Difference between revisions of "Language/Mandarin-chinese/Vocabulary/Measure-words"
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You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几". | You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几". | ||
A Chinese version of [[wikipedia:For_Want_of_a_Nail|For Want of a Nail]] (from ''简单的逻辑学 Being Logical: A Guide to Good Thinking'', author: D.Q. McInerny, translator: 赵明燕, press: 中国人民大学出版社 China Renmin University Press, ISBN: 978-7-300-08853-2, page: 48) is: | A Chinese version of [[wikipedia:For_Want_of_a_Nail|For Want of a Nail]] (from ''简单的逻辑学 Being Logical: A Guide to Good Thinking'', author: D.Q. McInerny, translator: 赵明燕, press: 中国人民大学出版社 China Renmin University Press, ISBN: 978-7-300-08853-2, page: 48) is: | ||
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* 损了一'''位'''国王,输了一'''场'''战争; | * 损了一'''位'''国王,输了一'''场'''战争; | ||
* 输了一'''场'''战争,亡了一'''个'''帝国。 | * 输了一'''场'''战争,亡了一'''个'''帝国。 | ||
Revision as of 20:52, 17 January 2022
Chinese Measure Words
你好 Chinese Learners! 😃
➡ You will find below a comprehensive list of Chinese measure words.
In Chinese, in order to specify a certain number of something, you combine a number with a measure word (also named classifier, specifier), followed by the noun.
You need to know the right measure word when asking a "how much/many?" question using "jǐ 几".
A Chinese version of For Want of a Nail (from 简单的逻辑学 Being Logical: A Guide to Good Thinking, author: D.Q. McInerny, translator: 赵明燕, press: 中国人民大学出版社 China Renmin University Press, ISBN: 978-7-300-08853-2, page: 48) is:
- 失了一颗铁钉,丢了一只马蹄铁;
- 丢了一只马蹄铁,折了一匹战马;
- 折了一匹战马,损了一位国王;
- 损了一位国王,输了一场战争;
- 输了一场战争,亡了一个帝国。
Below is a comprehensive list of Chinese measure words and how to use them.
- Italic means uncommon.
Character | Pinyin | Usage or meaning | Example |
---|---|---|---|
把 | bǎ | handful thing | 一把粮食/一把糧食 a hand of grains |
班 | bān | group of people, scheduled transportation | 一班公交车/一班公車 a course of bus |
版 | bǎn | outdated unit for wall | |
般 | bān | kind | 一般风景/一般風景 a kind of scene |
瓣 | bàn | segment of flower | 一瓣花瓣 a segment of flower |
包 | bāo | pack | 一包烟/一包煙 a pack of cigarette |
抱 | bào | encirclement of one's two arms | 一抱柴火 an armful of firewood |
杯 | bēi | amount of a cup | 一杯咖啡 a cup of coffee |
倍 | bèi | time of amount | 两倍收入/兩倍收入 twice income |
本 | běn | book, plant | 一本书/一本書 a book |
笔/筆 | bǐ | payment, painting or calligraphy | 一笔交易/一筆交易 a deal |
遍 | biàn | number of times of action | 看一遍 look at it one time |
彪 | biāo | outdated, troop | |
柄 | bǐng | thing with a handle | 一柄锤子/一柄錘子 a hammer |
拨/撥 | bō | group | 一拨客人/一撥客人 a group of customers |
步 | bù | step, length of a step | 一步棋 a move of chess |
部 | bù | movie, novel, vehicle, phone, ... | 一部电影/一部電影 a movie |
槽 | cáo | groove | 一槽窗户/一槽窗戶 a slot of window |
册/冊 | cè | book | 一册书/一冊書 a book |
层/層 | céng | layer | 一层楼/一層樓 a floor |
常 | cháng | outdated length unit of 1 zhàng 4 chǐ | |
场/場 | chǎng | activity | 一场比赛/一場比賽 a match, 一场地震/一場地震 an earthquake |
cháng | number of times | 一场雨/一場雨 a rain | |
车/車 | chē | volume of a car/cart | 一车粮食/一車糧食 a car/cart of food |
酲 | chéng | wine urn | 一酲酒 an urn of wine |
重 | chóng | layer, piece | 三重门/三重門 three layers of door |
筹/籌 | chóu | people | 三筹好汉/三籌好漢 three heroes |
出/齣 | chū | drama | 一出戏/一齣戲 a show |
串 | chuàn | string of the same things | 一串葡萄 a bunch of grapes |
床 | chuáng | bedding | 一床被子 a quilt |
锤/錘 | chuí | outdated monetary unit | |
簇 | cù | cluster | 一簇鲜花/一簇鮮花 a cluster of flowers |
撮 | cuō | pinch, milliliter | 一撮土 a pinch of soil |
zuǒ | tuft | 一撮头发/一撮頭髮 a tuft of hair | |
搭 | dā | piece | |
打 | dá | dozen | 一打铅笔/一打鉛筆 a dozen pencils |
沓 | dá | pile | 一沓信纸/一沓信紙 a pile of letter paper |
tà | set | 一沓杯子 a set of cups | |
袋 | dài | amount of a sack | 一袋米 a sack of rice |
石 | dàn | outdated weight unit, outdated volume unit | |
担/擔 | dàn | thing beared by shoulders | 一担水/一擔水 a bucket of water |
儋 | dàn | outdated weight unit | |
刀 | dāo | time of cutting, 100 pieces of paper | 切三刀 to cut 3 times, 一刀纸/一刀紙 100 pieces of paper |
道 | dào | strip, door, meal, question, sight of intrest, ... | 一道门/一道門 a door |
磴 | dèng | stair | 十磴台阶/十磴台階 ten steps of stair |
滴 | dī | drop | 一滴水 a drop of water |
点/點 | diǎn | uncertain little amount | 一点甜味/一點甜味 a little sweetness |
吊 | diào | outdated monetery unit of 1000 coins | |
叠/疊 | dié | stack | 一叠盘子/一疊盤子 a stack of plates |
顶/頂 | dǐng | thing with a top | 一顶帽子/一頂帽子 a hat |
锭/錠 | dìng | ingot | 一锭银子/一錠銀子 an ingot of silver |
栋/棟 | dòng | building | 一栋楼/一棟樓 a building |
蔸 | dōu | plant | 一蔸草 a stick of grass |
堵 | dǔ | wall | 一堵墙/一堵牆 a wall |
段 | duàn | section | 一段布 a cloth |
堆 | duī | heap | 一堆垃圾 a heap of junk |
队/隊 | duì | team | 一队士兵/一隊士兵 a team of soldiers |
对/對 | duì | pair | 一对情侣/一對情侶 a pair of lovers |
吨/噸 | dūn | ton, volume unit for ship of 2.83 cubic metres | |
墩 | dūn | cluster of plants | 一千墩花生 a thousand peanuts |
朵 | duǒ | flower, cloud | 一朵花 a flower |
垛 | duò | pile | 一垛砖/一垛磚 a pile of brircks |
发/發 | fā | cartridge | 一发子弹/一發子彈 a bullet |
番 | fān | number of times, kind, piece, fold | 别有一番天地 being another kind of world, 翻一番 to double |
畈 | fàn | tract of field | 一畈田 a tract |
房 | fáng | string of fruit, wife or concubine | 一房侧室/一房側室 a side room (dweller) |
分 | fēn | divided part | 二分之一 1/2 |
份 | fèn | part | 一份牛排 a steak, 一份报纸/一份報紙 a newspaper |
缶 | fǒu | outdated volume unit of 16 or 32 dǒu | |
幅 | fú | paintiing, cloth | 一幅画/一幅畫 a painting |
副 | fù | set of thing, attitude | 一副盔甲 a suit of armor, 一副笑脸/一副笑臉 a smiling face |
陔 | gāi | stage | |
竿 | gān | bamboo, pipe smoke | 一竿烟/一竿煙 a pipe smoke |
杆 | gǎn | thing with a pole | 一杆枪/一杆槍 a gun |
合 | gě | volume unit of 1/10 litre, outdated untelsil for grains | |
个/個 | gè | universal measure word | 一个人/一個人 a person, 一个场景/一個場景 a scene |
根 | gēn | thing of strip shape | 一根电线/一根電線 a wire |
弓 | gōng | outdated length unit of 1/5 chǐ | |
股 | gǔ | whiff, stream, band of people | 一股烟/一股煙 a smoke |
挂/掛 | guà | string | 一挂鞭炮/一掛鞭炮 a string of crackers |
管 | guǎn | slender cylindrical thing | 一管铅笔/一管鉛筆 a pencil |
桄 | guàng | reel | 一桄线/一桄線 a reel of string |
过/過 | guò | number of times | |
号/號 | hào | people | 几十号人/幾十號人 tens of people |
合 | hé | round of fight | 战了五十合/戰了五十合 fought 50 rounds |
gě | volume unit of 1/10 litre, outdated untelsil for grains | ||
泓 | hóng | pure water | 一泓清泉 a fountain |
户/戶 | hù | family | 一户人家/一戶人家 a mafily |
回 | huí | number of times, chapter, moment | 上一回 last time |
伙/夥 | huǒ | group of people | 一伙强盗/一夥強盜 a group of robbers |
和 | huò | time of changing water | 洗了三和 washed three times |
级/級 | jí | step, stage, head | 一级人头/一級人頭 a head of man |
记/記 | jì | hit on body | 一记耳光/一記耳光 a slap in the face |
剂/劑 | jì | decoction of medicinal ingredients | 一剂药/一劑藥 a dose of medicine |
家 | jiā | family, shop or enterprise, ... | 一家店铺/一家店鋪 a shop |
架 | jià | distance between posts, thing with posts | 一架飞机/一架飛機 an aeroplane |
肩 | jiān | shoulder | 一肩重担/一肩重擔 a shoulder burden |
间/間 | jiān | room | 一间公寓/一間公寓 an apartment |
煎 | jiān | decoction | 一煎药/一煎藥 a decoction |
件 | jiàn | affair, garment | 一件事 an affair |
角 | jiǎo | monetary unit of 1/10 yuán, quarter, outdated measuring vessel | 屋子一角 a corner of the house |
绞/絞 | jiǎo | skein | 一绞毛线/一絞毛線 a woolen thread |
觉/覺 | jiào | sleep | 一觉/一覺 a sleep |
节/節 | jié | section | 一节比赛/一節比賽 a section of game, 一节竹子/一節竹子 a section of bamboo |
截 | jié | cut piece | 一截木头/一截木頭 a section of wood |
介 | jiè | person with occupation (humble) | 一介书生/一介書生 a scholar |
届/屆 | jiè | term of meeting or the group of students to graduate | 一届会议/一屆會議 a meeting |
斤 | jīn | weight unit of 500 grams | |
进/進 | jìn | layer | |
茎/莖 | jīng | thin stick | 一茎草/一莖草 a stick of grass |
掬 | jū | amount of hands holding | 一掬土 soil held by hands |
举/舉 | jǔ | outdated weight unit of 3 liǎng | |
筥 | jǔ | four bundles of seedlings | |
句 | jù | sentence | 一句话/一句話 a sentence |
具 | jù | coffin, corpse, bracket clock, ... | 一具棺材 a coffin |
犋 | jù | animal power unit of number of animals pulling a tool | |
卷 | juǎn | wad, amount of a roll | 一卷钞票/一卷鈔票 a wad of banknotes |
开/開 | kāi | karat, folds of folio | |
棵 | kē | plant | 一棵树/一棵樹 a tree |
颗/顆 | kē | grain | 一颗珍珠/一顆珍珠 a pearl |
客 | kè | sale of food | 一客冰淇淋 an ice-cream |
孔 | kǒng | cave, bridge, ... | 一孔油井 an oil well |
口 | kǒu | well, mouthful of food | 一口井 a well |
扣 | kòu | bunch of document, thread lap | 拧了三扣/擰了三扣 screwed three laps |
块/塊 | kuài | piece, lump, colloquial yuán | 一块冰/一塊冰 an ice |
捆 | kǔn | bundle | 一捆柴 a bundle of firewood |
拉 | lǎ | the divided | 半拉地 the half of divided land |
累 | lěi | outdated weight unit | |
厘 | lí | magnitude of 1/100, length unit, weight unit, acreage unit,
interest rate unit |
厘米 centimetre |
粒 | lì | round small thing | 一粒药/一粒藥 a pill |
联/聯 | lián | pair | 对联/對聯 couplet |
两/兩 | liǎng | weight unit, 50 grams for now | 半斤八两/半斤八兩 half jīn and eight liǎng (at the same level, idiom, derogatory) |
緉 | liǎng | pair of shoes | |
辆/輛 | liàng | vehicle | 一辆车/一輛車 a car |
料 | liào | decoction, number of times | 一料药/一料藥 a decoction |
列 | liè | row of the same things | 一列火车/一列火車 a train |
令 | lǐng | 500 pieces of paper | 一令纸/一令紙 500 pieces of paper |
领/領 | lǐng | mat | 一领席/一領席 a mat |
绺/綹 | liǔ | tuft | 一绺丝线/一綹絲線 a thread |
溜 | liù | row | 一溜房屋 a row of houses |
炉/爐 | lú | heat | 一炉钢/一爐鋼 a heat of steel |
轮/輪 | lún | round thing, number of times | 一轮明月/一輪明月 a round bright moon |
罗/羅 | luó | gross | |
落 | luò | pile | |
摞 | luò | stack | 一摞砖/一摞磚 a pile of bricks |
缕/縷 | lǚ | strand | 一缕头发/一縷頭髮 a strand of hair |
锊/鋝 | lüè | outdated weight unit, 6 liǎng | |
码/碼 | mǎ | thing, pile, length unit yard | 一码砖/一碼磚 a pile of bricks |
卖/賣 | mài | dish | 一卖杂烩/一賣雜燴 a dish of chowder |
枚 | méi | piece | 一枚邮票/一枚郵票 a stamp |
眉 | méi | crescent | 一眉新月 a new moon |
美 | měi | mel scale | |
门/門 | mén | cannon | 一门大炮/一門大砲 a big cannon |
面 | miàn | flat thing | 一面镜子/一面鏡子 a mirror |
秒 | miǎo | time unit second, degree unit second | |
缗/緡 | mín | string of 1000 coins | |
名 | míng | people | 一名商人 a merchant |
陌 | mò | outdated monetary unit, 100 wén | |
亩/畝 | mǔ | area unit, 1/15 hectare for now | 一亩地/一畝地 1 mǔ of land |
耦 | ǒu | pair | |
排 | pái | row | 一排房子 a row of houses |
派 | pài | scenery, meteorology, sound, language, ... | 一派胡言 nonsence |
爿 | pán | shop, factory, field, part of the integrated | 一爿商店 a shop |
盘/盤 | pán | plate, round of chess | 一盘石磨/一盤石磨 a plate of stone mill |
泡 | pāo | number of times of defecation | |
抛 | pāo | number of times of defecation | |
脬 | pāo | number of times of defecation | |
盆 | pén | pot, outdated volume unit | 一盆花 a pot of flower |
蓬 | péng | dishevelled thing | 一蓬凤尾竹/一蓬鳳尾竹 a Bambusa multiplex |
捧 | pěng | double handful | 一捧土 handful of soil |
批 | pī | large thing or large amount of things | 一批货物/一批貨物 a batch of goods |
篇 | piān | piece of writing, sheet of paper | 一篇文章 an article |
片 | piàn | tablet, stretch, scene | 一片森林 a forest |
票 | piào | ticket | 一票生意 a ticket of business |
撇 | piě | side-falling thing | 两撇眉毛/兩撇眉毛 two eyebrows |
榀 | pǐn | roof truss | |
抔 | póu | grains | 一抔沙子 a handful of sand |
铺/鋪 | pū | mat or mattress | 一铺褥子/一鋪褥子 a mattress |
骑/騎 | qí/jì | a person with a horse | 千乘万骑/千乘萬騎 thousand chariots and ten thousand cavalry |
起 | qǐ | number of times, case, group, batch | 一起诉讼/一起訴訟 a lawsuit |
掐 | qiā | amount of thumb and another finger tip | |
钱/錢 | qián | outdated weight unit mace, weight unit of 1/100 kilogram | |
腔 | qiāng | animal | 一腔猪/一腔豬 a pig |
顷/頃 | qǐng | area unit of 2/3 hectares | |
丘/坵 | qiū | divided paddy field | 一丘田/一坵田 a paddy field |
躯/軀 | qū | body | 一躯死尸/一軀死屍 a corpse |
曲 | qǔ | song | 一曲歌 a song |
圈 | quān | loop | 一圈铁丝/一圈鐵絲 a circle of wire |
拳 | quán | punch on body | 打一拳 hit a punch |
阕/闋 | què | lyrics | 一阕词/一闋詞 a line of verse |
群 | qún | group | 一群天鹅/一群天鵝 a group of swans |
任 | rèn | term of office | 一任总统/一任總統 a president |
扇 | shàn | door, window | 一扇门/一扇門 a door |
身 | shēn | clothing on whole body | 一身衣服 a set of clothing |
声/聲 | shēng | number of times of sound | 一声叹息/一聲嘆息 a sigh |
乘 | shèng | chariot | 千乘之国/千乘之國 country with a thousand chariots |
事 | shì | piece of garment | |
手 | shǒu | skill | 一手奇招 a trick |
首 | shǒu | poem, lyric, song | 一首诗/一首詩 a poem |
熟 | shú | crop, bearing | 一年三熟 three crops a year |
束 | shù | bundle | 一束花 a bundle of flowers |
双/雙 | shuāng | pair | 一双翅膀/一雙翅膀 a pair of wings |
艘 | sōu | ship | 一艘船 a ship |
梭 | suō | shuttle, bullet clip | 一梭子弹/一梭子彈 a clip of bullets |
所 | suǒ | building with usage, mountain, island | 一所学校/一所學校 a school |
索 | suǒ | outdated length unit of 10 zhàng, length of a rope, coins on a string | |
丝/絲 | sī | magnitude of 1/10000 | 丝米/絲米 1/10000 metre |
塔 | tǎ | piece | |
台(/臺) | tái | drama, aparatus, ... | 一台电视/一台電視 a television |
抬(/擡) | tái | thing lifted by two people | 八抬大轿/八抬大轎 eight lift sedan chair |
摊/攤 | tān | pool | 一滩水/一灘水 a pool of water |
坛/壇 | tán | relative to altar, earthen jug | 一坛佛事/一壇佛事 a Buddhism ritual |
堂 | táng | lesson, set | 一堂课/一堂課 a lesson |
趟 | tàng | step, suit in drama | 一趟火车/一趟火車 a course of train |
套 | tào | set | 一套餐具 a set of tableware |
提 | tí | objects being carried | 一提酒 wine being carried |
替 | tì | nubmer of times | |
挑 | tiāo | carrying pole with its load | 一挑水 two barrels of water |
条/條 | tiáo | strip, fish | 一条鱼/一條魚 a fish |
贴/貼 | tiē | plaster | 一贴膏药/一貼膏藥 a plaster |
帖 | tiě | mixed decotion | 一帖中药/一帖中藥 a dose of Chinese medicine |
莛 | tíng | stalk | 一莛草 a stick of grass |
梃 | tǐng | pole | |
挺 | tǐng | straight object | 一挺机关枪/一挺機關槍 a machine gun |
通 | tōng | number of times, telegram, phone call | 一通电话/一通電話 a phone call |
统/統 | tǒng | stele or timber, 1539 years | |
桶 | tǒng | barrel | 一桶水 a barrel of water |
筒 | tǒng | tube | 一筒米 a barrel of rice |
头/頭 | tóu | animal | 一头大象/一頭大象 an elephant |
团/團 | tuán | lump | 一团毛线/一團毛線 a ball of wool |
砣 | tuó | block | 一砣石头/一砣石頭 a stone |
庹 | tuǒ | outddated, length of stretched arms | |
弯/彎 | wān | curved moon | 一弯明月/一彎明月 a curved bright moon |
湾/灣 | wān | place on water | |
碗 | wǎn | bowl, lantern | 一碗水 a bowl of water |
汪 | wāng | pool | 一汪水 a pool of water |
围/圍 | wéi | thing can be circled, length of a circle of two arms or fingers | 一围玉带/一圍玉帶 a jade belt |
尾 | wěi | fish | 一尾鱼/一尾魚 a fish |
味 | wèi | kind of medicinal herb | 五味药/五味藥 five kinds of herb |
文 | wén | old coin | 一文钱/一文錢 a penny |
窝/窩 | wō | brood | 一窝小鸡/一窩小雞 a nest of chicks |
握 | wò | length of a fist, volume of a hand | |
武 | wǔ | outdated length unit of 6 chǐ | |
席 | xí | table of meal | 一席酒 a table of wine |
袭/襲 | xí | suit, layer | |
下 | xià | time of the same action | 点击鼠标两下/點擊滑鼠兩下 click the mouse two times |
线/線 | xiàn | gleam | 一线希望/一線希望 a glimmer of hope |
箱 | xiāng | volume of a box | 一箱宝石/一箱寶石 a box of precious stones |
响/響 | xiǎng | number of times of sound | 双响/雙響 two times of sound |
项/項 | xiàng | item | 一项任务/一項任務 a task |
些 | xiē | some, somewhat | 一些人 some people |
歇 | xiē | number of times, moment | 歇一歇 take a break |
巡 | xún | urging guests to drink | 酒过三巡/酒過三巡 after three times of persuading to drink |
浔/潯 | xún | depth unit fathom | |
眼 | yǎn | well | 一眼井 a well |
样/樣 | yàng | kind | 多样/多樣 diverse |
引 | yǐn | outdated length unit, 10 zhàng | |
匝 | zā | turn | 绕树三匝/繞樹三匝 around the tree three turns |
扎 | zā | bunch | 一扎钱/一扎錢 a bunch of cash |
载/載 | zài | capacity of a cart, 40 liǎng | |
遭 | zāo | time of encounter | 走一遭 go a time |
造 | zào | number of times of harvest | |
则/則 | zé | article | 一则公告/一則公告 an annoncement |
拃 | zhǎ | length of spreaded thumb and middle finger tips | |
盏/盞 | zhǎn | lamp, lantern | 一盏灯/一盞燈 a lamp |
张/張 | zhāng | piece of paper, table, chair, mouth, bow, ... | 一张明信片/一張明信片 a postcard |
章 | zhāng | movement of a song, chapter, tree | |
丈 | zhàng | length unit, 10/3 metre for now | 万丈深渊/萬丈深淵 ten thousand zhàng depth abyss |
帧/幀 | zhēn | piece of picture | 一帧油画/一幀油畫 an oil painting |
支 | zhī | rod, team, song, wattage of bulb | 一支钢笔/一支鋼筆 a pen |
只/隻 | zhī | animal, wing, ... | 一只老虎/一隻老虎 a tiger |
枝 | zhī | sprig, rod | 一枝月桂 a laurel |
纸/紙 | zhǐ | sheet of paper | 一纸空文/一紙空文 an invalid paper |
秩 | zhì | decade | |
盅 | zhōng | handleless small cup | 一盅酒 a little cup of wine |
钟/锺 | zhōng | handleless small cup, outdated volumn unit | |
荮/葤 | zhòu | ware bundled with grass | 一荮盘子/一荮盤子 a bundle of plates |
株 | zhū | plant | 一株树/一株樹 a tree |
铢/銖 | zhū | outdated weight unit, outdated monetary unit, monetary unit baht | |
注 | zhù | gambling capital, payment, rain | 一注钱/一注錢 a note of money |
炷 | zhù | lit incense | 一炷香 a lit incense |
转/轉 | zhuàn | rotation, number of times | 每分钟300转/每分鐘300轉 300 rounds per minute |
zhuǎn | number of times about promotion | ||
庄/莊 | zhuāng | matter | |
桩/樁 | zhuāng | matter | 一桩案件/一樁案件 a case |
幢 | zhuàng/chuáng | building | 一幢大楼/一幢大樓 a large building |
锱/錙 | zī | outdated weight unit | |
宗 | zōng | matter | 一宗诉讼/一宗訴訟 a lawsuit |
综/綜 | zōng | tuft | 一综线/一綜線 a tuft of line |
组/組 | zǔ | set, bundle | 一组发电机/一組發電機 a set of generator, 一组线/一組線 a bundle of line |
尊 | zūn | idol, cannon, cup of wine | 一尊大炮/一尊大砲 a cannon |
座 | zuò | big and not movable thing | 一座山 a mountain |
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