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[[File:learn_french_plural.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:learn_french_plural.jpg|200px]]  
Welcome to our lesson on French Grammar → Plural! 🇫🇷 In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of plural forms in the French language. While most French nouns simply form the plural by adding an '-s' to the singular (e.g., un cahier / des cahiers - a notebook / notebooks), there are some exceptions to this rule that you should be aware of.


After mastering the basics of French plurals, you might also be interested in learning about [[Language/French/Grammar/Nouns-with-irregular-plurals|irregular plurals in French grammar]], which can be quite tricky. Additionally, you can dive into the [[Language/French/Grammar/Differences-in-the-use-of-numbers-in-French-and-English-mille-milliers-milliards|differences in the use of numbers between French and English]], such as mille, milliers, and milliards. And if you're looking to expand your French grammar knowledge even further, don't forget to check out our guide on [[Language/French/Grammar/How-to-use-Have|how to use "have" in French]].
This article explains how to use the plural in French.  
 
In general, the French nouns form the plural by adding an '-s' to the singular: 
*un cahier / des cahiers (a notebook / notebooks)
 
You will find below the exceptions to this rule:


Bonne chance et amusez-vous bien en apprenant le français ! 📚🥐
=='s', 'x' or 'z'==
=='s', 'x' or 'z'==
Singular nouns ending with 's', 'x' or 'z' do not change at plural:
Singular nouns ending with 's', 'x' or 'z' do not change at plural:
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Singular nouns ending with '-au', '-eau' or '-eu' ends with an '-x' at plural:
Singular nouns ending with '-au', '-eau' or '-eu' ends with an '-x' at plural:
*le feu / les feux (the fire / fires).
*le feu / les feux (the fire / fires).
*
except :landau (s),  sarrau (s ), bleu(s) , pneu (s )
=='-ou'==
=='-ou'==
Words ending in 'OU' take an 'S' except for the following words ending in 'X':
Seven singular nouns ending with '-ou' end with an '-x' at plural:
*bijou (jewel)
*bijou / bijoux; caillou / cailloux; chou / choux; genou / genoux; hibou / hiboux; joujou / joujoux; pou / poux.
*caillou (pebble)
*chou (cabbage)
*genou (knee)
*hibou (owl)
*joujou (toy)
*pou (louse)
 
=='-al'==  
=='-al'==  
Singular nouns ending with '-al' change their termination to '-aux':
Singular nouns ending with '-al' change their termination to '-aux':
*le cheval / les chevaux.   
*le cheval / les chevaux.   
Some words have a regular plural and take an '-s'. The most common exceptions are : aval (downstream or approval), bal (ball, dance), carnaval, cérémonial, chacal (jackal), festival, narval (narwhal), récital, régal (delight), natal (native),
=='- ail'==
 
Glacial (cold) can be "glacials" or "glaciaux" in the plural
 
=='-ail'==
 
Words that ends with "ail" in plural take "s" 


Except :
words that ends  with "ail" in plural takes "s"  Except :
 
*some words takes <nowiki>''</nowiki>aux" in plural instead of "s" like :  bail / lease         ,émail / E-mail        soupirail /basement window   vitrail / stained glass
*some words takes <nowiki>''</nowiki>aux" in plural instead of "s" like :  bail / baux (lease), émail / émaux (enamel), soupirail /soupiraux (basement window), vitrail / vitraux (stained glass), vantail / vantaux (door panel), travail / travaux (job), corail / coraux (coral)
*vantail /door panel     travail / travaux   / job     corail / coraux  / coral
 
== Plural of compound names ==
Some names are composed of two words, sometimes three.In general, only nouns and adjectives take the plural mark. Verbs, adverbs and prepositions are invariable.
 
Exemples :
* des sourds-muets (deaf-mute) = adjective+adjective
* des porte-documents (portfolio) =verb+noun
* des haut-parleurs (speakers) = adverb+noun
 
But the plural also depends on the meaning of the words.
 
Exemples :
* des wagons-lits (sleepers coaches) = noun+noun, and there are several cars and several beds per car.
* des kilomètres-heure (kilometres per hour) = several kilometres but only one hour.
 
"Demi" (half) et "semi" (semi) are invariable if they are placed before the name.
 
Exemples:
* des demi-heures (half-hours)
* des semi-remorques (semi-trailers)


==VIDEOS==
==VIDEOS==
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[[Category: French/Beginner]]
[[Category: French/Beginner]]
[[Category: French/Grammar]]
[[Category: French/Grammar]]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/French/Grammar/The-partitive-article-"du",-"de-l'",-"de-la"-and-"des"|The partitive article "du", "de l'", "de la" and "des"]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Quantifiers-and-personal-pronouns|Quantifiers and personal pronouns]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/The-irregular-verb-être|The irregular verb être]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Meaning-of-tout-à-l'heure|Meaning of tout à l'heure]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Typical-use-of-the-definite-article|Typical use of the definite article]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Common-quantifiers|Common quantifiers]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Well-Better-Worse|Well Better Worse]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Position-of-y-and-en-with-negative-infinitives|Position of y and en with negative infinitives]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Gender-of-the-noun-indicated-by-its-final-letter|Gender of the noun indicated by its final letter]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Direct-object-quantifiers-and-«-en-»|Direct object quantifiers and « en »]]
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