Language/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Articles

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Articles in Latin[edit | edit source]

Unlike other Indo-European languages, such as Greek or the Germanic languages, Latin had neither a definite article nor an indefinite article.

That doesn't exist in Latin. Arrangement in grammar only of noun, verb, demonstrative adjectives, possessives and quantities and related propositions ...

The origins of the article are considered as an innovation of other languages ​​and especially after the occupation of Greece .

But we have to look at how Latin deals with the lack of articles.

Definite Article:

Latin has 0 articles.  Saying “the” or “a / an” is understood.

Indefinite Article: 

Latin uses demonstrative pronouns “ille” as “that” it as a definite article 

hic (masculine singular), haec, hoc : hic liber (this book)

illa (feminine singular) ille ,illud :  illa domina (that mistress)

hoc  (neuter singular) hoc verbum (this word)

(masculine plural) hae, haec : hī librī (these books)

illae(feminine plural) illi, illae, illa : illae dominae (those ladies)

haec (neuter singular) hic, haec, hoc  : haec verba (this-thes word) 

Hec est concordia. > This is the agreement.

EuropeArticleLanguages.png

Les articles défini et indéfini dans les langues d’Europe  

dark blue : articles indéfini et défini

turquoise article défini seulementcou

beet color : articles indéfini et défini enclitique

fuchsia color : article défini enclitique seulement

grey color : sans articles

This - Hic Haec Hoc
case Sing. Pl.
Nom. hic haec hoc hi hae haec
Gen. huius huius huius horum harum horum
Dat. huic huic huic his his his
Acc. hunc hanc hoc hos has haec
Abl. hoc hac hoc his his his
That - Ille Illa Illud
Sing. Pl.
Nom. ille illa illud illi illae illa
Gen. illius illius illius illorum illarum illorum
Dat. illi illi illi illis illis illis
Acc. illum illam illud illos illas illa
Abl. illo illa illo illis illis illis
That (contemptuously) Iste Ista Istud
Sing. Pl.
Nom. iste ista istud isti istae ista
Gen. istius istius istius istorum istarum istorum
Dat. isti isti isti istis istis istis
Acc. istum istam istud istos istas ista
Abl. isto ista isto istis istis istis
This, that (weak), he, she, it Is Ea Id
Sing. Pl.
Nom. is ea id ei(ii) eae ea
Gen. eius eius eius eorum earum eorum
Dat. ei ei ei eis eis eis
Acc. eum eam id eos eas ea
Abl. eo ea eo eis eis eis

Français[edit | edit source]

A la différence d’autres langues indo-européennes, comme le grec ou les langues germaniques, le latin ne connaissait ni article défini, ni article indéfini.

Elle disposait dans sa grammaire seulement du nom, le verbe, des adjectifs démonstratifs, possessifs et quantitatifs et des propositions relatives...

Les origines de l’article sont considérées comme une innovation d'autres langues et spécialement après l'occupation de la Grèce.

Mais nous devon  regarder comment le latin gère l'absences d'articles.

Article défini:

Latin a 0 articles. Dire «le» ou «a / an» est compris.

Article indéfini:

 

Le latin utilise des pronoms démonstratifs pour spécifier quel nom, par ex. "Ceci ou cela."

hic (masculin singulier), hic liber (ce livre)

illa (féminin singulier) illa domina (cette maîtresse)

hoc (neutre singulier) hoc verbum (ce mot)

(masculin pluriel) hī librī (ces livres)

illae (féminin pluriel) illae dominae (ces dames)

haec (neutre singulier) haec verba (ce mot)

Source : ThoughtCo.

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