Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Philosophical-and-Religious-Texts

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"The Deluge", frontispiece to Gustave Doré's illustrated edition of the Bible

This is a list of the most famous philosophical and religious texts.

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In progress.

Ancient Egyptian religion

text	introduction	link
𓂋𓏤𓈒𓈒𓈒𓏌𓏤𓉐𓂋𓏏𓂻𓅓𓉔𓂋𓅱𓇳𓏤 rw n(y)w prt m hrw(w)		English https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Papyrus_of_Ani

Ancient Greek religion

text	introduction	link
Οδύσσεια Odýsseia	The Odyssey recounts the return home of the hero Ulysses after the Trojan War, written by Homer.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B4%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1
Ἰλιάς Iliás	The poem describes the events of the tenth and final year of the siege of Troy by the Greeks, written by Homer.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%82
Θεογονία Theogoníā	A poem by Hesiod that describes the origin of the gods of Greek mythology as they were born and formed in human perception, following the first observations with the Earth (Gaia), the rivers, the vast sea, the shining stars and the vast sky above from everything.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1

Ancient Iranian religion

text	introduction	link
شاهنامه Šāhnāme		Persian, Arabic, English https://fa.wikisource.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87

Ancient Mesopotamian religion

text	introduction	link
(Epic of Gilgamesh)	Epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, regarded as the earliest surviving notable literature. It is a collection of legends and includes, among others, the famous myth of the Sumerian Flood.	Hebrew, English, Portuguese https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%A9

Ancient Roman religion

text	introduction	link
Metamorphoseon libri		multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Metamorphoses_(Ovidius)
Fasti		Latin https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Fasti

Aztec religion

text	introduction	link
Chilám Balám		English https://www.holybooks.com/book-chilam-balam-chumayel/
Popol Vuh		Spanish, Russian https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Popol_Vuh English https://www.holybooks.com/popol-vuh/

Baháʼí Faith

text	introduction	link
الكتاب الأقدس al-Kitāb al-Aqdas		English https://www.bahai.org/library/authoritative-texts/bahaullah/kitab-i-aqdas/

Buddhism

text	introduction	link
वज्रच्छेदिकाप्रज्ञापारमितासूत्र Vajracchedikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra		multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Vajracchedik%C4%81_Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra Tibetan https://tibetan.works/etext/reader.php?collection=kangyur&index=18
प्रज्ञापारमिताहृदय Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya		multiple languages https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AF

Chinese Folk Religion

text	introduction	link
山海經 Shǎn Hǎi Jīng		Chinese https://ctext.org/shan-hai-jing
拾遺記 Shí Yí Jì		Chinese https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%8B%BE%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%98
封神演義 Fēng Shén Yǎnyì		Chinese https://ctext.org/fengshen-yanyi
西遊記 Xī Yóu Jì		Chinese https://ctext.org/xiyouji

Chinese Legalism

text	introduction	link
韓非子 Hánfēi Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/hanfeizi
商君書 Shāng Jūn Shū		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/shang-jun-shu
申不害 Shēn Búhài		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/shen-bu-hai
慎子 Shèn Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/shenzi

Chinese Syncretism

link	introduction	text
呂氏春秋 Lǚshì Chūnqīu		Chinese https://ctext.org/lv-shi-chun-qiu
淮南子 Huáinán Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/huainanzi

Christianity

text	introduction	link
ביבליה‎ Biblia		multiple languages https://www.bible.com/languages multiple languages https://christos-c.com/bible/ English, Chinese https://bible.org/article/net-bible-download

Daoism

text	introduction	link
道德經 Dàodé Jīng		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/dao-de-jing
莊子 Zhuāng Zǐ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/zhuangzi
列子 Liè Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/liezi

Empiricism

text	introduction	link
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding	The view that all concepts originate in experience, all concepts are about or applicable to things that can be experienced, or that all rationally acceptable beliefs or propositions are justifiable or knowable only through experience. This definition accords with the derivation of the term empiricism from the ancient Greek word empeiria, “experience.” Written by Thomas Aquinas.	English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/An_Essay_Concerning_Human_Understanding
A Treatise of Human Nature	The Treatise is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, scepticism, and naturalism. Hume defends a sentimentalist account of morality, arguing that ethics is based on sentiment and the passions rather than reason, and famously declaring that "reason is, and ought only to be the slave to the passions".	English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treatise_of_Human_Nature

Epicureanism

text	introduction	link
Κύριαι Δόξαι Kūriai Dóxai	The basic principles of Epicurus philosophy	Greek, French https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%94%CF%8C%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%B9 English https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Principal_Doctrines

Hinduism

text	introduction	link
रामायण Rāmāyaṇa		Sanskrit, Engish https://readramayana.org/
महाभारतम् Mahābhāratam		multiple languages https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D
पुराण Purāṇa		Sanskrit https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D

Islam

text	introduction	link
القرآن al-Qurʾān		multiple languages https://github.com/mirfatif/NoorUlHuda multiple languages https://mp3quran.net/ multiple languages https://quran.com/ multiple languages http://qurandownload.com/ Arabic, English https://corpus.quran.com/

Sunni

text	introduction	link
صحيح البخاري Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī		Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/bukhari
صحيح مسلم Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim		Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/muslim
جامع الترمذي Jamiʽ at-Tirmidhi		Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi
سنن أبي داود‎ Sunan Abī Dāwūd		Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/abudawud
السنن الصغرى Al-Sunan al-Ṣughrā
سُنن ابن ماجه Sunan Ibn Mājah

Shia

text	introduction	link
ٱلْكَافِي al-Kāfī		Arabic, English https://www.hubeali.com/online-books/online-english-books/
مَنْ لَا يَحْضُرُه ٱلْفَقِيه Man lā Yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh
تَهْذِيب ٱلَأَحْكَام فِي شَرْح ٱلْمُقْنِعَه Tahdhib al-Ahkam fi Sharh al-Muqni'ah
ٱلِٱسْتِبْصَار فِيمَا ٱخْتَلَف مِن ٱلْأَخْبَار Al-Istibsar fi-ma ikhtalafa min al-Akhbar

Ibadi

text	introduction	link
الجامع الصحيح Al-Jāmiʿ al-Ṣaḥīḥ
ترتيب المسند Tartib al-Musnad

Jainism

text	introduction	link
षट्खण्डागम Ṣaṭkhaṅḍāgama

Judaism

text	introduction	link
תָּנָ״ךְ‎ Tānāḵ		Hebrew, English https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh Hebrew https://mechon-mamre.org/i/t/t0.htm English https://jps.org/download-the-tanakh-1917-translation/ English https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0.htm English https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/63255/jewish/The-Bible-with-Rashi.htm French https://mechon-mamre.org/f/ft/ft0.htm
תַּלְמוּד‎ Talmūḏ		Hebrew, English https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Talmud

Kantianism

text	introduction	link
Critik der reinen Vernunft		multiple languages https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Critik_der_reinen_Vernunft_(1781)

Machiavellianism

text	introduction	link
Il Principe		multiple languages https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Il_Principe

Mohism

text	introduction	link
墨子 Mò Zǐ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/mozi

Old Norse religion

text	introduction	link
Sæmundar Edda		multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Poetic_Edda
Snorra Edda		multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Prose_Edda
Der Nibelunge liet		English https://www.gutenberg.org/files/7321/7321-h/7321-h.htm
Beowulf		English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Beowulf

Peripatetic school (of Aristotle)

text	introduction	link
Μεταφυσικά Metàphusiká	The work of Aristotle, the first scientific research on the first principles and causes (causality) from which different beings derive their essential existence. It is the first metaphysical book in history.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC
Πολιτικά Politiká	Aristotle's treatise on the science of political life. The subject is approached from the point of view of the city-state, considering that it is the one that contributes to the most fulfilled life of the citizen.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC
Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια Ēthika Nikomacheia	It is one of three treatises that primarily analyze the forms and conditions of Aristotle's moral and intellectual virtue.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1
Κατηγορίαι Katēgoriai	Aristotle starts from the various abstract concepts - such as the color green, the concept tenderness, the concept low, slow, taste, and multiple - and tries to impose an order. He considers that each concept can be subordinated to a superior and thus arrives at the ten fundamental concepts which they call CATEGORIES	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CE%B9

Platoism

text	introduction	link
Φαίδων Phaidōn (Platon)	dialogues relating to the trial and execution of Socrates.	multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD

Renaissance humanism

text	introduction	link
Moriae encomium		multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Moriae_encomium
Libellus vere aureus, nec minus salutaris quam festivus, de optimo rei publicae statu deque nova insula Utopia		multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Utopia

Ruism

text	introduction	link
論語 Lún Yǔ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/analects
孟子 Mèng Zǐ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/mengzi
荀子 Xún Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/xunzi

Old Text School

text	introduction	link
春秋穀梁傳 Chūnqiū Gǔliáng Zhuàn		Chinese https://ctext.org/guliang-zhuan

Scholasticism

Thomism

text	introduction	link
Summa Theologiae (Summary of Theology of Thomas Aquinas)	Reasoning for almost all points of Christian theology in the West, topics of the Summa follow the following cycle: God. Creation, Man, Man's purpose, Christ, the Sacraments, and back to God.	Latin, English, Spanish https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Summa_Theologiae

School of Diplomacy

text	introduction	link
鬼谷子 Guǐ Gǔ Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/gui-gu-zi
戰國策 Zhàn Guó Cè		Chinese https://ctext.org/zhan-guo-ce

School of Names

text	introduction	link
公孫龍子 Gōngsūn Lóng Zǐ		Chinese https://ctext.org/gongsunlongzi

School of Military

text	introduction	link
孫子兵法 Sūn Zǐ Bīng Fǎ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/art-of-war
吳子 Wú Zǐ		Chinese, English https://ctext.org/wu-zi

Shintō

text	introduction	link
古事記 Kojiki		multiple languages https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%98
日本書紀 Nihon Shoki		multiple languages https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%9B%B8%E7%B4%80

Sikhism

text	introduction	link
ਗੁਰੂ ਗਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ Guru Granth Sahib		Panjabi, English https://www.sikhnet.com/Siri-Guru-Granth-Sahib#tab-read

Stoicism

text	introduction	link
Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν Ta eis heauton	Personal notes by Marc Aurele, written in Greek, addressed to himself and his ideas on Stoical philosophy.	Greek, English https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD

Zoroastrianism

text	introduction	link
اوستا Avesta