Language/Lithuanian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns

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Lithuanian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Personal Pronouns

Welcome to the lesson on Personal Pronouns in Lithuanian! Understanding personal pronouns is crucial for effective communication, as they help us refer to ourselves and others in conversation. Mastering these will enable you to form sentences and express thoughts more fluently. In this lesson, we will explore the various personal pronouns used in Lithuanian, their forms, and how to use them in everyday conversations.

Lesson Outline:

1. Introduction to Personal Pronouns

2. List of Personal Pronouns in Lithuanian

3. Usage of Personal Pronouns

4. Examples of Sentences Using Personal Pronouns

5. Exercises and Practice Scenarios

6. Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

Introduction to Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns are words that replace nouns and refer to specific people or things. In Lithuanian, personal pronouns help indicate who is performing an action or who is being talked about. This lesson will cover the singular and plural forms of personal pronouns, their cases, and their proper usage in sentences.

List of Personal Pronouns in Lithuanian

In Lithuanian, personal pronouns can change based on the person (first, second, third), number (singular, plural), and grammatical case (nominative, accusative, genitive, etc.). Let's start with the nominative case, which is used for the subject of a sentence.

Lithuanian	Pronunciation	English
aš	[aʃ]	I
tu	[tu]	you (singular)
jis	[jɪs]	he
ji	[jɪ]	she
mes	[mɛs]	we
jūs	[juːs]	you (plural)
jie	[jɛ]	they (masculine)
jos	[jɔs]	they (feminine)

Usage of Personal Pronouns

Let’s break down how to use each personal pronoun in context. Here are the singular pronouns:

• Aš (I): This pronoun is used when you are talking about yourself.

• Tu (you): This is the informal way to address someone you know well.

• Jis (he) and Ji (she): These refer to a third person, either male or female.

For plural pronouns:

• Mes (we): Use this when speaking about a group that includes yourself.

• Jūs (you): This is the formal or plural form of "you."

• Jie (they, masculine) and Jos (they, feminine): These refer to groups of people.

Examples of Sentences Using Personal Pronouns

Now let’s look at how these pronouns fit into sentences.

Lithuanian	Pronunciation	English
Aš esu mokytojas.	[aʃ ɛsu mɔkɪtɔjɑs]	I am a teacher.
Tu esi mokinė.	[tu ɛsi mɔkɪnɛ]	You are a student (female).
Jis yra draugas.	[jɪs ɪrɑ drɑʊgɑs]	He is a friend.
Ji dirba biure.	[jɪ dɪrbɑ bɪʊrɛ]	She works in an office.
Mes einame į parduotuvę.	[mɛs ɛɪnɑmɛ ɪ pɑrdɔtʊvɛ]	We are going to the store.
Jūs kalbate lietuviškai.	[juːs kɑlbɑtɛ lʲɛtʊvɪʃkɑɪ]	You speak Lithuanian.
Jie žaidžia futbolą.	[jɛ ʒaɪdʒɪɑ fʊtbɔlɑ]	They are playing football.
Jos mokosi universitete.	[jɔs mɔkɔsɪ unɪvɛrsɪtɛtɛ]	They (females) study at the university.

Exercises and Practice Scenarios

Practice makes perfect! Here are some exercises to help you reinforce what you've learned:

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct personal pronoun:

• ___ esu studentas. (I am a student.)

• ___ eina į parką. (She is going to the park.)

• ___ kalbate angliškai? (Do you speak English?)

2. Translate the following sentences into Lithuanian:

• We are friends.

• He is a teacher.

• You (plural) are going home.

3. Match the pronoun with the correct translation:

• Aš

• Tu

• Mes

• Jūs

4. Identify the personal pronoun in the following sentence:

• Ji skaito knygą. (She is reading a book.)

5. Create your own sentences using each personal pronoun.

6. Choose the correct personal pronoun for each sentence:

• ___ esu laimingas. (I / He)

• ___ mato filmą. (They / We)

7. Rewrite the sentences using personal pronouns:

• Jonas eina į parduotuvę. (Jonas is going to the store.)

• Marija ir Tomas kalba. (Marija and Tomas are talking.)

8. Fill in the chart with the correct personal pronouns:

| Person | Singular | Plural |

|-------|----------|--------|

| 1st | ___ | ___ |

| 2nd | ___ | ___ |

| 3rd | ___ | ___ |

9. Practice having a conversation using personal pronouns. Write down a dialogue between two people.

10. Translate the personal pronouns from Lithuanian to English:

• aš

• tu

• jis

• mes

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct personal pronoun:

• Aš esu studentas.

• Ji eina į parką.

• Ar jūs kalbate angliškai?

2. Translate the following sentences into Lithuanian:

• Mes esame draugai.

• Jis yra mokytojas.

• Jūs einate namo.

3. Match the pronoun with the correct translation:

• Aš - I

• Tu - You (singular)

• Mes - We

• Jūs - You (plural)

4. Identify the personal pronoun in the following sentence:

• Ji skaito knygą.

5. Create your own sentences using each personal pronoun.

(Answers will vary.)

6. Choose the correct personal pronoun for each sentence:

• Aš esu laimingas.

• Jie mato filmą.

7. Rewrite the sentences using personal pronouns:

• Jis eina į parduotuvę.

• Jie kalba.

8. Fill in the chart with the correct personal pronouns:

| Person | Singular | Plural |

|-------|-----------|----------|

| 1st | aš | mes |

| 2nd | tu | jūs |

| 3rd | jis/ji | jie/jos |

9. Practice having a conversation using personal pronouns. Write down a dialogue between two people.

(Answers will vary.)

10. Translate the personal pronouns from Lithuanian to English:

• aš - I

• tu - you

• jis - he

• mes - we

Congratulations! You have now gained a fundamental understanding of personal pronouns in Lithuanian. Keep practicing, and soon you'll feel more comfortable using them in your conversations.

Table of Contents - Lithuanian Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Introduction to Lithuanian

• Alphabet and Pronunciation
• Basic Sentence Structure

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Common Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Noun Gender and Declension
• Personal Pronouns

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-100
• Telling Time

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Dining Out

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Describing People and Things
• Comparatives and Superlatives

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Common Prepositions
• Connecting Ideas

  ---

Shopping and Services

• Shopping Vocabulary
• Banking and Postal Services

  ---

Lithuanian Traditions and Customs

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Traditional Cuisine

Sources

• Lithuanian grammar - Wikipedia
• The Historical grammar of Lithuanian language
• Lithuanian declension - Wikipedia

Other Lessons

• Negation
• Adjectives
• Multipurpose Words and Suffixes
• Singular and Plural Nouns
• Conjugation
• Gendered Nouns
• Give your Opinion
• Plurals
• How to Use Have
• Nouns

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