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🕒 How do we Express the Future in Northern Uzbek?

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KBar profile picture KBarMay 2022

It's expressed in of two moods: indicative and potential (positive).

 

Subject omission (in parentheses) is permitted.

Both forms in third-person plular are equivalent.

 

Future indicative of the verb kelmoq (to come)
  Singular Plural
First-person (Men) kelaman. (Biz) kelamiz.
Second-person familiar (Sen) kelasan. (Siz(lar)) kelasiz(lar).
Second-person respectful (Siz) kelasiz.
Third-person (U) keladi. (Ular) keladilar.
(Ular) kelishadi.

 

 

 

 

 

Future indicative is the same as in English. The sentences above are translated as "(subject pronoun) will come". Note that this form is also used to express habituality (i.e. habitual aspect), so the sentence Men har kuni shu yerga kelaman means "I come here every day" rather than "I will come here every day".

 

Formation

for verb stems ending in a consonant, e.g. kelmoq:

verb stem + a + person/number suffix = kel + a + miz ("We will come.");

for verb stems ending in a vowel, e.g. oʻqimoq:

verb + y + person/number suffix = oʻqi + y + di ("He/she will read.")

 

Future potential of the verb qilmoq (to do)
  Singular Plural
First-person (Men) qilarman. (Biz) qilarmiz.
Second-person familiar (Sen) qilarsan. (Siz(lar)) qilarsiz(lar).
Second-person respectful (Siz) qilarsiz.
Third-person (U) qilar. (Ular) qilarlar.
(Ular) qilishar.

 

 

 

 

 

Future potential (positive) expresses likelyhood, compliance, suggestion or even postponement.

In the sentence Buni ertaga qilarsan, the verb qilarsan denotes suggestion to do it—whatever it is—tomorrow, so the whole sentence roughly means "You should probably do it tomorrow".

Contrast this with Endi kech boʻldi. Qolganini ertaga qilarman. which is translated as "It's too late now. I'll do the rest tomorrow" but qilarman here isn't as certain as qilaman. It's simultaneously an indication of postponement, likelyhood and request. One would expect acceptance and approval from the other person, e.g. Ha, mayli ("Alright, fine.")

In third-person, it often indicates that the probability of the action denoted by the verb is very likely.