Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-latvian/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"

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==Latvian Alphabet and IPA Pronunciation==
=== Alphabet ===
The Latvian standard alphabet has '''33 letters''':


==Latvian Alphabet and IPA Pronunciation==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Letter
|Letter
|A, a
|Name
|Ā, ā
|IPA
|B, b
|C, c
|Č, č
|D, d
|E, e
|Ē, ē
|F, f
|G, g
|Ģ, ģ
|H, h
|I, i
|Ī, ī
|J, j
|K, k
|Ķ, ķ
|L, l
|Ļ, ļ
|M, m
|N, n
|Ņ, ņ
|O o
|P, p
|R, r
|S, s
|Š, š
|T, t
|U, u
|Ū, ū
|V, v
|Z, z
|Ž, ž
|-
|-
!Name
|A,  a
|a
|a
|garais ā
|[ɑ]
|-
|Ā,  ā
|garais ā
|[ɑː]
|-
|B,  b
|bē
|bē
|[b]
|-
|C,  c
|cē
|cē
|[t̪͡s̪]
|-
|Č,  č
|čē
|čē
|[t͡ʃ]
|-
|D,  d
|dē
|dē
|[d̪]
|-
|E,  e
|e
|e
|garais ē
|[e]  , [æ]
|-
|Ē,  ē
|garais ē
|[eː]  , [æː]
|-
|F,  f
|ef
|ef
|[f]
|-
|G,  g
|gā
|gā
|[ɡ]
|-
|Ģ,  ģ
|ģē
|ģē
|[ɟ]
|-
|H,  h
|hā
|hā
|[x]
|-
|I,  i
|i
|i
|garais ī
|[i]
|-
|Ī,  ī
|garais ī
|[iː]
|-
|J,  j
|jē
|jē
|[j]
|-
|K,  k
|kā
|kā
|[k]
|-
|Ķ,  ķ
|ķē
|ķē
|[c]
|-
|L,  l
|el
|el
|[l]
|-
|Ļ,  ļ
|eļ
|eļ
|[ʎ]
|-
|M,  m
|em
|em
|[m]
|-
|N,  n
|en
|en
|[n̪], [ŋ]
|-
|Ņ,  ņ
|eņ
|eņ
|[ɲ]
|-
|O  o
|o
|o
|[ua̯],  [o], [oː]
|-
|P,  p
|pē
|pē
|[p]
|-
|R,  r
|er
|er
|[r], [rʲ]
|-
|S,  s
|es
|es
|[s̪]
|-
|Š,  š
|eš
|eš
|[ʃ]
|-
|T,  t
|tē
|tē
|[t̪]
|-
|U,  u
|u
|u
|garais ū
|[u]
|vē
|zē
|žē
|-
|-
!IPA
|Ū, ū
|[ɑ]
|garais  ū
|[ɑː]
|[b]
|[t̪͡s̪]
|[t͡ʃ]
|[d̪]
|[e] , [æ]
|[eː] , [æː]
|[f]
|[ɡ]
|[ɟ]
|[x]
|[i]
|[iː]
|[j]
|[k]
|[c]
|[l]
|[ʎ]
|[m]
|[n̪], [ŋ]
|[ɲ]
|[ua̯], [o], [oː]
|[p]
|[r], [rʲ]
|[s̪]
|[ʃ]
|[t̪]
|[u]
|[uː]
|[uː]
|-
|V,  v
|vē
|[v]
|[v]
|-
|Z,  z
|zē
|[z̪]
|[z̪]
|[ʒ]
|}
|}


=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Grapheme
!IPA
!English approximation
|-
|a
|ɑ
|like f'''a'''ther, but shorter
|-
|ā
|ɑː
|c'''a'''r
|-
| rowspan="2" |e
|e
|'''e'''lephant
|-
|æ
|m'''a'''p
|-
| rowspan="2" |ē
|eː
|similar to pl'''ay'''
|-
|æː
|like b'''a'''d, but longer
|-
|i
|i
|Between '''i'''t and '''ea'''t
|-
|ī
|iː
|'''ea'''ch
|-
| rowspan="3" |o
|[uɔ̯̯]
|t'''ou'''r (some dialects)
|-
|o
|n'''o'''t (some dialects)
|-
|oː
|th'''ough'''; b'''oa'''t
|-
|u
|u
|between l'''oo'''k and L'''u'''ke
|-
|ū
|uː
|y'''ou'''
|}


==== Consonants ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Grapheme
!IPA
!English approximation
|-
|b
|b
|'''b'''rother
|-
|c
|t̪͡s̪
|like ca'''ts''', with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|č
|t͡ʃ
|'''ch'''air
|-
|d
|d̪
|like '''d'''oor, with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|dz
|d̪͡z̪
|like li'''ds''', with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|dž
|d͡ʒ
|'''j'''og
|-
|f
|f
|'''f'''inger
|-
|g
|ɡ
|'''g'''ap
|-
|ģ
|ɟ
|between '''d'''uty (without yod-dropping) and ar'''g'''ue
|-
|h
|x
|lo'''ch''' (Scottish English)
|-
|j
|j
|'''y'''awn
|-
|k
|k
|'''c'''at
|-
|ķ
|c
|similar to s'''k'''ew
|-
|l
|l
|'''l'''amp
|-
|ļ
|ʎ
|similar to Wi'''lli'''am
|-
|m
|m
|'''m'''ale
|-
|n
|n̪, ŋ
|like '''n'''ail, with the tongue touching the teeth, or si'''ng'''
|-
|ņ
|ɲ
|jalape'''ñ'''o
|-
|p
|p
|'''p'''eace
|-
|r
|r, [rʲ]
|rolled r, like Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o'' or Scottish English cu'''r'''d
|-
|s
|s̪
|like '''s'''ock, with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|š
|ʃ
|'''sh'''adow
|-
|t
|t̪
|like '''t'''able, with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|v
|v
|'''v'''acuum
|-
|z
|z̪
|like '''z'''ebra, with the tongue touching the teeth
|-
|ž
|ʒ
|vi'''si'''on
|}


==Video - Latvian Alphabet Pronunciation by a Native Speaker==
==Video - Latvian Alphabet Pronunciation by a Native Speaker==
Line 136: Line 332:


==Latvian Online Virtual Keyboard==
==Latvian Online Virtual Keyboard==
__NOCACHE__<include iframe src='https://polyglotclub.com/keyboard.php?souscat_url=standard-latvian' height='600px' frameborder='0' scrolling='yes' />
__NOCACHE__


<include iframe="" src="https://polyglotclub.com/keyboard.php?souscat_url=standard-latvian" height="600px" frameborder="0" scrolling="yes" />


[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]
[[Category:Alphabet-and-Pronunciation]]

Revision as of 10:47, 13 October 2021

Latvian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Latvian Alphabet, IPA Pronuncation, Video, Virtual Keyboard...

Hello Polyglots,


In today's lesson, you will learn how to write the different letters of the Latvian alphabet, how to pronounce these letters whether it is through the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), or through a video with the pronunciation of the letters by a native speaker.


You will also find at the end of this lesson a virtual keyboard to be able to type each special character of this language.


Latvian Alphabet and IPA Pronunciation

Alphabet

The Latvian standard alphabet has 33 letters:

Letter Name IPA
A, a a [ɑ]
Ā, ā garais ā [ɑː]
B, b bē [b]
C, c cē [t̪͡s̪]
Č, č čē [t͡ʃ]
D, d dē [d̪]
E, e e [e] , [æ]
Ē, ē garais ē [eː] , [æː]
F, f ef [f]
G, g gā [ɡ]
Ģ, ģ ģē [ɟ]
H, h hā [x]
I, i i [i]
Ī, ī garais ī [iː]
J, j jē [j]
K, k kā [k]
Ķ, ķ ķē [c]
L, l el [l]
Ļ, ļ eļ [ʎ]
M, m em [m]
N, n en [n̪], [ŋ]
Ņ, ņ eņ [ɲ]
O o o [ua̯], [o], [oː]
P, p pē [p]
R, r er [r], [rʲ]
S, s es [s̪]
Š, š eš [ʃ]
T, t tē [t̪]
U, u u [u]
Ū, ū garais ū [uː]
V, v vē [v]
Z, z zē [z̪]

Vowels

Grapheme IPA English approximation
a ɑ like father, but shorter
ā ɑː car
e e elephant
æ map
ē eː similar to play
æː like bad, but longer
i i Between it and eat
ī iː each
o [uɔ̯̯] tour (some dialects)
o not (some dialects)
oː though; boat
u u between look and Luke
ū uː you

Consonants

Grapheme IPA English approximation
b b brother
c t̪͡s̪ like cats, with the tongue touching the teeth
č t͡ʃ chair
d d̪ like door, with the tongue touching the teeth
dz d̪͡z̪ like lids, with the tongue touching the teeth
dž d͡ʒ jog
f f finger
g ɡ gap
ģ ɟ between duty (without yod-dropping) and argue
h x loch (Scottish English)
j j yawn
k k cat
ķ c similar to skew
l l lamp
ļ ʎ similar to William
m m male
n n̪, ŋ like nail, with the tongue touching the teeth, or sing
ņ ɲ jalapeño
p p peace
r r, [rʲ] rolled r, like Spanish perro or Scottish English curd
s s̪ like sock, with the tongue touching the teeth
š ʃ shadow
t t̪ like table, with the tongue touching the teeth
v v vacuum
z z̪ like zebra, with the tongue touching the teeth
ž ʒ vision

Video - Latvian Alphabet Pronunciation by a Native Speaker

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3


Latvian Online Virtual Keyboard

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