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==TO SAY HELLO AND INDICATE THE MOMENT OF THE DAY== | ==TO SAY HELLO AND INDICATE THE MOMENT OF THE DAY== | ||
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|御 (お) || o || honorific prefix | |御 (お) || o || honorific prefix | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |早 (早(く)) || haya(ku) || early | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ございます|| gozaimasu || polite suffix | |ございます|| gozaimasu || polite suffix | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">こんにちは (konnichiwa) </span>: commonly written with hiragana. The form in kanji 今日は is more employed to say “today ...”, and pronounced as “きょうは”. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >こんにちは (konnichiwa) </span>: commonly written with hiragana. The form in kanji 今日は is more employed to say “today ...”, and pronounced as “きょうは”. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">こんばんは (konbanwa)</span> | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >こんばんは (konbanwa)</span> | ||
As for こんばんは, there is a form in kanji 今晩は for “tonight ...”, but contrary to こんにちは, it reads こんばんは. Take a look to the kanji. | As for こんばんは, there is a form in kanji 今晩は for “tonight ...”, but contrary to こんにちは, it reads こんばんは. Take a look to the kanji. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">今 </span>: This kanji read alone is いま (ima). It means “now". | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >今 </span>: This kanji read alone is いま (ima). It means “now". | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">日 </span>: This one is にち (nichi). The meaning of this is “day” | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >日 </span>: This one is にち (nichi). The meaning of this is “day” | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">晩 </span>: The last is ばん (ban). The kanji for “evening/night”. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >晩 </span>: The last is ばん (ban). The kanji for “evening/night”. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">お休みなさい おやすみなさい oyasuminasai</span>: Have a good night. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >お休みなさい おやすみなさい oyasuminasai</span>: Have a good night. | ||
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お honorific prefix | お honorific prefix | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">休み やすみ </span>: holiday / resting | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >休み やすみ </span>: holiday / resting | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">為さい なさい </span>: a verbal form of saying "to do" | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >為さい なさい </span>: a verbal form of saying "to do" | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">おひさしぶり お久し振り ohisashiburi</span>: Long time no see. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >おひさしぶり お久し振り ohisashiburi</span>: Long time no see. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">久さしい ひさしい hisashii</span>: indicate a long period of time. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >久さしい ひさしい hisashii</span>: indicate a long period of time. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">振り | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >振り ぶり buri</span> is a time mark. | ||
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==GREETING WITHOUT TIME INFLUENCE== <!--T:20--> | ==GREETING WITHOUT TIME INFLUENCE== <!--T:20--> | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">さよなら sayonara</span>: Simply means bye. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >さよなら sayonara</span>: Simply means bye. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">バイバイ Bai-Bai Bye-Bye</span>: The english-like form. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >バイバイ Bai-Bai Bye-Bye</span>: The english-like form. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">またね matane</span>: mata means « again », ne is a particle to sustain your idea. So, we can say it is : See you again. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >またね matane</span>: mata means « again », ne is a particle to sustain your idea. So, we can say it is : See you again. | ||
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When you welcome someone who is not from the place you are, you should use | ====When you welcome someone who is not from the place you are, you should use==== | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">ようこそ youkoso.</span>: It means WELCOME! For example if your friends is coming from another country to yours (Japanese friend to France) | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >ようこそ youkoso.</span>: It means WELCOME! For example if your friends is coming from another country to yours (Japanese friend to France) | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">フランスへようこそ。furansu e yokoso.</span> | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >フランスへようこそ。furansu e yokoso.</span> | ||
へ reads “e” as location particle. | へ reads “e” as location particle. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px"> 宜しくお願いします よろしくおねがいします yoroshiku onegaishimasu。</span>: Pleased to meet you. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" > 宜しくお願いします よろしくおねがいします yoroshiku onegaishimasu。</span>: Pleased to meet you. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">宜しく よろしく yoroshiku</span> : Best regards | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >宜しく よろしく yoroshiku</span> : Best regards | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">お願い おねがい onegai</span>: A useful sentence to express a wish | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >お願い おねがい onegai</span>: A useful sentence to express a wish | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">します shimasu</span>: Polite and affirmative form of the verb | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >します shimasu</span>: Polite and affirmative form of the verb | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">する suru</span>: TO DO, commonly used. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >する suru</span>: TO DO, commonly used. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">ヤッホー Yahoo/オオイ Ooi</span>: HEY! Particularly employed by teenagers. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >ヤッホー Yahoo/オオイ Ooi</span>: HEY! Particularly employed by teenagers. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">元気ですか げんきですか Genki desu ka</span> : How are you doing? | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >元気ですか げんきですか Genki desu ka</span> : How are you doing? | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">元 げん gen</span>: origin | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >元 げん gen</span>: origin | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">気 き ki</span>: spirit | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >気 き ki</span>: spirit | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">です desu</span>: (to be) | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >です desu</span>: (to be) | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">か ka</span>: particle for question. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >か ka</span>: particle for question. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">頑張って がんばって ganbatte</span> : It is a greeting to give some force, some courage to someone. The way to persevere. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >頑張って がんばって ganbatte</span> : It is a greeting to give some force, some courage to someone. The way to persevere. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">頑 がん gan</span> approximately means to extend | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >頑 がん gan</span> approximately means to extend | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">張 ば ba</span> could be translate as hustle | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >張 ば ba</span> could be translate as hustle | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">って tte</span> : This is a kind of imperative form. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >って tte</span> : This is a kind of imperative form. | ||
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It comes from the verb 頑張る がんばる ganbaru. | It comes from the verb 頑張る がんばる ganbaru. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">おめでとう(ございます) Omedetou(gozaimasu)</span>: Congratulations! | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >おめでとう(ございます) Omedetou(gozaimasu)</span>: Congratulations! | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">ありとう(ございます) Arigatou(gozaimasu)</span>: Thank you(very much) | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >ありとう(ございます) Arigatou(gozaimasu)</span>: Thank you(very much) | ||
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In Japan, we use some expressions that have no equal in french and probably not in any other else language in the world. | ====In Japan, we use some expressions that have no equal in french and probably not in any other else language in the world.==== | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">お疲れ様 おつかれさま otsukaresama</span>: It is employed when people ends a hard working day. It means something like : thank you for doing your best at work. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >お疲れ様 おつかれさま otsukaresama</span>: It is employed when people ends a hard working day. It means something like : thank you for doing your best at work. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">疲れる つかれる tsukareru</span>: the verb to express the sensation of tiredness. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >疲れる つかれる tsukareru</span>: the verb to express the sensation of tiredness. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">様 さま sama</span>: An honorific suffix | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >様 さま sama</span>: An honorific suffix | ||
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The Japanese | ====The Japanese really like using prefixes and suffixes according to the social status, the age and the gender.==== | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">只今 ただいま tadaima</span> Litt. “I’m home”. You will use this one, when you open the door and there is someone inside. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >只今 ただいま tadaima</span> Litt. “I’m home”. You will use this one, when you open the door and there is someone inside. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">お帰りなさいおかえり(なさい) okaeri(nasai)</span> This one works with the previous. The people inside will answer Okaeri to Tadaima. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >お帰りなさいおかえり(なさい) okaeri(nasai)</span> This one works with the previous. The people inside will answer Okaeri to Tadaima. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">帰 is the kanji of the verb 帰る かえる kaeru</span> which indicated that you are coming back. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >帰 is the kanji of the verb 帰る かえる kaeru</span> which indicated that you are coming back. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">行ってらっしゃい いってらっしゃい itterasshai</span>: "Have a good day", particulary when you are going to move (for example to work) and somebody support you. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >行ってらっしゃい いってらっしゃい itterasshai</span>: "Have a good day", particulary when you are going to move (for example to work) and somebody support you. | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">行って いって itte</span> is the imperative form of the verb 行く いく iku: TO GO | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >行って いって itte</span> is the imperative form of the verb 行く いく iku: TO GO | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">らっしゃい rasshai </span>: Is a mark of moving comes from honorific language. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >らっしゃい rasshai </span>: Is a mark of moving comes from honorific language. | ||
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* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">気を付けて きをつけて Ki o tsukete</span>: Take care of you (When you are going somewhere). This includes that you have to move | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >気を付けて きをつけて Ki o tsukete</span>: Take care of you (When you are going somewhere). This includes that you have to move | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">付ける つける Tsukeru</span> in its て form which really includes the notion of concern/care by the people who say it. | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >付ける つける Tsukeru</span> in its て form which really includes the notion of concern/care by the people who say it. | ||
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So, if you are going to work and your wife / husband is going staying at home, he/she can say : | So, if you are going to work and your wife / husband is going staying at home, he/she can say : | ||
* <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px">行ってらっしゃい、気を付けて。お仕事頑張って下さい。 Itterasshai, ki wo tsukete. Oshigoto ganbatte kudasai. </span> | * <span style=" color:#8b4513; font-size:18px" >行ってらっしゃい、気を付けて。お仕事頑張って下さい。 Itterasshai, ki wo tsukete. Oshigoto ganbatte kudasai. </span> | ||
==TWO MORE WORDS== <!--T:41--> | ==TWO MORE WORDS== <!--T:41--> | ||
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Gozaimasu and Kudasai. | |||
As you can read before some words or sentence use | As you can read before some words or sentence use gozaimasu. Like : Ohayougozaimasu, arigatougozaimasu, omedetougowazaimasu. | ||
Gozaimasu simply means ;”There is” when it’s combined with a greeting. | |||
You can also consider it means “to exist”. For example “ARIGATOUGOZAIMASU” ; “it exist some thanks”. It is not very correct translation but it is the idea. | |||
You can also consider it means “to exist”. | |||
For example | |||
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Some other are built with | Some other are built with kudasai. | ||
Kudasai is a form of the verb kudasaru which means “to confer” | |||
==VIDEOS== <!--T:44--> | ==VIDEOS== <!--T:44--> | ||
<youtube>hC3CPr5nyIs</youtube> | <youtube>hC3CPr5nyIs</youtube> | ||
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==Authors== | ==Authors== | ||
[ | [http://polyglotclub.com/member/BriceJ BriceJ] | ||
{{#seo: | {{#seo: | ||
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|og:image=http://wiki.polyglotclub.com/images/d/d8/Greetings_japanese.png | |og:image=http://wiki.polyglotclub.com/images/d/d8/Greetings_japanese.png | ||
}} | }} | ||
</translate> | |||
[[Category: Japanese/Advanced]] | [[Category: Japanese/Advanced]] | ||
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[[Category: Japanese/Vocabulary]] | [[Category: Japanese/Vocabulary]] | ||
[[Category:Greetings]] | [[Category:Greetings]] | ||