Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Adjectives

Panjabi Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Panjabi learners! 😊
In today's lesson, we will be discussing adjectives in Panjabi. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They can be used to express the size, shape, color, texture, origin, material, purpose, and other qualities of a noun or pronoun. In Panjabi, adjectives are usually placed after the noun they modify.

Types of Adjectives

There are two types of adjectives in Panjabi: descriptive adjectives and possessive adjectives.

Descriptive Adjectives

Descriptive adjectives are used to describe the qualities of a noun or pronoun. Examples of descriptive adjectives in Panjabi include ਛੋਟਾ (small), ਵੱਡਾ (big), ਰੰਗੀਨ (colored), ਸਫੇਦ (white), ਗੁਲਾਬੀ (pink), ਪੱਛਮੀ (western), ਪੂਰਬੀ (eastern), ਮੱਖਿਆਤ (traditional), ਨਵੀਂ (new), ਪੱਕਾ (dry), ਭਰਾ (wet), ਸਰਲ (simple), ਜਟਿਲ (complex), ਸਹੀ (correct), ਗਲਤ (wrong), ਸਾਰੇ (all), ਕੁਝ (some), ਕੋਈ (any), ਕੁੱਝ (none), ਅਤੇ (and).

Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership. Examples of possessive adjectives in Panjabi include ਮੇਰਾ (my), ਤੁਹਾਡਾ (your), ਉਹਦਾ (his/her), ਉਨਿਹਾਰਾ (their), ਸਾਹਿਬਦਾ (sahib's), ਮਾਈਦਾ (mother's), ਬਾਪਦਾ (father's), ਦੋਸਤਾਦਾ (friend's).

Adjective Placement

In Panjabi, adjectives are usually placed after the noun they modify. For example: ਮੇਰੀ ਛੋਟੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ (my small book). However, there are some exceptions to this rule. For example, when using ਤੇ (from) or ਦੇ (of) with an adjective, the adjective is placed before the noun. For example: ਤੇ ਛੋਟੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ (from a small book).

Adjective Agreement

In Panjabi, adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in gender and number. For example, if the noun is masculine singular, the adjective must also be masculine singular. If the noun is feminine plural, the adjective must also be feminine plural.

Adjective Endings

In Panjabi, adjectives have different endings depending on the gender and number of the noun they modify. For example, if the noun is masculine singular, the adjective will end in ਆ (aa). If the noun is feminine plural, the adjective will end in ਈਆਂ (eeaan).

Conclusion

In this lesson, we discussed adjectives in Panjabi. We looked at the two types of adjectives, their placement, agreement, and endings. We hope you now have a better understanding of how to use adjectives in Panjabi.

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