
-{| class="wikitable"
+. eu citesc
-! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
+   tu citești
-|-
+   el/ea citește
-| a trăi || a TRA-ee || to live
+   noi citim
-|}
+   voi citiți
+   ei/ele citesc
-To conjugate this verb in the present tense, we simply remove the "-ește" or "-ie" ending and add the following endings:
+. eu lucrez
+   tu lucrezi
+   el/ea lucrează
+   noi lucrăm
+   voi lucrați
+   ei/ele lucrează
-{| class="wikitable"
+. eu iubesc
-! Romanian !! Pronunciation !! English
+   tu iubești
-|-
+   el/ea iubește
-| eu trăiesc || yoo TRAI-yesk || I live
+   noi iubim
-|-
+   voi iubiți
-| tu trăiești || too TRAI-esht || you live (informal)
+   ei/ele iubesc
-|-
-| el/ea trăiește || el/ea TRAI-eshteh || he/she lives
-|-
-| noi trăim || noy TRAI-m || we live
-|-
-| voi trăiți || voy TRAI-tz || you live (plural/formal)
-|-
-| ei/ele trăiesc || ey/E-le TRAI-yesk || they live
-|}
-Here are a few examples using "a trăi" in simple sentences:
+. eu văd
+   tu vezi
+   el/ea vede
+   noi vedem
+   voi vedeți
+   ei/ele văd
-* Eu trăiesc în București. (I live in Bucharest).
+Exercise 2 Solution:
-* Tu trăiești bine. (You live well).
-* El trăiește singur. (He lives alone).
-* Noi trăim fericit. (We live happily).
-* Voi trăiți într-un oraș mare. (You live in a big city).
-* Ele trăiesc cu familia. (They live with their family).
-== Conclusion ==
+. Mănânc micul dejun în fiecare zi.
+. Ei cântă frumos.
+. Vorbești românește?
+. Iubim acest oraș.
+. Ea lucrează într-un spital.
-In this lesson, we have learned how to conjugate regular Romanian verbs in the present tense. Remember to practice these conjugations to get a better understanding of how to use them in simple sentences. With time and practice, you will be able to master the basics of Romanian grammar and use the language in everyday situations.
+Congratulations! You have completed the practice exercises!
 {{#seo:
-|title=Romanian Grammar: Present Tense of Verbs
+|title=Romanian Grammar → Pronouns and Verbs → Present Tense of Verbs
-|keywords=Romanian grammar, present tense, verbs, Romanian language course
+|keywords=Romanian, present tense, Romanian verbs, conjugation, regular verbs, Romanian culture
-|description=Beginner level lesson on the present tense of regular Romanian verbs. Learn how to conjugate them and use them in simple sentences.}}
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate regular Romanian verbs in the present tense. Explore the conjugation patterns, regional variations, and cultural insights related to the present tense of verbs. Practice exercises are included to reinforce your learning.
+}}
 {{Romanian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
@@ Line 141: / Line 185: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Romanian-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Videos==
+===Learn Romanian with Nico - Present Tense (1st Conj. without infix ...===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISgISTroqDo</youtube>
+==Sources==
+* [https://www.romania-insider.com/romanian-language-lesson-the-present-indicative-of-the-verbs-in-a-1st-conjugation Romanian language lesson: The Present Indicative of the verbs in -a ...]
+* [https://fastlanguagemastery.com/learn-foreign-languages/romanian-language-lessons/romanian-verbs-in-present-tense/ Romanian verbs in present tense – Fast Language Mastery]
+* [https://www.romanianpod101.com/blog/2020/10/05/romanian-conjugations/ A Beginner-Friendly Guide to Romanian Verb Conjugation]
-==Videos==
-===Learn Romanian with Nico - Present Tense (1st Conj. without infix ...===
+==Other Lessons==
-<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISgISTroqDo</youtube>
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Verb-to-be-with-names-and-places|Verb to be with names and places]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Participles-and-Gerunds|Participles and Gerunds]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Past-and-Future-Tenses|Past and Future Tenses]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Imperative-Form|Imperative Form]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/How-to-use-¨can¨-in-Romanian|How to use ¨can¨ in Romanian]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Polite-Requests|Polite Requests]]
+* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
 {{Romanian-Page-Bottom}}
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Romanian/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-10|Next Lesson — Numbers 1-10 ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>