Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Present-Tense
As a complete beginner in Northern Uzbek, learning how to conjugate verbs in the present tense is one of the most important grammar concepts you will encounter. In this lesson, we will cover the present tense and give examples of how to use it in everyday situations.
What is the present tense?
The present tense is used to describe actions that are happening now or are currently ongoing. It is also used to describe habits or routines. For example, the sentence "I am eating" in Northern Uzbek would be "Men yeyman".
In Northern Uzbek, the present tense is formed by adding the appropriate suffix to the stem of the verb. The suffixes vary depending on the subject pronoun, as well as whether the verb is a vowel-ending verb or a consonant-ending verb.
Subject Pronouns and Conjugation Suffixes
The subject pronouns in Northern Uzbek are:
- Men – I
- Sen – You
- U – He/She/It
- Biz – We
- Siz – You (plural)
- Ular – They
The following table shows the present tense conjugation suffixes for vowel-ending verbs:
| Subject Pronoun | Suffix |
|---|---|
| Men | -man |
| Sen | -san |
| U | -dir |
| Biz | -miz |
| Siz | -siz |
| Ular | -dilar |
And the following table shows the present tense conjugation suffixes for consonant-ending verbs:
| Subject Pronoun | Suffix |
|---|---|
| Men | -man |
| Sen | -san |
| U | -t |
| Biz | -miz |
| Siz | -siz |
| Ular | -lar |
Examples
Here are some examples of how to use the present tense in Northern Uzbek:
- Men uyingda yashayman. (I live in a house.)
- Sen kitob o'qiyapsanmi? (Do you read books?)
- U mashinaga chiqadi. (He/She/It gets in the car.)
- Biz o'yin o'ynaymiz. (We play games.)
- Siz kelinchak ishlayapsizmi? (Are you working tomorrow?)
- Ular taom tayyorlaydilar. (They prepare food.)
Conclusion
The present tense is a crucial part of Northern Uzbek and will be essential for you to communicate in everyday situations. Practice using the present tense with different verbs and subjects to master this grammar concept. In the next lesson, we will cover the past tense.