Difference between revisions of "Language/German/Grammar/Cases"
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[[File: | [[File:learn-german-polyglot-club2.jpg|thumb]] | ||
Hello everybody, | |||
In today's lesson you will learn how to use '''¨CASES¨''' in German. | |||
There are four cases in German: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive. | There are four cases in German: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive. | ||
* Nominative indicates the subject of a verb, such as "the monkey" in "'''The monkey''' eats a banana." "'''Der Affe''' isst eine Banane." | * Nominative (Nom. or N) indicates the subject of a verb, such as "the monkey" in "'''The monkey''' eats a banana." "'''Der Affe''' isst eine Banane." | ||
* Accusative indicates the direct object | * Accusative (Akk. or A) indicates the direct object, such as "a pen" in "He bought '''a pen'''." "Er hat '''einen Stift''' gekauft." | ||
* Dative indicates the | * Dative (Dat. or D) indicates the indirect object, such as "him" in "His father will give '''him''' a tricycle." "Sein Vater wird '''ihm''' ein Dreirad geben." | ||
* Genitive usually indicates the | * Genitive (Gen. or G) usually indicates the possessor of something, such as "my mom" in "This is a helicopter of '''my mom'''." "Das ist ein Hubschrauber '''meiner Mutter'''." | ||
After you've delved into this material, you may find these associated topics worth exploring: [[Language/Swiss-german/Grammar/Gender|Gender]], [[Language/German/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]], [[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Tense---Part-1---Perfect-Tense|Past Tense Part 1 Perfect Tense]] & [[Language/German/Grammar/Talking-About-Obligations|Talking About Obligations]]. | |||
== '''Prepositions''' == | |||
'''may require accusative, dative or genitive objects. They can be found here:''' | |||
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German/Grammar/Prepositions_and_Postpositions. | |||
== '''Verbs''' == | |||
may require accusative, dative or genitive objects. | |||
== '''Dative verbs''' == | |||
can be found here: | |||
http://germanforenglishspeakers.com/reference/dative-verbs | |||
== '''Genitive verbs''' == | |||
can be found here: | |||
https://easy-deutsch.de/en/verbs/verbs-with-complements/genitive/ | |||
You can assume other verbs are all accusative, if you don't want to bother search each new verb you meet. | |||
English Wikibooks has an article on: [[wikibooks:German/Grammar/Cases|cases]]. | |||
==In other languages== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!'''<big>Nos</big>''' | |||
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big> | |||
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big> | |||
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>''' | |||
!'''<big>GERMAN</big>''' | |||
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>''' | |||
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>''' | |||
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>''' | |||
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>''' | |||
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|'''01''' | |||
|'''Nominative''' : it indicates the | |||
subject of a verb, such as | |||
"the monkey" | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''Nominativo''' : Indica o sujeito do verbo, como em | |||
¨o macaco¨ | |||
|- | |||
|'''02''' | |||
|'''Ex.:The monkey''' | |||
'''eats a banana''' | |||
|'''''dehr ah feh eest''''' | |||
'''''ah ih neh bah nah neh''''' | |||
|<big>'''Der Affe isst eine Banane'''</big> | |||
|'''''dér á fe iist áine''''' | |||
'''''ba na ne''''' | |||
|'''Ex.: O macaco''' | |||
'''come a maçã''' | |||
|- | |||
|'''03''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|'''04''' | |||
|'''Accusative''' : It indicates | |||
the direct object, such as | |||
"a pen" | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''Acusativo''' : Indica o objeto direto, como em | |||
¨a caneta¨ | |||
|- | |||
|'''05''' | |||
|'''Ex.: He bought''' | |||
'''a pen''' | |||
|'''''ehr haht ah ih nehn''''' | |||
'''''shtihft geh cow fiht''''' | |||
|<big>'''Er hat einen Stift gekauft.'''</big> | |||
|'''''er Hat ái nen chtift''''' | |||
'''''gue káufit''''' | |||
|'''Ele comprou''' | |||
'''uma caneta''' | |||
|- | |||
|'''06''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|'''07''' | |||
|'''Dative''' : It indicates | |||
the indirect object, such as | |||
"him" | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''Dativo''' : Indica o objeto indireto, como em (ele) | |||
|- | |||
|'''08''' | |||
|'''Ex.: His father will''' | |||
'''give him''' | |||
'''a tricycle''' | |||
|'''''sah ihn fah tuhr vihrt''''' | |||
'''''ihm ah ihn drah ih rahd geh behn''''' | |||
|<big>'''Sein Vater wird'''</big> | |||
<big>'''ihm ein Dreirad'''</big> | |||
<big>'''geben'''</big> | |||
|'''''sáin fátâr vírt im áin''''' | |||
'''''drái rat''''' | |||
'''''gue ben''''' | |||
|'''O pai dele lhe''' | |||
'''dará''' | |||
'''um tricículo''' | |||
|- | |||
|'''09''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|'''10''' | |||
|'''Genitive''' : It usually | |||
indicates the possessor of something, such as | |||
"my mom" | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''Genitivo''' : Indica o posuidor de alguma coisa, como em | |||
¨minhã mãe¨ | |||
|- | |||
|'''11''' | |||
|'''Ex.: This is''' | |||
'''a helicopter''' | |||
'''of my mom''' | |||
|'''''dahs ihst ah ihn''''' | |||
'''''hoop chrah ou behr''''' | |||
'''''mah ih nuhr mou tuhr''''' | |||
|<big>'''Das ist ein Hubschrauber meiner Mutter'''</big> | |||
|'''''das ist áin''''' | |||
'''''Hup chráuber''''' | |||
'''''mái nâr''''' | |||
'''''mu târ''''' | |||
|'''Este é o''' | |||
'''helicóptero''' | |||
'''da minha mãe''' | |||
|} | |||
== '''Practice resources''' == | |||
https://quizlet.com/207586948/common-german-genitive-verbs-flash-cards/ | |||
https://quizlet.com/164731009/intermediate-german-dative-verbs-flash-cards/ | |||
https://quizlet.com/237466632/german-prepositions-cases-flash-cards/ | |||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Inflections-of-adjectives|Inflections of adjectives]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Participle-in-German|Past Participle in German]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-German|Indefinite Articles in German]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Pronouns-in-German|Pronouns in German]] | |||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Imperative-Tense|Imperative Tense]] | |||
<span links></span> |
Latest revision as of 20:09, 26 March 2023
Hello everybody,
In today's lesson you will learn how to use ¨CASES¨ in German.
There are four cases in German: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive.
- Nominative (Nom. or N) indicates the subject of a verb, such as "the monkey" in "The monkey eats a banana." "Der Affe isst eine Banane."
- Accusative (Akk. or A) indicates the direct object, such as "a pen" in "He bought a pen." "Er hat einen Stift gekauft."
- Dative (Dat. or D) indicates the indirect object, such as "him" in "His father will give him a tricycle." "Sein Vater wird ihm ein Dreirad geben."
- Genitive (Gen. or G) usually indicates the possessor of something, such as "my mom" in "This is a helicopter of my mom." "Das ist ein Hubschrauber meiner Mutter."
After you've delved into this material, you may find these associated topics worth exploring: Gender, Be Polite, Past Tense Part 1 Perfect Tense & Talking About Obligations.
Prepositions[edit | edit source]
may require accusative, dative or genitive objects. They can be found here:
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German/Grammar/Prepositions_and_Postpositions.
Verbs[edit | edit source]
may require accusative, dative or genitive objects.
Dative verbs[edit | edit source]
can be found here:
http://germanforenglishspeakers.com/reference/dative-verbs
Genitive verbs[edit | edit source]
can be found here:
https://easy-deutsch.de/en/verbs/verbs-with-complements/genitive/
You can assume other verbs are all accusative, if you don't want to bother search each new verb you meet.
English Wikibooks has an article on: cases.
In other languages[edit | edit source]
Nos | ENGLISH | PRONUNCIATION
ENGLISH |
GERMAN | PRONUNCIATION
BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE |
BRAZILIAN
PORTUGUESE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | Nominative : it indicates the
subject of a verb, such as "the monkey" |
Nominativo : Indica o sujeito do verbo, como em
¨o macaco¨ | |||
02 | Ex.:The monkey
eats a banana |
dehr ah feh eest
ah ih neh bah nah neh |
Der Affe isst eine Banane | dér á fe iist áine
ba na ne |
Ex.: O macaco
come a maçã |
03 | |||||
04 | Accusative : It indicates
the direct object, such as "a pen" |
Acusativo : Indica o objeto direto, como em
¨a caneta¨ | |||
05 | Ex.: He bought
a pen |
ehr haht ah ih nehn
shtihft geh cow fiht |
Er hat einen Stift gekauft. | er Hat ái nen chtift
gue káufit |
Ele comprou
uma caneta |
06 | |||||
07 | Dative : It indicates
the indirect object, such as "him" |
Dativo : Indica o objeto indireto, como em (ele) | |||
08 | Ex.: His father will
give him a tricycle |
sah ihn fah tuhr vihrt
ihm ah ihn drah ih rahd geh behn |
Sein Vater wird
ihm ein Dreirad geben |
sáin fátâr vírt im áin
drái rat gue ben |
O pai dele lhe
dará um tricículo |
09 | |||||
10 | Genitive : It usually
indicates the possessor of something, such as "my mom" |
Genitivo : Indica o posuidor de alguma coisa, como em
¨minhã mãe¨ | |||
11 | Ex.: This is
a helicopter of my mom |
dahs ihst ah ihn
hoop chrah ou behr mah ih nuhr mou tuhr |
Das ist ein Hubschrauber meiner Mutter | das ist áin
Hup chráuber mái nâr mu târ |
Este é o
helicóptero da minha mãe |
Practice resources[edit | edit source]
https://quizlet.com/207586948/common-german-genitive-verbs-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/164731009/intermediate-german-dative-verbs-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/237466632/german-prepositions-cases-flash-cards/
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Questions
- Common Mistakes
- Inflections of adjectives
- Past Tense
- Past Participle in German
- Present Tense
- Indefinite Articles in German
- Prepositions
- Pronouns in German
- Imperative Tense