Difference between revisions of "Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials"
< Language | Russian | Vocabulary
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
About Blank (talk | contribs) |
About Blank (talk | contribs) |
||
(22 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Материа́лы - | <div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div> | ||
{{Russian-flag}} | |||
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it. | In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it. | ||
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small> | |||
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Russian (а-я) | !Russian | ||
!Pronunciation | (а-я) | ||
!Pronunciation | |||
(like English) | |||
!English | !English | ||
!Examples with adjectives | !Examples with adjectives | ||
|- | |- | ||
|аллюми́ний (m) | |аллюми́ний (m) | ||
| | |al-you-m'''е́'''-niy | ||
|aluminum | |aluminum | ||
| | |Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink | ||
|- | |- | ||
|бери́ллий (m) | |бери́ллий (m) | ||
| | |be-ree-liy | ||
|beryllium | |beryllium | ||
| | |Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy | ||
|- | |- | ||
|бронза (f) | |бронза (f) | ||
| | |brо́n-zah | ||
|bronze | |bronze | ||
| | |Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument | ||
|- | |- | ||
|зо́лото (n) | |зо́лото (n) | ||
|zо́h l'''a''' | |zо́h-l'''a'''ter | ||
|gold | |gold | ||
|Золот''' | |Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|желе́зо (n) | |желе́зо (n) | ||
| | |jee-lе́-z'''a'''h | ||
|iron, ferrum | |iron, ferrum | ||
| | |Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|лату́нь (f) | |лату́нь (f) | ||
| | |la-tune | ||
|brass | |brass | ||
| | |Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ли́тий (m) | |ли́тий (m) | ||
| | |lee-tiy | ||
|lithium | |lithium | ||
| | |Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ма́гний (m) | |ма́гний (m) | ||
| | |mug-niy | ||
|magnesium | |magnesium | ||
| | |Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt | ||
|- | |- | ||
|медь (f) | |медь (f) | ||
|medi | |medi | ||
|copper, cuprum | |copper, cuprum | ||
| | |Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ни́кель (f) | |ни́кель (f) | ||
| | |knee-keel | ||
|nickel | |nickel | ||
| | |Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware | ||
|- | |||
|о́лово (n) | |||
|all-love-oh | |||
|tin | |||
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder | |||
|- | |- | ||
|пла́тина (f) | |пла́тина (f) | ||
|plа́h | |plа́h-tee-nah | ||
|platinum | |platinum | ||
| | |Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ртуть (f) | |ртуть (f) | ||
| | |rr-tute | ||
|mercury, quicksilver | |mercury, quicksilver | ||
| | |Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer | ||
|- | |||
|свине́ц (m) | |||
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts | |||
|lead, plumbum | |||
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet | |||
|- | |- | ||
|серебро́ (n) | |серебро́ (n) | ||
|se r''' | |se-r'''ee'''-brо́ | ||
|silver | |silver | ||
| | |Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain | ||
|- | |- | ||
|сплав (m) | |сплав (m) | ||
| | |sp-love (v='''f''') | ||
|alloy, alligation | |alloy, alligation | ||
| | |Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy | ||
|- | |- | ||
|сталь (f) | |сталь (f) | ||
| | |style | ||
|steel | |steel | ||
| | |Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel | ||
|- | |- | ||
|тита́н (m) | |тита́н (m) | ||
| | |tee-tun | ||
|titanium | |titanium | ||
| | |Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore | ||
|- | |- | ||
|хром (m) | |хром (m) | ||
| | |chrome | ||
|chrome, chromium | |chrome, chromium | ||
| | |Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine | ||
|- | |- | ||
|чугу́н (m) | |чугу́н (m) | ||
| | |chew-goon | ||
|cast (crude) iron | |cast (crude) iron | ||
| | |Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|цинк (m) | |цинк (m) | ||
| | |zynk | ||
|zinc | |zinc | ||
| | |Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin | ||
|} | |||
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Russian (а-я) | |||
!Pronunciation | |||
(like English) | |||
!English | |||
!Examples with adjectives | |||
!Some verbs from these nouns | |||
|- | |||
|бето́н (m) | |||
|b'''ee'''-tо́n | |||
|concrete | |||
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall | |||
|бетони́ровать - to concrete | |||
|- | |||
|бума́га (f) | |||
|boo-mа́h-gah | |||
|paper | |||
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|гра́вий (m) | |||
|grа́h-wey | |||
|gravel | |||
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|грани́т (m) | |||
|grah-nit | |||
|granite | |||
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|де́рево (n) | |||
|dе́-ree-wow | |||
|wood | |||
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole | |||
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen | |||
|- | |||
|ка́мень (m) | |||
|come-in | |||
|stone | |||
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement | |||
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively) | |||
|- | |||
|кера́мика (f) | |||
|cerami-kah | |||
|ceramics | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|обо́и (pl) | |||
|oh-boy | |||
|wallpaper | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|песо́к (m) | |||
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck | |||
|sand | |||
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but | |||
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach | |||
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) - | |||
to chew someone out | |||
|- | |||
|пла́стик (m) | |||
|plas-tik | |||
|plastic | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|рези́на (f) | |||
|r'''ee'''-see-nah | |||
|rubber | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|стекло́ (n) | |||
|st'''ee'''k-loh | |||
|glass | |||
| | |||
|остекли́ть - to glaze | |||
|- | |||
|тексти́ль (m) | |||
|tex-teel | |||
|textile | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|цеме́нт (m) | |||
|z'''y'''-mе́nt | |||
|cement | |||
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend | |||
|цементи́ровать - to cement | |||
|- | |||
|ще́бень (m) | |||
|schе́-b'''ee'''n | |||
|rubble | |||
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Russian (а-я) | |||
!Pronunciation | |||
(like English) | |||
!English | |||
|- | |||
|болт (m) | |||
|bolt | |||
|screw | |||
|- | |||
|винт (m) | |||
|vint | |||
|screw | |||
|- | |||
|га́йка (f) | |||
|guy-kah | |||
|nut | |||
|- | |||
|гвоздь (m) | |||
|gwozdi | |||
|nail | |||
|- | |||
|зажи́м (m) | |||
|zah-gym | |||
|clamp | |||
|- | |||
|заклёпка (f) | |||
|zack-lyop-kah | |||
|rivet | |||
|- | |||
|клин (m) | |||
|clean | |||
|wedge, shim | |||
|- | |||
|кольцо (n) | |||
|call-zoh | |||
|ring | |||
|- | |||
|конфирмат(m) | |||
|confirmate | |||
|confirmate | |||
|- | |||
|прокла́дка (f) | |||
|proh-lad-kah | |||
|gasket, spacer | |||
|- | |||
|распо́рка (f) | |||
|rasp-ork-ah | |||
|spacer, strut | |||
|- | |||
|скоба́ (f) | |||
|scow-bah | |||
|bracket, brace | |||
|- | |||
|стяжка (f) | |||
|stage-kah | |||
|coupler | |||
|- | |||
|хомут (m) | |||
|home-oot | |||
|clamp, buckle | |||
|- | |||
|ша́йба (f) | |||
|shy-bah | |||
|washer | |||
|- | |||
|шуру́п (m) | |||
|sure-roop | |||
|screw | |||
|- | |||
|шпи́лька (f) | |||
|speal-kah | |||
|stud | |||
|} | |||
== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!Russian (а-я) | |||
!Pronunciation | |||
(like English) | |||
!English | |||
!Examples | |||
|- | |||
|грат (m single only) | |||
|grat | |||
|grat, burr | |||
|Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product | |||
|- | |||
|му́сор (m single only) | |||
|mо́о́-sor | |||
|garbage, trash | |||
|Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house | |||
|- | |||
|обло́й (m single only) | |||
|ob-lо́y | |||
|flash | |||
|Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic | |||
|- | |||
|обре́зки (pl) | |||
|ob-rе́'''s'''-kee | |||
|trimmings, cuttings | |||
|Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work | |||
|- | |||
|опи́лки (pl) | |||
|oh-peel-kee | |||
|sawdust, filings | |||
|Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor | |||
|- | |||
|пыль (f single only) | |||
|pyl | |||
|dust | |||
|Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers | |||
|- | |||
|стру́жка (f single only) | |||
|strо́о́ge-kah | |||
|shavings, chips | |||
|Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table | |||
|- | |||
|хлам (m single only) | |||
|khlam | |||
|junk, trash, rubbish | |||
|Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Other lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]] | |||
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]] |
Latest revision as of 15:36, 15 May 2023
Материа́лы - Construction materials
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "О" and "Е", which usually change to "А" and "И".
Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys[edit | edit source]
Russian
(а-я) |
Pronunciation
(like English) |
English | Examples with adjectives |
---|---|---|---|
аллюми́ний (m) | al-you-mе́-niy | aluminum | Аллюми́ниевый радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink |
бери́ллий (m) | be-ree-liy | beryllium | Бери́ллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy |
бронза (f) | brо́n-zah | bronze | Бро́нзовый па́мятник - Bronze monument |
зо́лото (n) | zо́h-later | gold | Золота́я ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman) |
желе́зо (n) | jee-lе́-zah | iron, ferrum | Желе́зная ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic) |
лату́нь (f) | la-tune | brass | Лату́нная га́йка - Brass nut |
ли́тий (m) | lee-tiy | lithium | Ли́тиевый аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery |
ма́гний (m) | mug-niy | magnesium | Ма́гниевая соль - Magnesium salt |
медь (f) | medi | copper, cuprum | Ме́дные провода́ - Copper wires |
ни́кель (f) | knee-keel | nickel | Никелиро́ванная посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware |
о́лово (n) | all-love-oh | tin | Оловя́нный припо́й - Tin solder |
пла́тина (f) | plа́h-tee-nah | platinum | Пла́тиновый диск - Platinum Disc (the reward) |
ртуть (f) | rr-tute | mercury, quicksilver | Рту́тный гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer |
свине́ц (m) | swee-nе́ts | lead, plumbum | Свинцо́вая пу́ля - Lead bullet |
серебро́ (n) | se-ree-brо́ | silver | Сере́бреная цепо́чка - Silver chain |
сплав (m) | sp-love (v=f) | alloy, alligation | Металли́ческий сплав - Metal alloy |
сталь (f) | style | steel | Нержаве́ющая сталь - Stainless steel |
тита́н (m) | tee-tun | titanium | Тита́новая руда́ - Titanium ore |
хром (m) | chrome | chrome, chromium | Хро́мовый рудни́к - Chrome mine |
чугу́н (m) | chew-goon | cast (crude) iron | Чугу́нный лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy) |
цинк (m) | zynk | zinc | Ци́нковый гроб - Zinc coffin |
Неметаллы - Non-metallic[edit | edit source]
Russian (а-я) | Pronunciation
(like English) |
English | Examples with adjectives | Some verbs from these nouns |
---|---|---|---|---|
бето́н (m) | bee-tо́n | concrete | Бетонная сте́на - Concrete wall | бетони́ровать - to concrete |
бума́га (f) | boo-mа́h-gah | paper | Бума́жный стака́н - Paper cup | |
гра́вий (m) | grа́h-wey | gravel | Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road | |
грани́т (m) | grah-nit | granite | Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab | |
де́рево (n) | dе́-ree-wow | wood | Деревя́нный столб - Wooden pole | одеревене́ть - to stiffen |
ка́мень (m) | come-in | stone | Ка́менная мостова́я - Stone pavement | окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively) |
кера́мика (f) | cerami-kah | ceramics | ||
обо́и (pl) | oh-boy | wallpaper | ||
песо́к (m) | pee-sо́ck | sand | Песо́чные часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Песча́ный пляж - Sand beach |
"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out |
пла́стик (m) | plas-tik | plastic | ||
рези́на (f) | ree-see-nah | rubber | ||
стекло́ (n) | steek-loh | glass | остекли́ть - to glaze | |
тексти́ль (m) | tex-teel | textile | ||
цеме́нт (m) | zy-mе́nt | cement | Цементная сме́сь - Cement blend | цементи́ровать - to cement |
ще́бень (m) | schе́-been | rubble | Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal | |
Крепёж (m) - Fasteners[edit | edit source]
Russian (а-я) | Pronunciation
(like English) |
English |
---|---|---|
болт (m) | bolt | screw |
винт (m) | vint | screw |
га́йка (f) | guy-kah | nut |
гвоздь (m) | gwozdi | nail |
зажи́м (m) | zah-gym | clamp |
заклёпка (f) | zack-lyop-kah | rivet |
клин (m) | clean | wedge, shim |
кольцо (n) | call-zoh | ring |
конфирмат(m) | confirmate | confirmate |
прокла́дка (f) | proh-lad-kah | gasket, spacer |
распо́рка (f) | rasp-ork-ah | spacer, strut |
скоба́ (f) | scow-bah | bracket, brace |
стяжка (f) | stage-kah | coupler |
хомут (m) | home-oot | clamp, buckle |
ша́йба (f) | shy-bah | washer |
шуру́п (m) | sure-roop | screw |
шпи́лька (f) | speal-kah | stud |
Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products[edit | edit source]
Russian (а-я) | Pronunciation
(like English) |
English | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
грат (m single only) | grat | grat, burr | Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product |
му́сор (m single only) | mо́о́-sor | garbage, trash | Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house |
обло́й (m single only) | ob-lо́y | flash | Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic |
обре́зки (pl) | ob-rе́s-kee | trimmings, cuttings | Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work |
опи́лки (pl) | oh-peel-kee | sawdust, filings | Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor |
пыль (f single only) | pyl | dust | Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers |
стру́жка (f single only) | strо́о́ge-kah | shavings, chips | Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table |
хлам (m single only) | khlam | junk, trash, rubbish | Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house |