Language/Ancient-greek-to-1453/Vocabulary/Most-Common-Words-in-Ancient-Greek

Most Common Words in Ancient Greek

ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν good, noble

ἄγω, ἄξω, ἤγαγον, ἦχα, ἦγμαι ἤχθην do, drive, lead; χάριν ἄγω I give thanks

ἀδελφός, ἀδελφοῦ ὁ brother

ἀδικέω, ἀδικήσω, ἠδίκησα, ἠδίκηκα, ἠδίκημαι, ἠδικήθην be unjust, do wrong ἀεί (αἰεί) always

Ἀθηναῖος, Ἀθηναίᾱ, Ἀθηναῖον Athenian, of or from Athens

αἱρέω, αἱρήσω, εἷλον (inf. ἑλεῖν), ᾕρηκα, ᾕρημαι, ᾑρέθην take, seize, grab, capture; (mid.) choose; ὁ λόγος αἱρεῖ it makes sense, it is reasonable

ἀκούω, ἀκούσομαι, ἤκουσα, ἀκήκοα, ἤκουσμαι, ἠκούσθην hear, hear of or about, listen, heed + gen. or acc. of thing and gen. of person; have a reputation;

κακῶς ἀκούειν to be spoken ill of ἀληθής, ἀληθές true

ἀλλά but, for------, ἀλλήλων one another, each other

ἄλλος, ἄλλη, ἄλλο another, other; ἄλλος ἄλλο λέγει one man says one thing; another says another; τῇ ἄλλῃ elsewhere

ἅμα (prep.) at the same time as + dat.; (adv.) at the same time, at once

ἀμφότερος, ἀμφοτέρᾱ, ἀμφότερον both

ἄν (adverb or particle) indicates something hypothetical, non-factual, or with the indicative something repeated over time

ἀνά (prep.) on, upon, onto + gen. or dat.; up to, throughout + acc.; (adv.) thereon, thereupon, throughout

ἀνάγκη, ἀνάγκης ἡ force, necessity, fate

ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός ὁ man, husband

ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου ἡ ὁ human, person

ἄξιος, ἀξίᾱ, ἄξιον worthy, deserving + gen.

ἀξιόω, ἀξιώσω, ἠξίωσα, ἠξίωκα, ἠξίωμαι, ἠξιώθην deem worthy, think fit + ‘x’ in acc. + inf.; expect + ‘x’ in acc. + inf; deem ‘x’ in acc. worthy of ‘y’ in gen.

ἅπας, ἅπασα, ἅπαν all, each, every, whole

ἀπό from, away from + gen.

ἀποθνῄσκω (θνῄσκω), ἀποθανέομαι, ἀπέθανον, τέθνηκα, ------, ------ die, perish

ἀπόλλυμι (ὄλλυμι), ἀπολέω, ἀπώλεσα (trans.) or ἀπωλόμην (intrans.), ἀπολώλεκα (trans.) or ἀπόλωλα (intrans.), ------, ------ kill, lose; (mid. and intrans.) die, cease to exist

ἄρα (ῥά) and so, therefore, then, in that case

ἀρετή, ἀρετῆς ἡ virtue, excellence

ἀριθμός, ἀριθμοῦ ὁ number

ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς ἡ rule, command; beginning; province

ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργμαι, ἤρχθην rule, command; begin + gen.; ἄρχειν ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων to begin with the fathers

αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό he, she, it; -self (pred.) –self; (att.) same; (often + dative) τὰ αὐτὰ σοὶ ποιέω I do the same as you do; (adv.) αὐτοῦ there

ἀφικνέομαι, ἀφίξομαι, ἀφικόμην, ------, ἀφῖγμαι, ------ arrive, reach, come to

βασιλεύς, βασιλῆος (βασιλέως) ὁ king, chief

βίος, βίου ὁ life

βούλομαι, βουλήσομαι, ------, ------, βεβούλημαι, ἐβουλήθην want, prefer; wish, be willing

γάρ (postpositive) for

γε (enclitic) indeed, in fact, merely, at least

γένος, γένεος (γένους) τό race, kind, sort; birth, origin

γῆ, γῆς ἡ land, earth

γίγνομαι (γίνομαι), γενήσομαι, ἐγενόμην, γέγονα, γεγένημαι, ------ (ἐγενήθην, in late authors) be, be born, happen, become; γεγονός εὖ be well-born, be of noble-birth

γιγνώσκω, γνώσομαι, ἔγνων, ἔγνωκα, ἔγνωσμαι, ἐγνώσθην know, recognize; decide + inf.

γράφω, γράψω, ἔγραψα, γέγραφα, γέγραμμαι, ἐγράφην write

γυνή, γυναικός ἡ woman, wife

δέ (post-positive; sometimes indicates change of subject; often answers μέν) (conj.) and, but; (adv.) on the other hand

δεῖ, δεήσει, ἐδέησε(ν), δεδέηκε(ν), ------, ------ it is necessary + inf.; + subj. in gen. or dat. or acc. + inf., δεῖ ἐλθεῖν it is necessary to come,

δεῖ τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐλθεῖν or δεῖ τοῖς στρατιώταις ἐλθεῖν or δεῖ τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐλθεῖν it is necessary for the soldiers to come; + gen. there is a need of,

δεῖ τινος there is a need of something; + gen. + inf δεῖ στρατηγοῦ εὑρεθῆναι there is a need of a general to be found; + gen. and dat. δεῖ μοί τινος there is a need to me of something

δείκνῡμι, δείξω (δέξω), ἔδειξα (ἔδεξα), δέδειχα, δέδειγμαι, ἐδείχθην show, display

δεινός, δεινή, δεινόν awesome, fearsome, terrible; δεινὸς λέγειν clever at speaking

δέω, δεήσω, ἐδέησα, δεδέηκα, δεδέημαι, ἐδεήθην want, lack, miss, stand in need of, want + gen.; long or wish for + gen.; ask for ‘x’ in gen. or acc. from ‘y’ in gen., τοῦτο (or τούτου) ὑμῶν δέομαι I ask you for this

δή indeed, in fact, certainly

δῆμος, δήμου ὁ people

διά through, throughout + gen.; by + gen.; on account of + acc.

δίδωμι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδομαι, ἐδόθην give; allow ‘x’ in dat. or acc. + inf., ἐμὲ (έμοί) εὐτυχέειν δίδως you allow me to prosper

δίκαιος, δικαίᾱ, δίκαιον just

δίκη, δίκης ἡ custom, usage; judgment; order, right; penalty, sentence; lawsuit

δοκέω, δόξω, ἔδοξα, ------, δέδογμαι, ἐδόχθην seem, think; seem best, think best + inf.; δοκεῖ μόρσιμον τῇ πόλει ἁλίσκεσθαι it seems fated for the city to be taken; δοκεῖ ἐμοί and δοκεῖν ἐμοί it seems to me

δόξα, δόξης ἡ expectation, notion, opinion; reputation

δύναμαι, δυνήσομαι, ------, ------, δεδύνημαι, ἐδυνήθην be able, be strong enough + inf.; be worth

δύναμις, δυνάμιος (δυνάμηος, δυνάμεως) ἡ might, strength, power; force, army

δύο two

ἐάν if

ἑαυτοῦ, ἑαυτῆς, ἑαυτοῦ himself, herself, itself

ἐγώ, ἐμοῦ or μου I, me, mine

ἐθέλω (θέλω), ἐθελήσω (θελήσω), ἠθέλησα, ἠθέληκα, ------, ------ wish, be willing

εἰ (proclitic) if

εἰμί, ἔσομαι, ------, ------, ------, ------ be, be possible

εἶμι come, go

εἷς, μία, ἕν; ἑνός, μιᾶς, ἑνός one

εἰς or ἐς (proclitic) to, into, against + acc.

ἐκ (proclitic) from, out of, by + gen.

ἕκαστος, ἑκάστη, ἕκαστον each

ἑκάτερος, ἑκατέρᾱ, ἑκάτερον each

ἐκεῖνος, ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο (κεῖνος, κείνη, κεῖνο) that, those; he, she, it, they

ἐλαύνω, ἐλάω, ἤλασα, ἐλήλακα, ἐλήλαμαι, ἠλάθην or ἠλάσθην drive, march

Ἕλλην, Ἕλληνος ἡ ὁ Greek

ἐμός, ἐμή, ἐμόν my

ἐν (proclitic) in, on, at, among + dat.

ἐναντίος, ἐναντίᾱ, ἐναντίον opposite + gen. or dat.

ἕνεκα (εἵνεκα) on account of, for the sake of + gen.

ἐπεί after, when, since

ἔπειτα thereupon, thereafter, then

ἐπί on, upon + gen.; in the time of + gen.; towards + gen.; on, at, next to + dat.; on, to, against, for + acc.; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ on condition that

ἔργον, ἔργου τό deed, task, work; building; ἔργον in truth, in deed

ἔρομαι (εἴρομαι), ἐρήσομαι (εἰρήσομαι), ἠρόμην, -----, -----, ----- ask, ask ‘x’ in acc. about ‘y’ in acc.

ἔρχομαι, ἐλεύσομαι, ἦλθον (ἐλθεῖν), ἐλήλυθα, ------, ------ come, go

ἕτερος, ἑτέρᾱ, ἕτερον other, another

ἔτι yet, still

ἔτος, ἔτεος (ἔτους) τό year

εὖ well

εὐθύς, εὐθεῖα, εὐθύ straight, direct

εὑρίσκω, εὑρήσω, ηὗρον, ηὕρηκα, ηὕρημαι, ηὑρέθην find out, discover

ἔχω (imp. εἶχον), ἕξω or σχήσω, ἔσχον, ἔσχηκα, -ἔσχημαι, ------ have, hold; (+ adv) be, καλῶς ἔχειν be well; ὧδε ἔχει it is like so; be able + inf. (often impersonal); hinder, prevent, ἔχω αὐτὸν ταῦτα μὴ ποιεῖν I keep him from doing these things; (mid.) cleave, cling to + gen.; (mid.) be near or border + gen.; ἐχόμενόν ἐστι there belongs + gen.

ζάω (ζῇς, ζῇ), ζήσω, ἔζησα, ἔζηκα, ------, ------ live, breathe, be full of life

Ζεύς, Διός ὁ Zeus

ἤ or, than

ἡγέομαι, ἡγήσομαι, ἡγησάμην, ------, ἥγημαι, ἡγήθην lead, believe; lead, command + dat.; lead ‘x’ in gen. for ‘y’ in dat., ἡγεῖται ἡμῖν χοροῦ she leads our dance; rule, have dominion + gen.

ἤδη already, by this time, now

ἥκω, ἥξω, ------, ------, ------, ------ have come, be present

ἡμέρᾱ, ἡμέρᾱς ἡ day

θάλασσα (θάλαττα), θαλάσσης ἡ sea

θεός, θεοῦ ἡ ὁ god, goddess, deity

ἴδιος, ἰδίᾱ, ἴδιον one’s own; one’s self; ἰδίῃ personally, privately, for one’s own self

ἱερός, ἱερά, ἱερόν holy; (n. in sg.) temple; (n. in pl.) sacrifices

ἵημι, -ἥσω, -ἧκα, -εἷκα, -εἷμαι, -εἵθην release, hurl, send; (mid.) hasten

ἵνα in order that, so that, where

ἱππεύς, ἱππῆος (ἱππέως) ὁ knight, cavalryman; horseman, rider

ἵππος, ἵππου ἡ ὁ horse; (fem.) cavalry

ἴσος, ἴση, ἴσον equal, as many as; similar to + dat.

ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστησα (trans.) or ἔστην (intrans.), ἕστηκα (intrans.), ἕσταμαι, ἐστάθην stand; make stand, place

καθίστημι (ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστησα (trans.) or ἔστην (intrans.), ἕστηκα (intrans.), ἕσταμαι, ἐστάθην) (trans.) appoint, establish, put into a state; (intrans.) be established, be appointed, enter into a state

καί (conj.) and; (adv.) even, also, merely, indeed; (after ὅμοιος, ἴσος, ὁ αὐτός) as

καιρός, καιροῦ ὁ right moment, critical time, opportunity

κακός, κακή, κακόν bad, evil, cowardly

καλέω, καλέω, ἐκάλεσα, κέκληκα, κέκλημαι, ἐκλήθην call

καλός, καλή, καλόν beautiful, noble, good

κατά (prep.) down from + gen.; down toward + gen.; under + gen.; against + gen.; during + acc.; throughout + acc.; by, according to + acc.; καθ’ ἅ according, just as; (adv.) as, just as

κεῖμαι, κείσομαι, ------, ------, ------, ------ lie

κελεύω, κελεύσω, ἔκελευσα, κεκέλευκα, κεκέλευσμαι, ἐκελεύσθην bid, order, command; ask; urge, encourage; order ‘x’ in dat. or in acc. + inf.; give the order to, κελεύει σώζειν he gives the order to save

κοινός, κοινή, κοινόν shared, common; ἐκ τοῦ κοινοῦ shared in common; (n.) τὸ κοινόν the state

κρατέω, κρατήσω, ἐκράτησα, ------, ------, ἐκρατήθην be strong, powerful, rule + gen.

λαμβάνω, λήψομαι, ἔλαβον, εἴληφα, εἴλημμαι, ἐλήφθην take, receive; capture

λέγω, ἐρέω or λέξω, εἶπον or ἔλεξα, εἴρηκα, εἴρημαι or λέλεγμαι, ἐλέχθην or ἐρρήθην say, tell, speak; (personal) νόσον λέγεται ἔχειν ὁ Καμβύσης Kambyses is said to have an illness; (impers.) νόσον λέγεται ἔχειν Καμβύσην it is said that Kambyses has an illness

λόγος, λόγου ὁ word, speech, story; reason, account; value, esteem, talk, conversation; τῷ λόγῳ for the sake of argument, in word, i.e., falsely; ἐν λόγῳ in the rank of; κατὰ λόγον according to the value or esteem

λοιπός, λοιπή, λοιπόν left, remaining

μάλιστα especially, most; (with numbers) about

μᾶλλον more, rather

μανθάνω, μαθήσομαι, ἔμαθον, μεμάθηκα, ------, ------ learn; learn to, learn how to + inf.; understand

μάχη, μάχης ἡ battle

μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα big, great

μέλλω, μελλήσω, ἐμέλλησα, ------, ------, ------ be about to, be going to; be likely to + inf. (fut. inf. in Attic)

μέν (post-positive; often looks forward to δέ to create contrast or parallelism) on the one hand; ὁ μέν . . . ὁ δέ the one . . . the other; οἱ μέν . . . οἱ δέ some . . . others

μέντοι indeed, to be sure, however

μέρος, μέρεος (μέρους) τό share, portion, part; limb; one’s turn

μέσος, μέση, μέσον middle, middle of + gen.; ἐς μέσον in common, altogether

μετά with + gen; after + acc.; (adv.) after, next

μέχρι up to, until + gen.; μέχρι τούτου meanwhile

μή (mostly found in hypothetical contexts) no, not, lest

μηδέ (mostly found in hypothetical contexts) and . . . not

μηδείς, μηδεμία, μηδέν; μηδένος, μηδεμιᾶς, μηδένος (mostly found in hypothetical contexts) no one, nothing

μήν, μηνός ὁ month; (adv.) truly, surely

μήτε (mostly found in hypothetical contexts) neither, μήτε . . . μήτε neither . . . nor

μήτηρ, μητέρος (μητρός) ἡ mother

μικρός, μικρά, μικρόν small, little, short

μόνος, μόνη, μόνον only, sole, alone, solitary; one

νηῦς (ναῦς), νεός (νεώς) ἡ ship

νέος, νέᾱ, νέον new, fresh, young; strange, unexpected

νομίζω, νομιέω, ἐνόμισα, νενόμικα, νενόμισμαι, ἐνομίσθην believe, think, have the custom of, hold as custom

νόμος, νόμου ὁ law, custom

νῦν now

ὁ, ἡ, τό (proclitic, ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ) the; my, your, his, her; our, your, their; (used with abstract nouns, with names of famous or important people, and to generalize), οἱ ἄνθρωποι, people

ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε he, she, it; this, these; the following; τῇδε here, thus, in the following way

οἶδα (inf. εἰδέναι), εἴσομαι, ------, ------, ------, ------ know, think; know how to + inf.

οἴομαι or οἶμαι, οἰήσομαι, ᾠσάμην, ------, ------, ᾠήθην think, suppose, believe

οἷος, οἵᾱ, οἷον such, such a kind; οἷός τέ εἰμι I am able, I am of such a kind to + inf.; οἷον or οἷα how, like, as, because

ὀλίγος, ὀλίγη, ὀλίγον few, little, small

ὅλος, ὅλη, ὅλον whole, entire

ὅμοιος, ὁμοίᾱ, ὅμοιον like, resembling + dat.

ὁμολογέω, ὁμολογήσω, ὡμολόγησα, ὡμολόγηκα, ὡμολόγημαι, ὡμολογήθην speak together; agree; admit

ὄνομα, ὀνόματος τό name

ὅπως so that, in order that; how; whenever

ὁράω (imp. ἑώραον), ὄψομαι, εἶδον (inf. ἰδεῖν), ἑόρακα or ἑώρακα, ἑώραμαι or ὦμμαι, ὤφθην see

ὀρθός, ὀρθή, ὀρθόν straight, correct, proper

ὅς, ἥ, ὅ who, whose, whom; which, that; ᾗ by which way, just as; ἐν ᾧ while; ἐς ὅ until

ὅσος, ὅση, ὅσον so many, as many as; ὅσῳ in so far as; to the degree that; ὅσον as far as; ἐπ᾽ ὅσον how far, to how great an extent

ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι whoever, whatever

ὅταν (ὅτε + ἄν) whenever

ὅτε when

ὅτι that, because

οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ (proclitic; mostly found in factual contexts; use οὐκ if the word that comes after starts with a smooth breathing; use οὐχ if the word that comes after starts with a rough breathing; if the word starts with a consonant, use οὐ) no, not

οὐδέ (mostly found in factual contexts) and not, but not, not even

οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν; οὐδένος, οὐδεμιᾶς, οὐδένος (mostly found in factual contexts) no one, nothing

οὖν then, therefore; really, certainly

οὔτε (mostly found in factual contexts) and not; neither; οὔτε . . . οὔτε neither . . . nor

οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο he, she, it; this, these; ταύτῃ here, there, where, in this way

οὕτως (οὕτω) in this way, such, so

πάθος, πάθεος (πάθους) τό suffering; experience; passion; emotion

παῖς, παιδός ἡ ὁ child

πάλιν back

πάνυ perfectly, verily, by all means

παρά from + gen.; beside + dat.; to, toward + acc.; contrary to + acc.

πάρειμι be near, be present; (imper.) be possible

πάρειμι go in, enter; pass by

παρέχω (ἔχω, ἕξω or σχήσω, ἔσχον, ἔσχηκα, -ἔσχημαι : furnish, hand over; supply; cause; allow, grant; be allowed, παρέχει it is allowed

πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν all, each, every, whole

πάσχω, πείσομαι, ἔπαθον, πέπονθα, : suffer, have done to one

πατήρ, πατρός ὁ father

πείθω, πείσω, ἔπεισα, πέπεικα, πέπεισμαι, ἑπείσθην persuade; (mid. or pass.) listen to, obey + dat. or gen.

πέμπω, πέμψω, ἔπεμψα, πέπομφα, πέπεμμαι, ἐπέμφθην : send

περί : about, concerning + gen; around, concerning + dat.; around, concerning + acc.

πλεῖστος, πλείστη, πλεῖστον most, greatest, largest

πλῆθος, πλήθεος (πλήθους) τό great number, multitude; sum

ποιέω, ποιήσω, ἐποίησα, πεποίηκα, πεποίημαι, ἐποιήθην do, make, cause; (mid.) consider, περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαι to consider important;

ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιεῖν to make light of; κακὰ ποιεῖν αὐτόν to do harm to him; οὐδένα λόγον ποιεῖν to consider ‘x’ in gen. of no account,  make a poem, compose

πολέμιος, πολεμίᾱ, πολέμιον hostile

πόλεμος, πολέμου ὁ war

πόλις, πόλιος (πόληος, πόλεως) ἡ city

πολύς, πολλή, πολύ much, many

ποταμός, ποταμοῦ ὁ river

ποτε (enclitic) at some time, once, ever

πρᾶγμα, πράγματος τό matter, thing, affair; problem

πράττω (πράσσω, πρήσσω), πράξω, ἔρπαξα, πέπρᾱχα or πέπρᾱγα, πέπρᾱγμαι, ἐπράχθην do, make, fare; pass through; exact payment of ‘x’ in acc. from ‘y’ in acc.

πολλὰ πράττειν to be a busybody, to make trouble; κακῶς πράττειν to fare badly, fail, suffer;

πρίν (conj.) before, πρὶν (ἢ) αὐτοὺς πέμψαι ταῦτα before they sent these things

πρό (prep.) before, in front of + gen; on behalf of + gen.

πρός (prep.) facing + gen.; from + gen.; in the eyes of + gen.; by + gen.; at, near + dat.; in addition + dat.; towards + acc.; against + acc.; in regard to + acc.; (adv.) additionally, in addition

πρότερος, προτέρᾱ, πρότερον prior, before, sooner

πρῶτος, πρώτη, πρῶτον first, for the present, just now

πῶς how

σκοπέω, σκοπήσω, ἐσκόπησα, ------, ἐσκόπημαι or ἔσκεμμαι, ------ look at; examine; consider, contemplate

σός, σή, σόν your

στρατηγός, στρατηγοῦ ὁ general

σύ, σοῦ or σου you, you, yours

συμβαίνω (βαίνω, βήσομαι, ἔβην, βέβηκα, βέβαμαι, ἐβάθην) stand with feet together; come together; come to an agreement, come to terms; meet + dat.; (impers.) come to pass, happen

σύν (ξύν) with, with help of + dat.

σφεῖς, σφέα; σφέων (σφῶν), σφέων (σφῶν) they, them, theirs

σῶμα, σώματος τό body

ταχύς, ταχεῖα, ταχύ swift

τε (enclitic and postpositive) and; τε . . . τε both . . . and

τεῖχος, τείχεος (τείχους) τό wall; (pl.) stronghold

τέλος, τέλεος (τέλους) τό end, boundary; power; office; (acc.) finally

τίθημι, θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθηκα, τέθειμαι, ἐτέθην put, place; make, cause

τις, τι (pronoun) anyone, anything; someone, something; (adjective) some, any, a, a certain

τίς, τί (adjective or pronoun) who, what, which, why

τοίνυν then, therefore

τοιοῦτος, τοιαύτη, τοιοῦτο of such a kind or sort

τόπος, τόπου ὁ place, spot

τοσοῦτος, τοσαύτη, τοσοῦτο so much, so many

τότε at that time, then

τρεῖς, οἱ, αἱ; τρία τά three

τρόπος, τρόπου ὁ way, manner, turn; (pl.) character

τυγχάνω, τεύξομαι, ἔτυχον, τετύχηκα : happen + suppl. participle, τυγχάνει βαλών he happens to strike; meet + gen.; obtain + gen.; hit the mark, strike + gen.,  succeed

υἱός, υἱοῦ ὁ son, child

ὑπάρχω (ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργμαι, ἤρχθην) be; be sufficient; begin + gen.; (impers.) be allowed, be possible

ὑπέρ above, over + gen.; on behalf of + gen.; over, above, beyond + acc.

ὑπό by + gen.; under + gen., dat., or acc.; subject to + dat.; during + acc.

ὕστερος, ὑστέρᾱ, ὕστερον after, later

φαίνω, φανέω, ἔφηνα, πέφαγκα or πέφηνα, πέφασμαι, ἐφάνθην or ἐφάνην show, reveal; (pass.) come to light, appear

φέρω, οἴσω, ἤνεγκα or ἤνεγκον, ἐνήνοχα, ἐνήνεγμαι, ἠνέχθην bring, bear, carry; endure; (mid.) win; τὸ δίκαιον φέρει as justice brings about, as is just

φεύγω, φεύξομαι, ἔφυγον, πέφευγα : flee; be banished; be in exile; be a defendant

φημί, φήσω, ἔφησα :  say, affirm, assert

φίλος, φίλη, φίλον :  friendly, kind, well-disposed + dat.; (n.) friend

φύσις, φύσιος (φύσηος, φύσεως) ἡ nature

χείρ, χειρός ἡ (dat pl. χερσίν) hand; force, army

χράομαι, χρήσομαι, ἐχρησάμην ,  κέχρημαι, ἐχρήσθην use, employ, experience + dat.

χρή (inf. χρῆναι < χρὴ + εἶναι; imp. ἐχρῆν or χρῆν < χρη + ἦν; fut. χρήσει), χρῆσται (χρὴ + ἔσται) it is necessary + inf.

χρῆμα, χρήματος τό thing; (pl.) goods, money, property

χρόνος, χρόνου ὁ time

χώρᾱ, χώρᾱς ἡ land, country

ψυχή, ψυχῆς ἡ life, soul, spirit

ὦ (precedes a noun, marks for the vocative case, often not translated) oh

ὡς (proclitic) (conj.) as, how, when; (conj. + indicative) since, because: (conj. + optative or subjunctive) in order that; (conj. + indirect statement) that, (adv.) so, thus; (adv. + superlative) as “x” as possible,  (adv. + numbers) about, nearly

ὥσπερ as, as if

ὥστε and so, such that, with the result that

Core Ancient Greek Vocabulary

About this Vocabulary List

The goal behind compiling this list of words is to provide a set of words which are likely to be a core vocabulary for a wide range of ancient Greek texts.

Author

➡ Marianthi

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