Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/Verbs
In Ukrainian, verbs have aspects (like Polish or Russian) and tenses (just like English).
There is also moods, but that is a bit complicated so we'll just leave that for now. Let's just focus on two main things:
Verbs conjugate according to number and person (and gender in some tenses). Here is how an example of a verb in the present tense
Verbs in Ukrainian language can be imperfective or perfective. Perfective tense presents an action as finished and emphasizes its result. Compare:
- Мама готувала обід. (Mom was cooking a lunch.) - imerfective tense
- Мама приготувала обід. (Mom has cooked a lunch.) - perfective tense
Imperfective sentence answers the question: "Що робити?" - читати, робити. Perfective sentence answers the question: "Що зробити?"- прочитати, зробити.
How to create a perfective form of the verb? There are few ways.
- The most common one: adding a prefixe to the imperfective verb (читати - прочитати).
- Changing a suffix of the imperfective verb (стрибати - стрибнути).
- By alternating vowels and consonant sounds in the roots (затерігати - застерегти). There is no specific rule, every time you have to refer to a dictionary. My advice is to memorize the most common verbs.
Here they are:
Imperfective verb | Perfective verb | |
to read | читати | прочитати |
to cook | готувати | приготувати |
to write | писати | написати |
to understand | розуміти | зрозуміти |
to think | думати | подумати |
to see | дивитися | подивитися |
to take | брати | взяти |
to make a call | телефонувати | зателефонувати |
to think | думати | подумати |
to say | говорити | сказати |
Source[edit | edit source]
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/17637411/Overview-Of-Ukrainian-Grammar-UK-GRAMMAR-PORTAL
https://ukrainian-zone.com/series/ukrainian-grammar/09-verbs-perfective-and-imperfective-forms
Videos[edit | edit source]
20 COMMON UKRAINIAN VERBS Every Beginner Must Know ...[edit | edit source]
Imperative Mood in Ukrainian: grammar and practice | 70+ VERBS ...[edit | edit source]
Ukrainian Prefixed Verbs of Motion | Ukrainian Language Grammar ...[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Nouns
- Feminine
- Questions
- Past imperfective Tense
- Pronoun
- Conditional Mood
- Verb to like
- Verb to work
- Possessive pronouns
- Plural