批改

When Victoria rises on the throne in 1837, an economic recession puts millions of miners and workers in the unemployment, especially as a new legislation forces the most deprived to join asylums, qualified of " Bastille of the poors ".

In this period of industrial revolution, the number of union members rose quckly.

The anger of the workers, and the masses begin to subscribe to a labor union, the Chartism.

This movement is a rather heterogeneous gathering, composed by intellectuals, reformers, traditional radicals as well as semi-skilled workers and of unemployed persons.

The Chartism is sometimes bound to csome moral groups (advocating for example the abstinence concerning any alcoholic drink, or defenders of the class struggle).

In 1839, an convention in London gathered fifty four delegates of Chartist groupsis from all the kingdom.

A petition drafted by themselves was put down to the House of Commons.

She asks for the acceptance of the « Charter of the People », threatening to start a vast strike action of all the workers.

The petition was finally rejected, however, the strike does not took place, because the movement was too much divided, concerning the ways to choose in order to obtain results.

The movement disintegrates itself gradually from the summer 1839 and disappeared definitively in 1853 thanks to the improvement of the labor condition and the lack of unity of the movement.

Religion As you know probably, the religion of the kingdom is the Anglicanism since 1530, which the guarantor for is the queen.

However, many rival churches and sects to the Anglican Church develop themselves during the victorian period.

« Nonconformist » or « dissidenters » was a term used in England and Wales after the Act of Uniformity 1662 to refer to a Protestant Christian who did not "conform" to the governance and usages of the established Church of England.

We can think of congregationnists, Baptists, Presbyterians, unitarians and the Methodists, the most influential of this period.

All these churches were called In 1851, about 43 % of the population is nonconformist.