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<div class="pg_page_title">Bashkir Grammar - Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Bashkir Grammar - Adjectives</div>
Hi Bashkir learners! 😊<br>In today's lesson, we will be discussing adjectives in the Bashkir language. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They can be used to give more information about a person, place, thing, or idea. In Bashkir, adjectives have their own set of rules and forms. Let's take a look at them!
 
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/bashkir Bashkir] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Bashkir. Adjectives are words used to describe or modify nouns. They can indicate a quality, size, color or any other characteristic of a noun.


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== Adjective Forms ==
== Types of Adjectives ==
 
There are two types of adjectives in Bashkir:
 
=== Attributive Adjectives ===
 
Attributive adjectives come before nouns and modify the noun directly. They agree with the noun in gender, number, and case. For example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Bashkir !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| гультәк  || gultäk || red
|}- гультәк (gultäk), meaning "red," modifies the noun it describes directly:
 
* ҡуш (quş) – bird
 
* гультәк ҡуш (gultäk quş) – red bird
 
In this example, гультәк (gultäk) is an attributive adjective because it comes before the noun and describes it directly.
 
=== Predicative Adjectives ===


In Bashkir, adjectives can be either singular or plural. The singular form is used when describing one person, place, thing, or idea. The plural form is used when describing more than one person, place, thing, or idea.  
Predicative adjectives come after the noun and relate to it through a linking verb. They do not agree in gender, number, or case with the noun. For example:


=== Singular Form ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Bashkir !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| кар  || kar || white
|}- кар (kar), meaning "white," relates to the noun through a linking verb:


The singular form of an adjective in Bashkir is formed by adding the suffix -лә to the end of the word. For example, the word for "beautiful" in Bashkir is күрен (küren). To make it into the singular form, we add the suffix -лә, making it күренлә (kürenlä).
* мәйдан (mäydan) – field


=== Plural Form ===
* мәйдан кар (mäydan kar) – field is white


The plural form of an adjective in Bashkir is formed by adding the suffix -ләр to the end of the word. For example, the word for "beautiful" in Bashkir is күрен (küren). To make it into the plural form, we add the suffix -ләр, making it күренләр (kürenlär).  
In this example, кар (kar) is a predicative adjective because it comes after the noun and relates to it through a linking verb.


== Adjective Agreement ==
== Adjective Agreement ==


In Bashkir, adjectives must agree with the noun or pronoun they are describing. This means that the adjective must match the gender, number, and case of the noun or pronoun.  
In Bashkir, adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case. For example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Bashkir !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| йөрәк || yörek || small
|}- йөрәк (yörek), meaning "small," agrees with the noun it describes in gender, number, and case:
 
* кот (kot) – cat
 
* йөрәк кот (yörek kot) – small cat
 
If the noun is feminine, the adjective endings change:
 
* һатын (hatın) – housewife
 
* йөрәк һатын (yörek hatın) – small housewife
 
Note that the adjective йөрәк (yörek) changes its ending to agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.
 
== Comparative and Superlative Adjectives ==
 
In Bashkir, comparative and superlative adjectives are formed using the following patterns:
 
* Comparative: ҡайсыса (qaysysa) + adjective + ҡаршы (qarşı) + adjective
 
* Superlative: ҡайсы (qaysı) + adjective + һөйләк (höylek) + noun
 
For example:
 
* Сагынды (Sagındı) – beautiful
 
* Сагындыҡа йәңү (Sagındıqa yönu) – more beautiful
 
* коттан (kottan) – cat
 
* йөҙсе коттан (yödze kottan) – the smallest cat
 
Note that ҡайсыса (qaysysa) and ҡайсы (qaysı) are used with attributive adjectives, while һөйләк (höylek) is used with nouns.
 
== Dialogue ==
 
To see adjectives used in context, here is a dialogue between two friends:
 
* Амина (Amina): Асыҡ нара (Asıq nara) - Your new car is beautiful!
 
* Руслан (Ruslan): Уҡыҙ яңа йөҙле йүрәк (Uqız yaña yödle yuräk) - It's the tiniest red car.
 
In this dialogue, we see the attributive adjective яңа (yaña), meaning "new," and the predicative adjective йөҙле (yödle), meaning "tiny."
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now that you have learned about Bashkir adjectives, it's time to practice! Here are some exercises to help you master adjective agreement:
 
1. Translate the following sentences into Bashkir:
 
* The black cat is big.
 
* The white house is small.


=== Gender ===
* My old computer is slow.


In Bashkir, adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun or pronoun they are describing. For example, if the noun or pronoun is masculine, then the adjective must also be masculine. If the noun or pronoun is feminine, then the adjective must also be feminine.
2. Change the following adjectives from positive to comparative:


=== Number ===
* тиҙ (tið, fast)


In Bashkir, adjectives must agree with the number of the noun or pronoun they are describing. For example, if the noun or pronoun is singular, then the adjective must also be singular. If the noun or pronoun is plural, then the adjective must also be plural.
* ирсәк (irseḵ, tall)


=== Case ===
* әлә (älä, good)


In Bashkir, adjectives must agree with the case of the noun or pronoun they are describing. For example, if the noun or pronoun is in the nominative case, then the adjective must also be in the nominative case. If the noun or pronoun is in the accusative case, then the adjective must also be in the accusative case.
3. Change the following adjectives from positive to superlative:


== Examples ==
* яхшы (yaxşı, good)


Let's look at some examples of adjectives in Bashkir.
* урта (urta, average)


* Nominative: Күрен адам (Küren adam) - Beautiful man
* кечмиш (keçmiş, past)
* Accusative: Күренлә адамны (Kürenlä adamnı) - Beautiful man
* Genitive: Күренләр адамнары (Kürenlär adamnarı) - Beautiful men


<hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
💡 Don't forget to use [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=13 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/bashkir/question questions] about Bashkir adjectives to improve your understanding of the language!


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


==Related Lessons==
{{#seo:
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
|title=Bashkir Grammar - Adjectives
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
|keywords=Bashkir, adjectives, grammar, attributive, predicative, agreement, comparative, superlative, exercises, practice
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Bashkir: types of adjectives, agreement, comparative and superlative adjectives. Practice exercises are included.
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
}}
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]


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{{Bashkir-Page-Bottom}}
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