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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/German|German]]  → [[Language/German/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/German/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verb Forms</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">German Grammar → Verbs and Conjugation → Verb Forms</div>
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As a German language teacher with 20 years of experience, I can say that understanding verb forms is crucial for mastering the German language. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs, and you will gain a deeper understanding of how verb forms work in German.
== Introduction ==
 
In this lesson, we will delve into the fascinating world of German verb forms. Verbs are an essential part of any language, and mastering their forms is crucial for effective communication. Understanding how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs will allow you to express yourself accurately and confidently in German. So, let's dive in and explore the various verb forms in the German language!


== Regular Verbs ==
== Regular Verb Conjugation ==


In German, regular verbs follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. Here is an example using the verb "spielen", which means "to play":
Regular verbs in German follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. By understanding the rules and patterns, you will be able to conjugate regular verbs in all their forms. In the present tense, regular verbs follow the same conjugation pattern for all pronouns. Let's take a look at an example using the verb "spielen" (to play):


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ich || spiele
| ich spiele || ɪç ʃpiːlə || I play
|-
|-
| du || spielst
| du spielst || duː ʃpiːlst || you play (informal)
|-
|-
| er/sie/es || spielt
| er/sie/es spielt || ɛɐ ziː ɛs ʃpiːlt || he/she/it plays
|-
|-
| wir || spielen
| wir spielen || viːɐ ʃpiːlən || we play
|-
|-
| ihr || spielt
| ihr spielt || iːɐ ʃpiːlt || you play (plural informal)
|-
|-
| sie/Sie || spielen
| sie spielen || ziː ʃpiːlən || they play
|}
|}


As you can see, regular verbs in German follow a pattern based on the subject pronoun. Note that the infinitive form of the verb ends in "-en", and that the stem of the verb is "spiel-". The endings are then added to the stem based on the subject pronoun.
As you can see, the verb "spielen" follows a consistent pattern, with the verb stem "spiel" and the appropriate ending for each pronoun. This pattern remains the same for all regular verbs in German.


Here are a few more examples of regular verbs in German:
To form the past tense of regular verbs, you simply add the prefix "ge-" to the verb stem and the appropriate ending. Let's use the verb "arbeiten" (to work) as an example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| tanzen || /ˈtant͡sn̩/ || to dance
| ich habe gearbeitet || ɪç hɑːbə ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || I worked
|-
| du hast gearbeitet || duː hɑːst ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || you worked (informal)
|-
| er/sie/es hat gearbeitet || ɛɐ ziː ɛs hɑːt ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || he/she/it worked
|-
|-
| lernen || /ˈlɛʁnən/ || to learn
| wir haben gearbeitet || viːɐ ˈhaːbən ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || we worked
|-
|-
| arbeiten || /ˈaʁbaɪtn̩/ || to work
| ihr habt gearbeitet || iːɐ hɑːpt ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || you worked (plural informal)
|-
| sie haben gearbeitet || ziː ˈhaːbən ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət || they worked
|}
|}


Remember, to conjugate a regular verb in German, just add the appropriate ending to the stem of the verb based on the subject pronoun.
Once again, the pattern for regular verbs remains consistent, making it easier for you to conjugate them accurately.
 
== Irregular Verb Conjugation ==


== Irregular Verbs ==
While regular verbs follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs in German have unique conjugation forms that do not adhere to a specific pattern. These verbs require additional attention and practice to memorize their various forms. Let's explore some examples of irregular verb conjugation.


Irregular verbs in German do not follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. Here is an example using the verb "sein", which means "to be":
One common irregular verb is "sein" (to be). Here is its conjugation in the present tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ich || bin
| ich bin || ɪç bɪn || I am
|-
|-
| du || bist
| du bist || duː bɪst || you are (informal)
|-
|-
| er/sie/es || ist
| er/sie/es ist || ɛɐ ziː ɛs ɪst || he/she/it is
|-
|-
| wir || sind
| wir sind || viːɐ zɪnt || we are
|-
|-
| ihr || seid
| ihr seid || iːɐ zaɪt || you are (plural informal)
|-
|-
| sie/Sie || sind
| sie sind || ziː zɪnt || they are
|}
|}


As you can see, irregular verbs in German are not as straightforward as regular verbs. It is important to memorize the conjugations of irregular verbs in order to use them correctly in sentences. Here are a few more examples of irregular verbs in German:
As you can see, the verb "sein" has unique forms for each pronoun, which you will need to memorize.
 
Another irregular verb is "haben" (to have). Here is its conjugation in the present tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| haben || /ˈhaːbn̩/ || to have
| ich habe || ɪç hɑːbə || I have
|-
| werden || /ˈvɛʁdn̩/ || to become
|-
| wissen || /ˈvɪsən/ || to know (a fact)
|}
 
== Stem-Vowel Changing Verbs ==
 
There is a small group of verbs in German that undergo a stem-vowel change when conjugated. Here is an example using the verb "fahren", which means "to drive":
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
|-
| ich || fahre
|-
|-
| du || fährst
| du hast || duː hɑːst || you have (informal)
|-
|-
| er/sie/es || fährt
| er/sie/es hat || ɛɐ ziː ɛs hɑːt || he/she/it has
|-
|-
| wir || fahren
| wir haben || viːɐ ˈhaːbən || we have
|-
|-
| ihr || fahrt
| ihr habt || iːɐ hɑːpt || you have (plural informal)
|-
|-
| sie/Sie || fahren
| sie haben || ziː ˈhaːbən || they have
|}
|}


As you can see, the stem-vowel changes from "fahr-" to "fähr-" in the second and third person singular. Here are a few more examples of stem-vowel changing verbs in German:
Irregular verbs in German can have different patterns and forms, so it's essential to familiarize yourself with them individually.


{| class="wikitable"
== Separable Verbs ==
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| tragen || /ˈtʁaːɡən/ || to carry
|-
| essen || /ˈɛsn̩/ || to eat
|-
| lesen || /ˈleːzn̩/ || to read
|}


== Separable Verbs ==
In addition to regular and irregular verbs, German also has separable verbs. These verbs consist of a prefix and a verb stem, which are separated in certain sentence structures. Understanding how to use separable verbs correctly is crucial for fluent German communication.


Another unique aspect of verb forms in German is separable verbs. Separable verbs consist of a prefix and a stem. In the present tense, the prefix is separated from the stem and placed at the end of the sentence. Here is an example using the separable verb "einkaufen", which means "to shop":
Let's take a look at an example with the separable verb "anrufen" (to call):


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Conjugation
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ich || kaufe ein
|-
| du || kaufst ein
|-
| er/sie/es || kauft ein
|-
|-
| wir || kaufen ein
| ich rufe an || ɪç ˈʁuːfə an || I call
|-
|-
| ihr || kauft ein
| du rufst an || duː ˈʁuːfst an || you call (informal)
|-
|-
| sie/Sie || kaufen ein
| er/sie/es ruft an || ɛɐ ziː ɛs ˈʁuːft an || he/she/it calls
|}
 
As you can see, in the present tense, the prefix "ein-" is separated from the stem "kaufen" and placed at the end of the sentence. Here are a few more examples of separable verbs in German:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| aufstehen || /ˈaʊfʃteːən/ || to get up
| wir rufen an || viːɐ ˈʁuːfən an || we call
|-
|-
| anfangen || /ˈʔanˌfanɡən/ || to begin
| ihr ruft an || iːɐ ˈʁuːft an || you call (plural informal)
|-
|-
| abfahren || /ˈapˌfaːʁən/ || to depart
| sie rufen an || ziː ˈʁuːfən an || they call
|}
|}


Verb forms in German can be tricky, but with practice, you can gain a deeper understanding of how they work. Keep in mind that regular verbs follow a predictable pattern, irregular verbs must be memorized, stem-vowel changing verbs undergo a stem-vowel change, and separable verbs are separated in the present tense. Keep practicing, and you'll be conjugating verbs like a pro in no time!
As you can see, the prefix "an-" is separated from the verb stem "rufen" and placed at the end of the sentence.


== Sources ==
== Conclusion ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_verb_conjugation German verb conjugation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_verbs German verbs]


Congratulations! You have now explored the world of German verb forms, including regular and irregular verbs. Understanding how to conjugate verbs correctly is essential for effective communication in German. Remember to practice regularly and familiarize yourself with the various forms of verbs. In the next lesson, we will delve into the present tense and learn how to use it in common situations. Bis bald! (See you soon!)


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|title=German Grammar → Verb Forms
|keywords=German grammar, verb forms, regular verbs, irregular verbs, stem-vowel changing verbs, separable verbs
|keywords=German, grammar, verb forms, regular verbs, irregular verbs, separable verbs, conjugation
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in German, and gain a deeper understanding of how verb forms work in the German language.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about verb forms in German, including regular and irregular verbs, as well as separable verbs. Understanding how to conjugate verbs correctly is essential for effective communication in German.
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[[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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==Related Lessons==
 
==Sources==
* [https://preply.com/en/blog/german-verb-conjugation-rules/ German Verb Conjugation Rules: Your Simple Guide]
* [https://conjugator.reverso.net/conjugation-german.html German verb Conjugation: modal verbs, present, future, conjugation ...]
* [https://www.verbformen.com/conjugation/ Conjugation of German verbs - All forms with examples and rules ...]
 
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Using-Time-Expressions|Using Time Expressions]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Using-Time-Expressions|Using Time Expressions]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
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* [[Language/German/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Forms|Comparative and Superlative Forms]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Forms|Comparative and Superlative Forms]]


{{German-Page-Bottom}}
{{German-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/German/Vocabulary/Telling-Time|◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/German/Grammar/Present-Tense|Next Lesson — Present Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 08:00, 17 June 2023

◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Present Tense ▶️

German-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg
German → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verb Forms

Introduction[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we will delve into the fascinating world of German verb forms. Verbs are an essential part of any language, and mastering their forms is crucial for effective communication. Understanding how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs will allow you to express yourself accurately and confidently in German. So, let's dive in and explore the various verb forms in the German language!

Regular Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in German follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. By understanding the rules and patterns, you will be able to conjugate regular verbs in all their forms. In the present tense, regular verbs follow the same conjugation pattern for all pronouns. Let's take a look at an example using the verb "spielen" (to play):

German Pronunciation English
ich spiele ɪç ʃpiːlə I play
du spielst duː ʃpiːlst you play (informal)
er/sie/es spielt ɛɐ ziː ɛs ʃpiːlt he/she/it plays
wir spielen viːɐ ʃpiːlən we play
ihr spielt iːɐ ʃpiːlt you play (plural informal)
sie spielen ziː ʃpiːlən they play

As you can see, the verb "spielen" follows a consistent pattern, with the verb stem "spiel" and the appropriate ending for each pronoun. This pattern remains the same for all regular verbs in German.

To form the past tense of regular verbs, you simply add the prefix "ge-" to the verb stem and the appropriate ending. Let's use the verb "arbeiten" (to work) as an example:

German Pronunciation English
ich habe gearbeitet ɪç hɑːbə ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət I worked
du hast gearbeitet duː hɑːst ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət you worked (informal)
er/sie/es hat gearbeitet ɛɐ ziː ɛs hɑːt ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət he/she/it worked
wir haben gearbeitet viːɐ ˈhaːbən ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət we worked
ihr habt gearbeitet iːɐ hɑːpt ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət you worked (plural informal)
sie haben gearbeitet ziː ˈhaːbən ɡəˈaɐbaɪtət they worked

Once again, the pattern for regular verbs remains consistent, making it easier for you to conjugate them accurately.

Irregular Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]

While regular verbs follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs in German have unique conjugation forms that do not adhere to a specific pattern. These verbs require additional attention and practice to memorize their various forms. Let's explore some examples of irregular verb conjugation.

One common irregular verb is "sein" (to be). Here is its conjugation in the present tense:

German Pronunciation English
ich bin ɪç bɪn I am
du bist duː bɪst you are (informal)
er/sie/es ist ɛɐ ziː ɛs ɪst he/she/it is
wir sind viːɐ zɪnt we are
ihr seid iːɐ zaɪt you are (plural informal)
sie sind ziː zɪnt they are

As you can see, the verb "sein" has unique forms for each pronoun, which you will need to memorize.

Another irregular verb is "haben" (to have). Here is its conjugation in the present tense:

German Pronunciation English
ich habe ɪç hɑːbə I have
du hast duː hɑːst you have (informal)
er/sie/es hat ɛɐ ziː ɛs hɑːt he/she/it has
wir haben viːɐ ˈhaːbən we have
ihr habt iːɐ hɑːpt you have (plural informal)
sie haben ziː ˈhaːbən they have

Irregular verbs in German can have different patterns and forms, so it's essential to familiarize yourself with them individually.

Separable Verbs[edit | edit source]

In addition to regular and irregular verbs, German also has separable verbs. These verbs consist of a prefix and a verb stem, which are separated in certain sentence structures. Understanding how to use separable verbs correctly is crucial for fluent German communication.

Let's take a look at an example with the separable verb "anrufen" (to call):

German Pronunciation English
ich rufe an ɪç ˈʁuːfə an I call
du rufst an duː ˈʁuːfst an you call (informal)
er/sie/es ruft an ɛɐ ziː ɛs ˈʁuːft an he/she/it calls
wir rufen an viːɐ ˈʁuːfən an we call
ihr ruft an iːɐ ˈʁuːft an you call (plural informal)
sie rufen an ziː ˈʁuːfən an they call

As you can see, the prefix "an-" is separated from the verb stem "rufen" and placed at the end of the sentence.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have now explored the world of German verb forms, including regular and irregular verbs. Understanding how to conjugate verbs correctly is essential for effective communication in German. Remember to practice regularly and familiarize yourself with the various forms of verbs. In the next lesson, we will delve into the present tense and learn how to use it in common situations. Bis bald! (See you soon!)

Table of Contents - German Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Basic Sentence Structures


Greetings and Introduction


Definite and Indefinite Articles


Numbers, Dates and Time


Verbs and Conjugation


Family and Friends


Prepositions


Food and Drinks


Germany and German-Speaking Countries


Pronouns and Possessives


Travel and Transportation


Modal Verbs


Shopping and Clothes


Music and Entertainment


Adjectives


Health and Body


Time and Temporal Prepositions

Videos[edit | edit source]

Learn German for beginners A1 - Verb Conjugation (Part 1) - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Learn German for beginners A1 - Verb Conjugation (Part 2) - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Present Tense ▶️

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