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Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Augment-in-modern-Greek (edit)
Revision as of 20:17, 6 April 2021
, 4 years ago→English: The augment in Greek language
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In these verbs, the increase always appears as '''έ-.''' | In these verbs, the increase always appears as '''έ-.''' | ||
From the examples in the table above, we observe that: | From the examples in the table above, we observe that: | ||
'''a)''' the increase, formed by the vowel '''ε-,''' adds a syllable in front of a verb with a consonantal initial when it is accented | *'''a)''' the increase, formed by the vowel '''ε-,''' adds a syllable in front of a verb with a consonantal initial when it is accented | ||
'''Eg.''' : the verb "πιάνω": to catch | '''Eg.''' : the verb "πιάνω": to catch | ||
'''έ'''πιανα, '''έ'''πιανες, '''έ'''πιανε, '''έ'''πιαναν : I was catching, you were catching, he was catching ... | '''έ'''πιανα, '''έ'''πιανες, '''έ'''πιανε, '''έ'''πιαναν : I was catching, you were catching, he was catching ... | ||
and it is lost when it is not accentuated | and it is lost when it is not accentuated | ||
'''b)''' When a syllabic augment occurs in a compound verb, that is, a verb consisting of a prepositional prefix and a root verb, the augment | *'''b)''' When a syllabic augment occurs in a compound verb, that is, a verb consisting of a prepositional prefix and a root verb, the augment resides of the beginning simple verb, not at the beginning of the preposition. This is called an internal augment. | ||
of the beginning simple verb, not at the beginning of the preposition. This is called an internal augment. | |||
καλοπιάνω, καλο-'''έ'''πιανα, καλο-'''έ'''πιασα : flatter | καλοπιάνω, καλο-'''έ'''πιανα, καλο-'''έ'''πιασα : flatter | ||
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'''Eg.''' the verb : | '''Eg.''' the verb : | ||
καλο'''έ'''πιανα, καλο'''έ'''πιασα | *καλο'''έ'''πιανα, καλο'''έ'''πιασα | ||
we can also say: | we can also say: | ||
καλ'''ό'''πιανα, καλ'''ό'''πιασα. | *καλ'''ό'''πιανα, καλ'''ό'''πιασα. | ||
'''Attention :''' | '''Attention :''' | ||
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=== '''Exceptions'''=== | === '''Exceptions'''=== | ||
A number of common verbs have irregular forms involving other vowels, mainly η- In added, the verbs of the learned tradition | A number of common verbs have irregular forms involving other vowels, mainly η- In added, the verbs of the learned tradition partly preserve more complex models inherited from ancient Greek. | ||
partly preserve more complex models inherited from ancient Greek. | |||
===='''a)''' Verbs starting with a consonant:==== | ===='''a)''' Verbs starting with a consonant:==== | ||
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They are the: | They are the: | ||
'''Έ'''χω > '''εί'''χα (imp.): I had | *'''Έ'''χω > '''εί'''χα (imp.): I had | ||
έρχομαι > '''ή'''ρθα (aor.): I come > | *έρχομαι > '''ή'''ρθα (aor.): I come > | ||
είμαι > '''ή'''μουν (imp.): I am > I was | *είμαι > '''ή'''μουν (imp.): I am > I was | ||
and the verb: υπ'''ά'''ρχω > υπ'''ή'''ρχα: I exist > I existed | *and the verb: υπ'''ά'''ρχω > υπ'''ή'''ρχα: I exist > I existed | ||
which accepts an internal increase. | which accepts an internal increase. | ||
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'''Eg.''' | '''Eg.''' | ||
'''δια'''-γράφω> δι-'''έ'''-γραφα, δι-'''έ'''-γραψα. | *'''δια'''-γράφω> δι-'''έ'''-γραφα, δι-'''έ'''-γραψα. | ||
Delete > I deleted | Delete > I deleted | ||