Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Must‐Know-Words-for-Polyglots

Must-know words for polyglots.

Mainly about linguistic terms. Also other important things.

In progress. Far from being completed.

If you are interested in terms, see https://glossary.sil.org/term

English
linguistics phonetics phonology morphology syntax sematics pragmatics stylistics semiotics
phone
phoneme
syllable
consonant
vowel
letter
letter case
diacritic
alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet
root
morpheme
cognate
false friend
affix prefix suffix infix circumfix
parse tree
copula
function word content word
part of speech adverb conjunction interjection contraction particle classifier clitic numeral adjective attributive adjective predicative adjective nominal adjectives determiner article definite article indifinite article zero article demonstrative determiner possessive determiner quantifier adposition preposition postposition circumposition noun countable noun uncountable noun collective noun abstract noun concrete noun common noun proper noun pronoun personal pronoun reflexive pronoun reciprocal pronoun relative pronoun verb transitive verb intransitive verb modal verb reflexive verb auxillary verb participle
phrase adverbial phrase adjective phrase noun phrase adposition phrase verb phrase
clause argument clause adjuctive clause predicative clause dependent clause independent clause
sentence simple sentence compound sentence complex sentence compound-complex sentence declaritive sentence interrogative sentence exclamatory sentence imperative sentence instructive sentence major sentence minor sentence
punctuation
grammatical category person subject object valency gender masculine feminine neuter animate inanimate case nominative case accusative case dative case ablative case genitive case vocative case locative case instrumental case oblique case tense past tense present tense future tense aspect simple aspect progressive aspect & continous aspect perfect aspect mood realis mood indicative mood energenic mood irrealis mood subjunctive mood conditional mood optative mood imperative mood interrogative mood jussive mood potential mood desiderative mood voice active voice passive voice inflection conjugation declension comparison positive comparative superlative polarity affirmative negative number singular plural
linguistic typology word order analystic language isolating language synthetic language fusional language agglutinative language polysynthetic language
grammar predicate complement attributive adverbial
direct speech indirect speech
yes-no question
rhetoric figure of speech metaphor simile hyperbole parallelism antithesis rhetorical question metonymy irony double entendre
ambiguity
linguistic relativity
Rosetta Stone