Editing Language/French/Grammar/Nouns

[[File:les-noms-en-francais.jpg|thumb]]
Bonjour à tous les membres de la communauté Polyglot Club, 🇫🇷

A noun is a word representing a person, a place, or a thing. In French, all nouns have a gender - masculine or feminine. In this lesson, we will explain how to form the masculine, feminine, and plural of nouns. After mastering this lesson, you can also explore other related topics such as the [[Language/French/Grammar/Use-of-the-definite-article-with-names-of-countries,-regions,-départements|definite article usage with names of countries, regions, and départements]], the [[Language/French/Grammar/Subjunctive-versus-indicative-in-clauses-dependent-on-a-superlative-adjective|difference between subjunctive and indicative in clauses dependent on a superlative adjective]], and [[Language/French/Grammar/Punctuation|French punctuation rules]].

{| class="wikitable"
 
  ! |
Masculine
  
  ! |
Feminine  
 
 |-
  |
un ami (a friend)
  
  |
une ami'''e''' (a friend)  
 
 |-
  |
un acteur (an actor)
  
  |
une '''actrice''' (an
actress)  
 
 |-
  |
un musicien (a musician)
  
  |
une musicien'''ne''' (a
musician)  
 
 |-
  |
un boulanger (a baker)
  
  |
une boulang'''ère''' (a baker)  
 
 |-
  |
le détective (the detective)
  
  |
la détective (the detective)  
 
 |-
  |
le professeur (the professor)
  
  |
la professeur (the professor)  
 
|}

In French, the masculine and feminine nouns differ, and different articles and adjectives are also used. Countries ending in "-e" are feminine (except "le Mexique"):
- le Portugal, le Brésil...
- la France, l'Espagne, l'Argentine...

The feminine is generally formed by adding -e to the male, and in some cases, other letters or accents are added. Sometimes, there are different nouns for male and female forms. Some professions are used only in men.

Bonne chance et amusez-vous en apprenant le français ! 📚🇫🇷
==Examples===
==Noun singular and plural==

un livre (a book)	 des livres (books)

The plural is generally formed by adding -s to the singular.

Some nouns have special plural, according to the termination:
-eau becomes -eaux
-al becomes -aux
-s remains the same -s
-z remains the same -z

Some nouns have no singular form

===Examples===
{| class="wikitable"
 
  !|
Singular
  
 ! |
Plural  
 
 |-
  |
le château (castle) 
  
  |
les châteaux (castles)  
 
 |-
  |
le cheval (horse) 
  
  |
les chevaux (horses)  
 
 |-
  |
le bus (the bus) 
  
  |
les bus (buses)  
 
 |-
  |
le nez (nose) 
  
  |
les nez (noses)  
 
 |-
  |le chien (the dog)
  
  |Les chiens (dogs)
 
|}

= {{#seo:
	|title=How to use the punctuation in French?
	|keywords=grammar, feminine, masculine, plural, examples
	|description=This lesson will teach you how to use nouns in French sentenses
        |og:image=https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/images/2/2f/Les-noms-en-francais.jpg
}}'''Adjectives and nouns:Table of the masculine and feminine endings:''' =
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!Masculine + E = Feminine
!Il est étudian'''<u>t</u>'''
(He is a student)
!Elle est étudian<u>te</u>
(She is a student)
!
|-
!
!
!Il est gran<u>d</u>
(He is tall)
!Elle est gran<u>de</u>
(She is tall)
!
|-
!
!
!Le ciel est ble<u>u</u>
(The sky is blue)
!La mer est ble<u>ue</u>
(The sea is blue)
!
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!-EN becomes -ENNE
!Il est itali<u>en</u>
(He is italian)
!Elle est itali<u>enne</u>
(She is italian)
|-
|
|
|Il est parisi<u>en</u>
(He is parisian)
|Elle est parisi<u>enne</u>
(She is parisian)
|-
|
|
|Il est canadi<u>en</u>
(He is canadian)
|Elle est canadi<u>enne</u>
(She is canadian)
|-
|
|
|Il est europé<u>en</u>
(He is european)
|Elle est europé<u>enne</u>
(She is european)
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!-ON becomes -ONNE
!Il est b<u>on</u> en sport
(He is good at sport)
!Elle est b<u>onne</u> en sport
(He is good at sport)
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!-ER- ÈRE
!Il est boulang<u>er</u>
(He is a baker)
!Elle est boulangère
(She is a baker)
|-
|
|
|Il est bouch<u>er</u>
(He is a butcher)
|Elle est bouch<u>ère</u>
(She is a butcher)
|-
|
|
|Il est polici<u>er</u>
(He is a policeman)
|Elle est policière
(She is a police officer)
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!-EUR  and -EUX become -EUSE
!Il est heur<u>eux</u>
(He is happy)
!Elle est heur<u>euse</u>
(She is happy)
|-
|
|
|Il est furi<u>eux</u>
(He is furious)
|Elle est furi<u>euse</u>
(She is furious)
|-
|
|
|Il est dans<u>eur</u> 
(He is a dancer)
|Elle est danseuse
(She is a dancer)
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives
!-TEUR becomes -TRICE
!Il est ac<u>teur</u>
(He is an actor)
!Elle est ac<u>trice</u>
(She is an actress)
|-
|
|
|Il est institu<u>teur</u>
(He is primary school teacher)
|Elle est institut<u>rice</u>
(She is primary school teacher)
|-
|
|
|Il est traduc<u>teur</u>
(He is a translator)
|Elle est traduc<u>trice</u>
(She is a translator)
|-
|
|
|Il est directeur (He is a director)
|Elle est directrice (She is a director)
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Irregular Adjectives
!Beau (Beautiful)
!Belle
|-
|
|Vieux (Old)
|Vieille
|-
|
|Blanc (White)
|Blanche
|-
|
|Gentil (Kind/Nice)
|Gentille
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Adjectives and nouns which never change
!Adjectives
!Nouns
|-
|
|Jeune (Young); Calme (Quiet); Drôle (Funny); Stupide (Stupid); Bizarre/Étrange (Strange); Sage (Wise); Triste (Sad)
|Un(e) journaliste (A journalist); Un(e) peintre (A painter); Un(e) ministre (A minister); Un(e) maire (A mayor); Un(e) pompier (A fireman); Un(e) juge (A judge); Un(e) sage-femme (A midwife); Un(e) militaire (A serviceman/servicewoman); Un(e) gendarme (A gendarme = police officer [other branch of the french police and army]); Un(e) médecin (General practitioner GP); Un(e) dentiste (A dentist); Un(e) psychologue (A psychologist); Un(e) gynécologue (A gynaecologist); Un(e) scientifique (A scientist); Un(e) astronaute (An astronaut); Un(e) archéologue (An archaeologist) ................
|}

== Nouns that end up in "oir" ==
* The mascunlin nouns finished by the sound "oir" is written "oir"
Exemple : un couloir (hallway), un rasoir (razor),...

Exception : un accessoire (accessory), un auditoire (audience), de l'ivoire (ivory), un conservatoire (conservatory), un laboratoire (laboratory), un observatoire (observatory), un réfectoire (refectory), un répertoire (repertory), un territoire (land).

* All the nouns finished by the sound "oir" is written "oire"
Exemple : une histoire, une victoire,...

== Nouns that end up in "sion" ==
* After "a", "i", "o" and "u", we write  "tion"

Exemple : La nation (nation), une addition (addition), l'émotion (emotion), une résolution (resolution)

Exception : la discussion (debate), l'émission (show), la mission (mission), la passion (passion)

* After "e", we write "ession"
Exemple : la pression (pressure)

Exception: la discrétion (discreet)

* After a consonate, we write "sion" or "tion", you must consult the dictionary.
Exemple : la pension (board), une direction (direction)
[[Category: French/Beginner]]
[[Category: French/Grammar]]

==Videos==

===French Nouns 1 - What are nouns? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ty_FHkJ4q6c</youtube>

===FRENCH GRAMMAR - DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uC5FppkamJQ</youtube>

===French Gender and Plural of Nouns - Lesson 1 - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnLcXDMqwSk</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Conditional-Mood-and-Future-Tense|Conditional Mood and Future Tense]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Agreement-of-the-past-participle-having-the-auxiliary-"être"-in-compound-tenses|Agreement of the past participle having the auxiliary "être" in compound tenses]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Verbs-with-personal-subject-used-impersonally|Verbs with personal subject used impersonally]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Stressed-pronouns-used-as-the-object-of-a-preposition|Stressed pronouns used as the object of a preposition]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Adverbs|Adverbs]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Masculine-and-feminine-forms-of-adjectives-—-A-change-in-the-final-consonant-or-syllable|Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives — A change in the final consonant or syllable]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Omission-of-the-article-in-lists|Omission of the article in lists]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Stressed-pronouns|Stressed pronouns]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Forms-of-créer,-nier,-scier,-rire,-etc|Forms of créer, nier, scier, rire, etc]]
* [[Language/French/Grammar/Summary-table-of-subject-pronouns|Summary table of subject pronouns]]
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