Difference between revisions of "Language/Spanish/Vocabulary/Counting-and-Numbers"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Well I edited it after having my father read it and make adjustments for clarification)
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
Números (numbers) are an essential, and highly common part of romantic languages. Although, there are many languages in which there are not números, and the people speaking them could not tell you a precise número for anything, Spanish, and other romantic languages, do contain números. And in these cultures, números are important. They are used to tell how many of things (dos celulares; two cellphones), how many people (una mesa para dos; a table for two), dates (el 23 de marzo de 2024, 23/3/24; March 23, 2024, 3/23/24), times (a las ochos; eight o’clock), etc. And thankfully, Spanish numbers are far simpler than French with 4 20s for 90. To start, let’s address 1-10.
[[File:Spanish-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
1- uno
[[File:Spanish-Countries-PolyglotClub.jpg|thumb]]
2- dos
'''Números''' (numbers) are an integral and universal component of Romance languages, which includes Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian, among others. Unlike certain languages that lack a precise system for quantification, Romance languages incorporate an elaborate numerical system. In these cultures, números are fundamental. They serve a myriad of functions: quantifying objects (e.g., ''dos celulares''; two cellphones), counting people (e.g., ''una mesa para dos''; a table for two), specifying dates (e.g., ''el 23 de marzo de 2024, 23/3/24''; March 23, 2024, 3/23/24), indicating times (e.g., ''a las ocho''; eight o'clock), and more. Notably, the structure of Spanish numbers is relatively simpler than that of French, where 90 is expressed as "quatre-vingt-dix" (four twenties plus ten).
3- tres
 
4- cuatro
===Basic Numbers (1-10)===
5- cinco
The fundamental digits in Spanish, which are the cornerstone for larger numbers, are as follows:
6- seis
* 1 - uno
7- siete
* 2 - dos
8- ocho
* 3 - tres
9- nueve
* 4 - cuatro
10- diez
* 5 - cinco
And everything else 1-99 is based off of these. Well, these, and ‘y’, the word for ‘and’.  
* 6 - seis
10’s are minorly more complicated, and more difficult to learn, as they are less connected, so we’ll start with the others.
* 7 - siete
20- veinte
* 8 - ocho
Now, with 20’s, there is no ‘y’ connecting them. You simply put them together, like in English, with no space or hyphen, and replace the ‘e’ with an ‘i’.
* 9 - nueve
21- veintiuno  
* 10 - diez
22- veintidós  
 
23- veintitrés
These basic numbers form the foundation for constructing larger numbers in Spanish.
24- veinticuatro
 
25- veinticinco
===Tens and Units (11-99)===
26- veintiséis
Apart from the basic digits, understanding the tens is crucial in Spanish:
27- veintisiete
* 20 - veinte
28- veintiocho
 
29- veintinueve
For numbers between 21 and 29, combine "veinte" with the units without using 'y':
Now, for the rest of the numbers, it is said in the form of 30 and 3, 40 and 6, 70 and 2. And they’re all rooted in the original numbers.
* 21 - veintiuno
30- treinta (tres)
* 22 - veintidós
40- cuarenta (cuatro)
* 23 - veintitrés
50- cincuenta (cinco)
* 24 - veinticuatro
60- sesenta (seis)
* 25 - veinticinco
70- setenta (siete)
* 26 - veintiséis
80- ochenta (ocho)
* 27 - veintisiete
90- noventa (nueve)
* 28 - veintiocho
Then to create numbers such as 33, or 46, you’ll do it like this.
* 29 - veintinueve
10’s digit, and 1’s digit.
 
30 (treinta) and (y) three (tres).
 
Treinta y tres = Thirty-three
For numbers 30 and beyond, combine the tens and the units using 'y' (and):
Cuarenta y seis = Forty-six
* 30 - treinta
Setenta y dos = Seventy-two
* 40 - cuarenta
Now, for the difficult part.
* 50 - cincuenta
The 10’s are still rooted in the original numbers, but are minorly more complex. In English, it is eleven, and twelve, before it goes into the teens. But in Spanish, it is 11-15 based off the number itself, 16-19 based off 10 and the number.
* 60 - sesenta
11- once
* 70 - setenta
12- doce
* 80 - ochenta
13- trece
* 90 - noventa
14- catorce
Examples:
15- quince
* 33 - treinta y tres
16- dieciséis
* 46 - cuarenta y seis
17- diecisiete
* 72 - setenta y dos
18- dieciocho
 
19- diecinueve
===Teens (11-19)===
Now that we have that, we only are going to have a few specific ones. First of all, 0 is cero, but now so we can go higher, I’ll explain these. You simply need to say the number of them before, then that, and then everything after. In English, we only say ‘and’ once in a sentence, or twice at most. Whereas in Spanish, ‘y’ (and) is said many more times, particularly when saying numbers.
The numbers from 11 to 19 are unique and need to be memorized:
100- cien (y…)
* 11 - once
1,000- mil (y…)
* 12 - doce
10,000- diez mil (y…)
* 13 - trece
100,000- cien mil (y…)
* 14 - catorce
1,000,000- millón (y…)
* 15 - quince
1,000,000,000- mil millones (y…)
* 16 - dieciséis
Once you become familiar with these, you can say all even vaguely practical numbers in Spanish!
* 17 - diecisiete
* 18 - dieciocho
* 19 - diecinueve
 
These form an essential part of the numerical system and are used frequently in everyday conversation.
 
===Larger Numbers (100 and beyond)===
For larger quantities, the structure in Spanish is as follows, expanding from the basics:
* 100 - cien (for exactly 100) or ciento (for 101 onwards, e.g., ciento uno, ciento dos)
* 1,000 - mil
* 10,000 - diez mil
* 100,000 - cien mil
* 1,000,000 - un millón
* 1,000,000,000 - mil millones
 
For numbers larger than a million, Spanish uses the plural form (e.g., ''dos millones'' for two million). Note that unlike English, Spanish uses a decimal comma and a thousand separator point (e.g., 1.000,00 for one thousand).
 
By mastering these numbers, Spanish speakers and learners can express virtually any numerical concept needed in daily life.

Latest revision as of 21:10, 24 March 2024

Spanish-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Spanish-Countries-PolyglotClub.jpg

Números (numbers) are an integral and universal component of Romance languages, which includes Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian, among others. Unlike certain languages that lack a precise system for quantification, Romance languages incorporate an elaborate numerical system. In these cultures, números are fundamental. They serve a myriad of functions: quantifying objects (e.g., dos celulares; two cellphones), counting people (e.g., una mesa para dos; a table for two), specifying dates (e.g., el 23 de marzo de 2024, 23/3/24; March 23, 2024, 3/23/24), indicating times (e.g., a las ocho; eight o'clock), and more. Notably, the structure of Spanish numbers is relatively simpler than that of French, where 90 is expressed as "quatre-vingt-dix" (four twenties plus ten).

Basic Numbers (1-10)[edit | edit source]

The fundamental digits in Spanish, which are the cornerstone for larger numbers, are as follows:

  • 1 - uno
  • 2 - dos
  • 3 - tres
  • 4 - cuatro
  • 5 - cinco
  • 6 - seis
  • 7 - siete
  • 8 - ocho
  • 9 - nueve
  • 10 - diez

These basic numbers form the foundation for constructing larger numbers in Spanish.

Tens and Units (11-99)[edit | edit source]

Apart from the basic digits, understanding the tens is crucial in Spanish:

  • 20 - veinte

For numbers between 21 and 29, combine "veinte" with the units without using 'y':

  • 21 - veintiuno
  • 22 - veintidós
  • 23 - veintitrés
  • 24 - veinticuatro
  • 25 - veinticinco
  • 26 - veintiséis
  • 27 - veintisiete
  • 28 - veintiocho
  • 29 - veintinueve


For numbers 30 and beyond, combine the tens and the units using 'y' (and):

  • 30 - treinta
  • 40 - cuarenta
  • 50 - cincuenta
  • 60 - sesenta
  • 70 - setenta
  • 80 - ochenta
  • 90 - noventa

Examples:

  • 33 - treinta y tres
  • 46 - cuarenta y seis
  • 72 - setenta y dos

Teens (11-19)[edit | edit source]

The numbers from 11 to 19 are unique and need to be memorized:

  • 11 - once
  • 12 - doce
  • 13 - trece
  • 14 - catorce
  • 15 - quince
  • 16 - dieciséis
  • 17 - diecisiete
  • 18 - dieciocho
  • 19 - diecinueve

These form an essential part of the numerical system and are used frequently in everyday conversation.

Larger Numbers (100 and beyond)[edit | edit source]

For larger quantities, the structure in Spanish is as follows, expanding from the basics:

  • 100 - cien (for exactly 100) or ciento (for 101 onwards, e.g., ciento uno, ciento dos)
  • 1,000 - mil
  • 10,000 - diez mil
  • 100,000 - cien mil
  • 1,000,000 - un millón
  • 1,000,000,000 - mil millones

For numbers larger than a million, Spanish uses the plural form (e.g., dos millones for two million). Note that unlike English, Spanish uses a decimal comma and a thousand separator point (e.g., 1.000,00 for one thousand).

By mastering these numbers, Spanish speakers and learners can express virtually any numerical concept needed in daily life.

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Spanish/Vocabulary/Counting-and-Numbers&oldid=292114"