Difference between revisions of "Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Past-Tense"
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==Introduction== | |||
<p>Welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Bosnian Course". In this lesson, we will focus on the past tense in Bosnian. By the end of this lesson, you will understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You will practice using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions.</p> | <p>Welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Bosnian Course". In this lesson, we will focus on the past tense in Bosnian. By the end of this lesson, you will understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You will practice using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions.</p> | ||
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<p>Before we start, please note that in Bosnian, the past tense has two forms: perfective and imperfective. The perfective form describes actions as completed, while the imperfective form describes actions as in progress or repeated. In this lesson, we will cover the perfective form.</p> | <p>Before we start, please note that in Bosnian, the past tense has two forms: perfective and imperfective. The perfective form describes actions as completed, while the imperfective form describes actions as in progress or repeated. In this lesson, we will cover the perfective form.</p> | ||
< | |||
<span link>Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Comparatives and Superlatives]] & [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]].</span> | |||
==Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense== | |||
<p>Like in the present tense, verb conjugation in the past tense takes into account the gender and number of the subject. For regular verbs, the past tense is formed by adding the corresponding suffix to the stem. The suffixes vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the most common past tense suffixes:</p> | <p>Like in the present tense, verb conjugation in the past tense takes into account the gender and number of the subject. For regular verbs, the past tense is formed by adding the corresponding suffix to the stem. The suffixes vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the most common past tense suffixes:</p> | ||
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==Forming Sentences in the Past Tense== | |||
<p>To form a sentence in the past tense, you need to conjugate the verb according to the subject, add the past tense suffix, and place it at the end of the sentence. Here are some examples:</p> | <p>To form a sentence in the past tense, you need to conjugate the verb according to the subject, add the past tense suffix, and place it at the end of the sentence. Here are some examples:</p> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
==Practice== | |||
<p>Now that you understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences, let's practice. In the following exercises, you will need to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past tense. The suggested verbs are all regular, but feel free to use any other verbs you know.</p> | <p>Now that you understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences, let's practice. In the following exercises, you will need to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past tense. The suggested verbs are all regular, but feel free to use any other verbs you know.</p> | ||
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==Conclusion== | |||
<p>Congratulations, you have completed the "Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense" lesson. In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You have practiced using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions. Keep practicing and using this knowledge in real conversations and you'll be able to master the Bosnian language in no time | <p>Congratulations, you have completed the "Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense" lesson. In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You have practiced using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions. Keep practicing and using this knowledge in real conversations and you'll be able to master the Bosnian language in no time | ||
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[[Category:Bosnian-0-to-A1-Course]] | [[Category:Bosnian-0-to-A1-Course]] | ||
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span> | <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span> | ||
==Videos== | ==Videos== | ||
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<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opXmj71dbtg</youtube> | <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opXmj71dbtg</youtube> | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
== | |||
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] | * [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] | ||
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] | * [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] | ||
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* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] | * [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] | ||
* [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]] | * [[Language/Bosnian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]] | ||
<span class='maj'></span> | <span class='maj'></span> | ||
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Revision as of 23:37, 27 March 2023
Introduction
Welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Bosnian Course". In this lesson, we will focus on the past tense in Bosnian. By the end of this lesson, you will understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You will practice using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions.
Before we start, please note that in Bosnian, the past tense has two forms: perfective and imperfective. The perfective form describes actions as completed, while the imperfective form describes actions as in progress or repeated. In this lesson, we will cover the perfective form.
Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Comparatives and Superlatives & Adjectives and Adverbs.
Verb Conjugation in the Past Tense
Like in the present tense, verb conjugation in the past tense takes into account the gender and number of the subject. For regular verbs, the past tense is formed by adding the corresponding suffix to the stem. The suffixes vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Here are the most common past tense suffixes:
Bosnian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
---|---|---|
-ao/-la/-lo | -aʊ/-la/-lo | he/she/it did |
-ali/-le/-la | -aːli/-lɛ/-la | they did |
-ao/-la/-lo/-li/-le/-la | -aʊ/-la/-lo/-li/-lɛ/-la | you (plural) did |
Here are some examples of regular verbs in the past tense:
Bosnian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
---|---|---|
živjeti | ʒiːv-jɛ-ti | to live |
ja sam živjela | jɑ sɑm ʒiː-vjɛ-la | I lived |
ti si živio/la/lo | ti si ʒiː-vi-o/la/lo | you (singular) lived |
on/ona/ono je živio/la/lo | ɔn/ɔnɑ/ɔnɔ jɛ ʒiː-vi-o/la/lo | he/she/it lived |
mi smo živjeli | mi smo ʒiː-vjɛ-li | we lived |
vi ste živjeli/e | vi stɛ ʒiː-vjɛ-li/ɛ | you (plural) lived |
oni/one su živjeli/e | ɔni/ɔnɛ su ʒiː-vjɛ-li/ɛ | they lived |
Irregular verbs have specific conjugations in the past tense that do not follow a pattern. Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:
Bosnian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
---|---|---|
biti | bi-ti | to be |
ja sam bila/bio/bilo | jɑ sɑm bi-lɑ/bi-o/bi-lo | I was |
ti si bio/bila/bilo | ti si bi-o/bi-la/bi-lo | you (singular) were |
on/ona/ono je bio/bila/bilo | ɔn/ɔnɑ/ɔnɔ jɛ bi-o/bi-la/bi-lo | he/she/it was |
mi smo bili/bile/bila | mi smo bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la | we were |
vi ste bili/bile/bila | vi stɛ bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la | you (plural) were |
oni/one su bili/bile/bila | ɔni/ɔnɛ su bi-li/bi-lɛ/bi-la | they were |
Forming Sentences in the Past Tense
To form a sentence in the past tense, you need to conjugate the verb according to the subject, add the past tense suffix, and place it at the end of the sentence. Here are some examples:
- Ja sam gledala film sinoć. (I watched a movie last night.)
- Ti si čitala knjigu jučer. (You read a book yesterday.)
- On je vozio auto cijeli dan. (He drove a car all day.)
- Mi smo pjevali na zabavi prošle noći. (We sang at the party last night.)
- Vi ste igrali fudbal u parku prošle sedmice. (You played soccer in the park last week.)
- Oni su radili cijeli dan. (They worked all day.)
In Bosnian, it's also common to use time expressions with the past tense to indicate when the action happened. Here are some examples:
- Sinoć sam gledala film. (I watched a movie last night.)
- Jučer si čitala knjigu. (You read a book yesterday.)
- Cijeli dan je vozio auto. (He drove a car all day.)
- Prošle noći smo pjevali na zabavi. (We sang at the party last night.)
- Prošle sedmice ste igrali fudbal u parku. (You played soccer in the park last week.)
- Cijeli dan su radili. (They worked all day.)
Practice
Now that you understand how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences, let's practice. In the following exercises, you will need to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past tense. The suggested verbs are all regular, but feel free to use any other verbs you know.
- Ja ____________ (gledati) film sinoć.
- Ti ____________ (čitati) knjigu jučer.
- On/ona/ono ____________ (slušati) muziku cijeli dan.
- Mi ____________ (putovati) u Sarajevo prije mjesec dana.
- Vi ____________ (voziti) auto kroz grad prošli vikend.
- Oni/one ____________ (igrati) tenis jučer popodne.
Conclusion
Congratulations, you have completed the "Bosnian Grammar → Past Tense" lesson. In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and form sentences. You have practiced using different verbs and subjects to describe past events and actions. Keep practicing and using this knowledge in real conversations and you'll be able to master the Bosnian language in no time
Videos
Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense - YouTube
Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense in Negation ...
Other Lessons
- Negation
- Adjectives
- How to Use Have
- Noun Gender and Plurals
- Prepositions and Cases
- Questions and Negations
- How to Use Be
- Adjectives and Adverbs
- Plurals
- Personal Pronouns
Sources
- Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense - YouTube
- Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Past Tense in Negation ...