Language/Interlingua-international-auxiliary-language-association/Grammar/Negation
Hi Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn how to use negation in Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) sentences. Negation in Interlingua is quite simple and follows the same basic rules as other languages. We will use examples and cultural information to help you understand.
With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) Grammar ..., Interlingua-international-auxiliary-language-association Grammar ..., How to Use Be & Imperative Tense.
Negating a sentence[edit | edit source]
To negate a sentence in Interlingua, we add "non-" before the verb. For example, "Ille mangia pan" (He eats bread) becomes "Ille non-mangia pan" (He does not eat bread).
Here is a table that shows some examples:
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Io parla francese | ˈi.o ˈpaɾ.la franˈt͡ʃeze | I speak French |
| Io non-parla francese | ˈi.o nɔnˈpaɾ.la franˈt͡ʃeze | I do not speak French |
| Ille comprende le libro | ˈil.le komˈpɾɛn.de le ˈli.bɾo | He understands the book |
| Ille non-comprende le libro | ˈil.le nonkomˈpɾɛn.de le ˈli.bɾo | He does not understand the book |
Negating a verb tense[edit | edit source]
In Interlingua, when we want to negate a verb in the past tense, we use the auxiliary verb "non-haber" (did not have) before the verb. For example, "Io scripeva" (I was writing) becomes "Io non-habe scripente" (I was not writing).
Here is a table that shows some examples:
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Io habeva cantate | |ˈi.o haˈbe.va kanˈta.te | I had sung |
| Io non-habeva cantate | |ˈi.o non.haˈbe.va kanˈta.te | I had not sung |
| Ille habeva finitte le libro | ˈil.le haˈbe.va fiˈnit.te le ˈli.bɾo | He had finished the book |
| Ille non-habeva finitte le libro | ˈil.le nonhaˈbe.va finiˈt.te le ˈli.bɾo | He had not finished the book |
Negating with compound verb tenses[edit | edit source]
In Interlingua, compound verb tenses (such as the present perfect, past perfect and future perfect) are formed with the auxiliary verb "haber" and the past participle of the main verb. To negate these compound verb tenses, we use "non-haber" before the auxiliary verb "haber". For example, "Io ha cantate" (I have sung) becomes "Io non-habe ha cantate" (I have not sung).
Here is a table that shows some examples:
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Io habe cantate | |ˈi.o ˈha.be kanˈta.te | I have sung |
| Io non-habe habe cantate | |ˈi.o non.ˈha.be ˈha.be kanˈta.te | I have not sung |
| Ille habera finitte le libro | ˈil.le haˈbe.ɾa fiˈnit.te le ˈli.bɾo | He will have finished the book |
| Ille non-habera finitte le libro | ˈil.le non.haˈbe.ɾa fiˈnit.te le ˈli.bɾo | He will not have finished the book |
Double negation[edit | edit source]
In Interlingua, double negation is not used. Therefore, "Io non-habe nulle libres" (I do not have any books) is considered wrong. Instead, we use "Io non habe libres" (I do not have any books).
Cultural notes[edit | edit source]
Interlingua is a language that was created with the intention of being easy to learn and understand for speakers of various languages. It was created by the International Auxiliary Language Association in the early 20th century.
Interlingua is based on the grammar and vocabulary of several European languages such as Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and English. This means that if you speak any of these languages, you will have a relatively easy time learning Interlingua.
Interlingua is not widely spoken, but there are communities on the internet where speakers can communicate and practice the language. Websites like Polyglot Club offer the opportunity to find native speakers and practice Interlingua together.
Dialogue[edit | edit source]
- Person 1: Io crede que tu ha le libro. (I think you have the book.)
- Person 2: Non, io non ha le libro. (No, I do not have the book.)
Sources[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Questions
- Conditional Mood
- Plurals
- Adjectives
- Pronouns
- How to Use Have
- Present Tense
- Prepositions
- Past Tense
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